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Aqueous Leaf Extract of Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) Effectively Treats Induced Hemolytic Anemia in Wistar Rats

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第8期11卷 154-168页

作者： Semado franck Médard Tchogou Atchadé Pascal Medoatinsa Seinde Espérance agbogba félicienne Abissi Yollande Kassa Roxane Lokonon Jacques Ezéchiel Houngbeme Alban Agbonon Amegnon Gbénou Joachim Djimon Baba-Moussa Lamine Senou Maximin Experimental and Clinical Biology Unit (UBEC) Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Laboratory (LaRBiMeP) National School of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnology of Dassa-Zoumé (ENSBBA) National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics of Abomey (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin Experimental and Clinical Biology Unit (UBEC) Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Laboratory (LaRBiMeP) National School of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnology of Dassa-Zoumé (ENSBBA) National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics of Abomey (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin National Pharmacognosy Laboratory (LNP) Institute for Research and Experimentation in Traditional Medicine and Pharmacopoeia (IREMPT) Porto Novo Benin Laboratory of Physiology/Pharmacology Faculty of Sciences University of Lome Lome Togo Doctoral School (ED-STIM) National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Moringa oleifera was a medicinal plant generally used by populations in the food and therapeutic fields. It’s used to treat anemia has been observed in the Djougou Zone in northern Benin. To our knowledge, there were no scientific data available that have evaluated its efficacy in the treatment of haemolytic anemia. This was what justifies this research work in which the phytochemical analysis, extraction and evaluation of the anti-anemic effect were carried out. Methods: five groups of five Wistar rats each were formed. All the rats were rendered anemic by injection of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride on the first two days D0 and D1 except those in the negative control group. from the second day, the anemic groups were force-fed either with the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves at 200 or 300 mg/kg body weight/day, or with vitafer, the reference drug against anemia. The positive control group (anemia) was not treated. Blood samples were taken from all the rats on different days: D0, D2, D7, D10 and D15 to evaluate the data of the hemogram and the osmotic resistance of the red blood cells. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanins, saponosides, triterpenes and mucilages. A good yield was obtained at the extraction. Both the extract and the reference drug vitafer completely corrected anemia within two weeks after stimulating hemoglobin synthesis and early release of immature red blood cells into the bloodstream. Its effect seemed dose-dependent and specific. Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaves showed good therapeutic efficacy and can be considered and exploited for transformation into improved traditional medicines (ITM) in the treatment of anemia.

关键词： Moringa oleifera Hemolytic Anemia Red Blood Cells Wistar Rats

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Safety and in Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of ficus umbellata (Vahl.) Leaves

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 94-112页

作者： Atchadé Pascal Tchogou Steven Amour Pyus Tanguy Vignon Chokki Gbèssohèlè Justin Behanzin Tétédé Rodrigue Christian Konfo Perside Savoeda félicienne agbogba Léocardie Akpoli Lamine Baba-Moussa Maximin Senou Alphonse Sezan Experimental and Clinical Biology Unit (UBEC) Biotechnology Research Laboratory Medical and Pharmaceutical (LaRBiMeP) Na-tional School of Biosciences and Biotechnology of Dassa-Zoumé (ENSBBA) National University of Science Technology and Engi-neering of Abomey (UNSTIM) Dassa-Zoumé Benin Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional Medicines (LPMTA) Faculty of Science and Technology (FAST) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin National University of Agriculture (UNA) Schools of Science and Techniques for Preservation and Processing of Agricultural Prod-ucts (ESTCTPA) Sakété Benin Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Toxicity is the totality of adverse effects, which can be functional and morphological lesions in a living organism, caused by a substance introduced in relatively high single doses or in small, repeated doses. The aim of this study was to assess the OECD-recommended acute oral toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of ficus umbellata leaves. Animals were given a single oral dose of 1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/Kg body weight (BW) of the extract. for the anti-inflammatory activity test, rats were given the ethanolic extract of f. umbellata leaves at doses of 100, 300 and 500 mg/Kg or aspirin® at a concentration of 100 mg/Kg PC orally, one hour before injection of 0.05 ml of 1% formalin under the plantar fascia of the rat’s right hind paw. Paw volume measurements were taken one, two and three hours after formalin injection, using an electronic caliper. After 14 days of observation, no deaths were observed in treated rats. The LD50 of ethanolic extract of ficus umbellata leaf powder is greater than 5000 mg/Kg body weight. This extract has no significant effects on hematological parameters and on the main markers of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity for a single dose of less than 5000 mg/Kg PC. It reduces formalin-induced edema. Evaluation of the percentage inhibition showed that the extract had greater anti-inflammatory activity at 3 hours after the start of the experiment. However, better inhibition of inflammatory oedema of the paw of rats treated with 500 mg/Kg was observed at 5 hours after the start of the experiment, with a percentage inhibition of 69.23 ± 1.02, compared with the reference group treated with aspirin® 100 mg/Kg, which showed an inhibition of 63.50 ± 0.98. These results show that f. umbellata leaves possess anti-inflammatory activity, which would justify their use in traditional African medicine to prevent or treat inflammation.

关键词： ficus umbellata Toxicity Anti-Inflammatory Edema Inflammation

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Safety of the Aqueous Extract of the Leaves of Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae), a Plant Used in Benin to Treat Infections

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第12期10卷 86-95页

作者： Maximin Senou René Dehou félicienne agbogba Pascal Tchogou Yollande Abissi Alban Houngbeme Gutemberg Kpossou Eugénie Anago Eugène Attakpa Laboratoire de Biologie Expérimentale et Clinique (LaBEC) Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Biosciences et Biotechnologie Appliquées Université Nationale des Sciences Technologies Ingénierie et Mathématiques d’Abomey Benin Laboratoire de Biologie Appliquée (LARBA) Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC) Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratoire National de Pharmacognosie/Centre Béninois de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CBRST) Porto-Novo Benin Laboratoire de l’Hô pital de Zone Saint Jean de Dieu de Boko Parakou Benin Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Moléculaire et Toxicologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin

Description of the Subject: Senna alata (L.) was a plant in the Benin pharmacopoeia used to treat skin infections. Objectives: The aim of our work was to test its harmlessness in vivo. Method: Wistar rats received by gavage a single dose of 2000 mg/kg of Senna alata leaves aqueous extract for the Acute Oral Toxicity (AOT) test. for the sub-Chronic Oral Toxicity (SCT) test, rats force-fed the extract at a daily dose of 300 mg/Kg of body weight for 28 days. The weight of the rats was taken and the blood samples were collected on Day 0, then respectively day 14 for the AOT and Day 28 for the SCT. The renal balance was carried out by dosage of the creatinine, the liver balance by the transaminases AST and ALT and the blood balance by the hemogram. The liver, kidneys and spleen were removed for histological analysis. The results were analyzed using the Student test, with the significance level set at 5%. Results: The weight of the rats did not change significantly in the acute or subchronic oral toxicity tests suggesting an absence of physical disturbance in the rats. Serum creatinine did not vary significantly, suggesting preservation of renal function. That was the same for ASAT and ALAT transaminases, indicating an absence of hepatic cytolysis. In hematology, the hemoglobin level and the number of blood platelets did not vary significantly, suggesting that the extract did not create anemia and did not influence blood coagulation. Hepatic, renal and splenic parenchyma showed no atypia. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of Senna alata (L.) leaves did not reveal any acute or subchronic toxicity and offered prospects for its use in the treatment of infections.

关键词： Senna alata Oral Toxicity Liver Kidneys and Spleen

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Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity of the Sap and Aqueous Extract of the Leaves of Jatropha multifida Linn

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第7期10卷 171-182页

作者： Maximin Senou Jacques Ezéchiel Lokonon Edjégué Oloroun-Togni Ruth Abissi félicienne agbogba René J. Dehou Espérance Medoatinsa Pascal Tchogou Boris fresel Cachon Alban Houngbeme Eugène Attakpa Amègnona Agbonon Lamine Baba-Moussa Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Biology National School of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnologies National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM) Abomey The Republic of Benin Laboratoire de Biologie Appliquée (LARBA) Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC) Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Godomey The Republic of Benin Laboratoire National de Pharmacognosie/Centre Béninois de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CBRST) Cotonou The Republic of Benin Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Moléculaire et Toxicologie de la faculté des Sciences et Techniques (fAST) de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Godomey The Republic of Benin Laboratoire de Physiologie/Pharmacologie Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lome The Republic of Togo Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou The Republic of Benin

Introduction: Jatropha multifida Lin was a plant of traditional Beninese medicine used as an antibiotic. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity and the toxicity of the sap and the aqueous extract of Jatropha multifida leaves. Methods: Phytochemical screening of Jatropha multifida leaves was carried out. The extract was obtained by maceration. The antimicrobial activity of sap and leaves was evaluated on the five strains of hospital germs. Acute oral toxicity by forced gavage in a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight was performed on female Wistar rats. Biochemical and hematological parameters were determined. Results: The presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, anthocyanins, mucilages, leuco-anthocyanins and saponosides was noted in the leaves of Jatropha multifida. The aqueous extracts of the leaves inhibited two strains of Staphylococcus aureus out of three, while the sap of Jatropha multifida was 100% bactericidal against the strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus D. The sap and aqueous leaf extract were not bactericidal on strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. for the toxicity, there was no death of rats and the aqueous extract of the leaves did not significantly vary the weight of the rats, the creatinine, the ALAT transaminase, the hemoglobin level, the number of white blood cells and blood platelets. Conclusion: The sap of Jatropha multifida exerted a more effective antibacterial activity than the aqueous extract of its leaves. The leaves were not acutely toxic.

关键词： Jatropha multifida Antibacterial Activity Toxicity Benin

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