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Stress-induced visceral analgesia assessed non-invasively in rats is enhanced by prebiotic diet

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第3期18卷 225-236页

作者： Muriel Larauche agata Mulak Pu-Qing Yuan Osamu Kanauchi Yvette Taché CURE： Diges-tive Diseases Research Center and Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress Department of Medicine Digestive Diseases Division at the University of California Los Angeles VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Los Angeles CA 90073 United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Wroclaw Medical University Borowska 213 50-556 Wroclaw Poland University of Medical Science Shiga and Central Laboratories for Frontier Technology Kirin Holdings Co. Ltd. 1-13-5 Fukuura Kanazawa-ku Yokohama 236-0004 Japan CURE：Digestive Diseases Research Center and Oppenheimer Family Centerfor Neurobiology of Stress Department of Medicine Digestive Diseases Division at the University of California Los AngelesVA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System

AIM: To investigate the influence of repeated water avoidance stress (rWAS) on the visceromotor response (VMR) to colorectal distension (CRD) and the modulation of the response by a prebiotic diet in rats using a novel surgery-free method of solid-state ***: Male Wistar rats fed a standard diet with or without 4% enzyme-treated rice fiber (ERF) for 5 wk were subjected to rWAS (1 h daily x 10 d) or no stress. The VMR to graded phasic CRD was assessed by intraluminal colonic pressure recording on days 0 (base-line), 1 and 10 (45 min) and 11 (24 h) after rWAS and expressed as percentage change from baseline. Cecal content of short chain fatty acids and distal colonic histology were assessed on day 11. RESULTS: WAS on day 1 reduced the VMR to CRD at 40 and 60 mmHg similarly by 28.9% ± 6.6% in both diet groups. On day 10, rWAS-induced reduction of VMR occurred only at 40 mmHg in the standard diet group (36.2% ± 17.8%) while in the ERF group VMR was lowered at 20, 40 and 60 mmHg by 64.9% ± 20.9%, 49.3% ± 11.6% and 38.9% ± 7.3% respectively. The visceral analgesia was still observed on day 11 in ERF-but not in standard diet-fed rats. By contrast the non-stressed groups (standard or ERF diet) exhibited no changes in VMR to CRD. In standard diet-fed rats, rWAS induced mild colonic histological changes that were absent in ERF-fed rats exposed to stress compared to non-stressed rats. The reduction of cecal content of isobutyrate and total butyrate, but not butyrate alone, was correlated with lower visceral pain response. Additionally, ERF diet increased rWAS-induced defecation by 26% and 75% during the first 0-15 min and last 15-60 min, respectively, compared to standard diet, and reduced rats' body weight gain by 1.3 fold independently of their stress status. CONCLUSION: These data provide the first evidence of psychological stress-related visceral analgesia in rats that was enhanced by chronic intake of ERF prebiotic.

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How rotational speed of planetary ball mill and polymer load influence the performance and water vapor sorption in solid dispersions composed of tadalafil and soluplus

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Particuology 2023年第2期73卷 37-46页

作者： Karol Kubat Anna Krupa Witold Brniak Agnieszka Węgrzyn Dorota Majda agata Bogdał Hubert Harańczyk Department of Medical Physics Faculty of PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsJagiellonian UniversityCracowPoland Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Faculty of PharmacyCollegium MedicumJagiellonian UniversityCracowPoland Faculty of Chemistry Jagiellonian UniversityCracowPoland

The presence of residual water may deteriorate the performance of amorphous solid dispersions prepared by ball milling,affecting molecular mobility,crystallinity,particle size and finally,the drug dissolution *** the stability of these metastable systems depend on both formulation and process variables,the aim of this study was to assess for the first time,the impact that the polymer load and the rotational speed applied upon high energy ball milling could have on the performance of binary co-milled solid dispersions composed of tadalafil(a hydrophobic crystalline drug)and Soluplus(an amphiphilic,hygroscopic amorphous polymer).Each of these variables was tested at three *** electron microscopy,laser diffraction and X-ray powder diffraction were used to analyze morphology,particle size distribution and crystallinity of ball milled formulations *** studies were also carried *** tools of applied physics,namely solid state 1H NMR and relaxometry were used to assess the structure and water mobility upon gaseous phase hydration on *** was shown that both tested variables determined the particle size of the *** the rotational speed of 400 rpm was used,all solid dispersion were XRD-amorphous,but to ensure the immediate release of tadalafil its micellar solubilization in Soluplus was *** the formulation was exposed to water vapor,the hydration level increased with an increasing polymer load as ***,the rotational speed governed the space available for the adsorption of water molecules and their organization in a monolayer or *** behavior may have impact on the kinetics of the amorphous drug recrystallization,and finally deteriorate its dissolution.

关键词： Tadalafil Soluplus Solid dispersion Relaxation time Milling NMR

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Vases

Vases

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作者： agata Toromanoff.

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Seminal vesicles and diabetic neuropathy： ultrasound evaluation in patients with couple infertility and different levels of glycaemic control

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第6期13卷 872-876页

作者： Sandro La Vignera Rosita A Condorelli Enzo Vicari Rosario D＇agata Aldo E Calogero Section of Endocrinology Andrology and Internal Medicine and Master＇s Program in Andrological Human Reproduction and Biotechnology Sciences Department of Interna Medicine and Systemic Diseases University of Catania Catania 95123 Italy

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ultrasound characteristics of the seminal vesicles （SVs） of infertile patients with diabetes mellitus （DM） and diabetic neuropathy （DN） and to investigate possible changes in ultrasound characteristics related to glycaemic control. To accomplish this, 45 infertile patients with type 2 DM and symptomatic DN were selected. Twenty healthy fertile men and 20 patients with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia without DM represented the control groups. DM patients were arbitrarily divided into three groups according to glycaemic control level （A=glycosylated haemoglobin 〈7%; B =glycosylated haemoglobin between 7% and 10%; C=glycosylated haemoglobin 〉 10%）. Patients underwent prostate-vesicular transrectal ultrasonography and sperm analysis. The following SV ultrasound parameters were recorded：（i） body antero-posterior diameter （APD）; （ii） fundus APD; （iii） parietal thicknesses of the right and left SVs; and （iv） the number of polycyclic areas within both SVs. We then calculated the following parameters：（i） fundus/body （F/B） ratio; （ii） difference of the parietal thickness between the right and the left SV; and （iii） pre- and post-ejaculatory APD difference. All DM patients had a higher FIB ratio compared to controls （P〈0.05）. Group C had a higher FIB ratio compared to the other DM groups （P〈0.05）. All DM patients had a lower pre- and post-ejaculatory difference of the body SV APD compared to controls （P〈0.05）. Groups A and B had a similar pre- and post-ejaculatory difference of the body SV APD, whereas this difference was lower in Group C （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, infertile DM patients with DN showed peculiar SV ultrasound features suggestive of functional atony, and low glycaemic control was associated with greater expression of these features.

关键词： diabetes glycaemic control infertility neuropathy seminal vesicles

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Effect of exposure to chlorpyrifos on the cuticular and internal lipid composition of Blattella germanica males

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Insect Science 2016年第1期23卷 94-104页

作者： Monika Paszkiewicz agata Sikora Mieczystawa I. Bogus Emilia Wloka Piotr Stepnowski Marek Golebiowski Laboratory of Natural Products Analysis Department of Environmental Analysis Institute for Environmental and Human Health ProtectionFaculty of Chemistry University of Gdansk ul. Wita Stwosza 63 80-308 Gdansk Institute of Parasitology Polish Academy ofSciences Twarda 51155 00-818 Warszawa Poland

The results of our research on the cuticular and internal lipids of Blattella germanica males provide new information on variation in the composition of the cuticular and internal lipids ofB. germanica males after exposure to the presence of the insecticide. gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses were used to identify and quantify the cuticular and internal lipid composition in males and males exposed to insecticide. There were significantly more acids having an even number of carbon atoms in the molecule, and these were also generally in higher concentrations. The following acids were in a higher concentration： C16：0 and C18：1, C18：2, C18：0. In both males and males exposed to insecticide, 24 fatty acids ranging from C6 to C22 were determined. However, there was a significantly higher content of fatty acids in the surface lipids of B. germanica males after exposure to insecticide. Our results indicate a higher content of n-alkanes, sterols, particularly cholesterol, fatty acids, and fatty acid methyl esters in the B. germanica surface after exposure to chlorpyrifos than in males that were not exposed.

关键词： Blattella germanica chlorpyrifos cockroach cuticular and internal lipid GC-MS

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The art of optical illusion

The art of optical illusion

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作者： agata & Pierre Toromanoff.

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Assessing effect of interaction between the FTO A/T polymorphism(rs9939609)and physical activity on obesity-related traits

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 459-464页

作者： agata Leonska-Duniec Zbigniew Jastrzebski Aleksandra Zarebska Agnieszka Maciejewska Krzysztof Ficek Pawel Cieszczyk Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion Centre for Human Structural and Functional ResearchUniversity of SzczecinSzczecin 71-065Poland Faculty of Tourism and Recreation Gdansk University of Physical Education and SportGdansk 80-336Poland Faculty of Physical Education Gdansk University of Physical Education and SportGdansk 80-336Poland Galen Medical Center Bierun 43-150Poland E-mail address： leonska.duniec@***

Background： The first described obesity-susceptibility gene was the fat mass and obesity-associated （FTO） gene. However, knowledge about FTO＇s potential modifying effect on changes in body weight achieved through a training program is still limited. We decided to study the association between the FTO A/T polymorphism （rs9939609） and obesity-related traits. Additionally, we investigated whether body mass and body composition, as well as metabolic variables observed in physically active participants, are modulated by the FTO polymorphism. Methods： A group of 201 young Polish women were recruited for the study. The genotype distribution was examined in participants measured for selected changes before and after the completion of a 12-week training program. Results： Our results confirm the association between the common FTO A/T polymorphism and increased body mass index （BMI）. Subjects with AA and AT genotypes had higher BMI during the entire study period compared with the TT genotype. Although parameters such as BMI, basal metabolism rate, tissue independence, fat mass percentage, fat mass, fat-free mass, total body water, high-density lipoprotein, and glucose changed significantly during the training program, none of the examined parameters changed significantly across the FTO genotypes （genotype × training interaction）. Conclusion： We confirm an association between the FTO A/T polymorphism and increased BMI; this polymorphism is therefore a candidate for influencing obesity and other disease-related phenotypes. Although the gene x physical activity interaction was not shown, we want to point out that promoting physical activity is an important approach to controlling the increasing obesity epidemic.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. （http：//***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.

关键词： Exercise FTO gene Gene x physical activity interaction Obesity-related traits Polish women Sport genetics

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Soil Physical Quality of Citrus Orchards Under Tillage, Herbicide, and Organic Managements

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Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 463-477页

作者： Simone DI PRIMA Jesus RODRIGO-COMINO agata NOVARA Massimo IOVINO Mario PIRASTRU Saskia KEESSTRA Artemi CERDA Dipartimento di Agraria Università degli Studi di Sassari Sassari 07100 Italy Instituto de Geomorfologia y Suelos Department of Geography Mdlaga University Campus of Teatinos sin Mdlaga 29071( Spain) Department of Physical Geography Trier University Trier D-54286( Germany) Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Alimentari e Forestali Universita degli Studi di Palermo Palermo 90128( Italy) Team Soil Water and Land Use Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen UR Droevendaalsesteeg 3 Wageningen 6700 AA(The Netherlands) Civil Surveying and Environmental Engineering The University of Newcastle Callaghan 2308(Australia) Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group Department of Geography Universitat de Valencia Valencia 46010( Spain)

Soil capacity to support life and to produce economic goods and services is strongly linked to the maintenance of good soil physical quality(SPQ). In this study, the SPQ of citrus orchards was assessed under three different soil managements, namely no-tillage using herbicides, tillage under chemical farming, and no-tillage under organic farming. Commonly used indicators, such as soil bulk density,organic carbon content, and structural stability index, were considered in conjunction with capacitive indicators estimated by the Beerkan estimation of soil transfer parameter(BEST) method. The measurements taken at the L'Alcoleja Experimental Station in Spain yielded optimal values for soil bulk density and organic carbon content in 100% and 70% of cases for organic farming. The values of structural stability index indicated that the soil was stable in 90% of cases. Differences between the soil management practices were particularly clear in terms of plant-available water capacity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Under organic farming, the soil had the greatest ability to store and provide water to plant roots, and to quickly drain excess water and facilitate root *** practices adopted under organic farming(such as vegetation cover between the trees, chipping after pruning, and spreading the chips on the soil surface) improved the SPQ. Conversely, the conventional management strategies unequivocally led to soil degradation owing to the loss of organic matter, soil compaction, and reduced structural stability. The results in this study show that organic farming has a clear positive impact on the SPQ, suggesting that tillage and herbicide treatments should be avoided.

关键词： Beerkan estimation of soil transfer parameter capacitive indicator organic farming soil management soil quality assessment structural stability index

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Nitric oxide-releasing aspirin but not conventional aspirin improves healing of experimental colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第36期17卷 4076-4089页

作者： Malgorzata Zwolinska-Wcislo Tomasz Brzozowski agata Ptak-Belowska Aneta Targosz Katarzyna Urbanczyk Slawomir Kwiecien Zbigniew Sliwowski Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic Jagiellonian University Medical College31-531 CracowPoland Department of Physiology Jagiellonian University Medical College31-531 CracowPoland Department of Pathomorphology Jagiellonian University Medical College31-531 CracowPoland

AIM:To determine the effect of non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors,selective COX-2 inhibitors and nitric oxide (NO)-releasing aspirin in the healing of ulcerative ***:Rats with 2,4,6 trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis received intragastric (ig) treatment with vehicle,aspirin (ASA) (a nonselective COX inhibitor),celecoxib (a selective COX-2 inhibitor) or NO-releasing ASA for a period of ten *** area of colonic lesions,colonic blood flow (CBF),myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and expression of proinflammatory markers COX-2,inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS),IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were *** effects of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN),a NO donor,and 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1H-imidazolyl-1-oxy-3-oxide,onopotassium salt (carboxy-PTIO),a NO scavenger,administered without and with ASA or NO-ASA,and the involvement of capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves in the mechanism of healing the experimental colitis was also ***:Rats with colitis developed macroscopic and microscopic colonic lesions accompanied by a significant decrease in the CBF,a significant rise in colonic weight,MPO activity and plasma IL-1β and TNF-α *** effects were aggravated by ASA and 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (SC-560),but not celecoxib and counteracted by concurrent treatment with a synthetic prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) *** with NO-ASA dose-dependently accelerated colonic healing followed by a rise in plasma NO x content and CBF,suppression of MPO and downregulation of COX-2,iNOS,IL-1β and TNF-α *** with GTN,the NO donor,significantly inhibited the ASA-induced colonic lesions and increased CBF,while carboxy-PTIO or capsaicin-denervation counteracted the NO-ASAinduced improvement of colonic healing and the accompanying increase in the *** effects were restored by co-treatment with calcitonin gene related peptide (CG

关键词： Nitric oxide-releasing aspirin Colitis Cyclooxygenase-2 Aspirin Celecoxib Colonic blood flow Interleukin-1β Tumor necrosis factor-α

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The association between orthostatic hypertension and all-cause mortality in hospitalized elderly persons

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第3期13卷 239-243页

作者： Avraham Weiss Yichayaou Beloosesky Alon Grossman agata Shlesinge Nira Koren-Morag Ehud Grossman Department of Geriatrics Rabin Medical Center Beilinson Hospital Petach Tikvah lsrael Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Israel Department of Internal Medicine E Rabin Medical Center Beilinson Hospital Petach Tikvah lsrael Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Tel Aviv University Israel Internal Medicine Department and Hypertension Unit Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer lsrael

Background Little is known about the prevalence oforthostatic hypertension （OHT） and its effect on long-term mortality in the eld- erly. We evaluated the prevalence of OHT and its effect on mortality in hospitalized elderly patients. Methods Out of 1852 patients admit- ted between 31/12/1999 and 31/12/2000 to an acute geriatric ward, 474 patients （48% males） with a mean age of 81.5 ±6.8 years were en- rolled in this study. Blood pressure （BP） was measured three times during the day in a supine and standing position. Patients with at least one increase in systolic or diastolic BP levels upon standing were diagnosed with OHT. Medical history, physical examination and laboratory parameters were retrieved from the medical records. Mortality data until 18th June 2014 were retrieved from the computerized system of the Ministry of the Interior. Results Four hundred and seven patients （86%） were diagnosed with OHT. Those without OHT had a lowerbody mass index and were more likely males, smokers, had a higher rate of Parkinson＇s disease and less congestive heart failure compared with those with OHT. Patients with OHT had a better survival rate than those without OHT （P = 0.024）. Hazard ratios （HRs） for mortality in those with OHT adjusted to age and multiple risk factors were： 0.67 [95% confidence interval （CI）： 0.51-0.87] and 0.73 （95% CI： 0.55-0.97）, respectively; a similar tendency was noticed in a sensitivity analysis by gender. Conclusion Hospitalized elderly patients with OHT had a better survival rate than those without OHT.

关键词： Hypertension Mortality Orthostatic The elderly

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