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Unit Root Analysis of Traffic Time Series in Toll Highways

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Journal of Civil engineering and Architecture 2012年第12期6卷 1641-1647页

作者： Antonio Sanchez Solino Antonio l. lara Galera Construction Department Madrid Polytechnic University Madrid 28040 Spain

Concession contracts in highways often include some kind of clauses （for example, a minimum traffic guarantee） that allow for better management of the business risks. The value of these clauses may be important and should be added to the total value of the concession. However, in these cases, traditional valuation techniques, like the NPV （net present value） of the project, are insufficient. An alternative methodology for the valuation of highway concession is one based on the re.l.options approach. This methodology is generally built on the assumption of the evolution of traffic volume as a GBM （geometric Brownian motion）, which is the hypothesis analyzed in this paper. First, a description of the methodology used for the analysis of the existence of unit roots （i.e., the hypothesis of non-stationarity） is provided. The Dickey-Fuller approach has been used, which is the most common test for this kind of analysis. Then this methodology is applied to perform a statistical analysis of traffic series in Spanish toll highways. For this purpose, data on the AADT （annual average daily traffic） on a set of highways have been used. The period of analysis is around thirty years in most cases. The main outcome of the research is that the hypothesis that traffic volume follows a GBM process in Spanish toll highways cannot be rejected. This result is robust, and therefore it can be used as a starting point for the application of the re.l.options theory to assess toll highway concessions.

关键词： Re.l.options unit root analysis investment highway concession traffic.

Clustering of Multiple Risk Behaviors among ethnically Diverse Adolescents living in Hawaii

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He.l.h 2014年第17期6卷 2333-2341页

作者： Juliana l. Kahrs Karly S. Ge.l.r Department Kinesiology & He.l.h Miami University Oxford USA

The current study examined the prevalence and clustering of 5 he.l.h-risk behaviors among adolescents in Hawaii, including physical inactivity, low fruit and vegetable consumption, junk food consumption, excessive television time, and inadequate sleep. High school students were recruited from 5 classrooms in Oahu Hawaii. Data were collected in the spring semester of 2011. Proportions were used to describe the prevalence of single and multiple he.l.h risk behaviors. Significant he.l.h behavior clusters were reve.l.d using an observed-to-expected (O/e) ratio method. Participating adolescents (n = 114) were 11th and 12th grade students with a mean age of 16.28 (SD = 0.62). Participants were predominantly female (75%) and Filipino-American (68%). Seventy-seven percent of adolescents were physically inactive, 90% watched excessive TV, 66% consumed inadequate fruits and vegetables, 94% reported inadequate.l.vels of sleep, and 80% consumed excessive junk food. Overall, 94% reported at least 3 risk factors, 73% reported at least 4 risk factors, and 37% reported all 5 risk factors. No significant clusters were found. Conclusion: He.l.h-risk behaviors cluster and occur more often than expected among adolescents living in Hawaii. Non-significant clustering may be due to insufficient variability within the sample data;future examinations of this highly understudied population are necessary.

关键词： Filipino-American Adolescents Multiple He.l.h Risk Behavioral Clustering

Impaired motor control after sport-related concussion could increase risk for musculoskeletal injury:Implications for clinical management and rehabilitation

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Journal of Sport and He.l.h Science 2021年第2期10卷 154-161页

作者： Terese.l.Chmielewski Justin Tatman Shuhei Suzuki MaryBeth Horodyski Darcy S.Reisman Russe.l.M.Bauer James R.Clugston Daniel C.Herman TRIA Orthopedic Center BloomingtonMN 55431USA ATP Tour Inc. Ponte Vedra BeachFL 32082USA Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32607USA Department of Physical Therapy University of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA Department of Clinical and He.l.h Psychology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of Community He.l.h&Family Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32603USA

This review presents a conceptual framework and supporting evidence that links impaired motor control after sport-related concussion(SRC)to increased risk for musculoskeletal *** studies have found that athletes who are post-SRC have higher risk for musculoskeletal injury compared to their counterparts.A small body of research suggests that impairments in motor control are associated with musculoskeletal injury *** control involves the perception and processing of sensory information and subsequent coordination of motor output within the central nervous system to perform a motor *** control is inclusive of motor planning and motor *** sensory information is not accurately perceived or there is interference with sensory information processing and cognition,motor function will be altered,and an athlete may become vulnerable to injury during sport *** with SRC show neuroanatomic and neurophysiological changes relevant to motor control even after meeting return to sport criteria,including a normal neurological examination,resolution of symptoms,and return to baseline function on traditional concussion *** conjunction,altered motor function is demonstrated after SRC in muscle activation and force production,movement patterns,balance/postural stability,and motor task performance,especially performance of a motor task paired with a cognitive task(i.e.,dual-task condition).The clinical implications of this conceptual framework include a need to intentionally address motor control impairments after SRC to mitigate musculoskeletal injury risk and to monitor motor control as the athlete progresses through the return to sport continuum.

关键词： Clinical management Concussion Injury Motor control Rehabilitation

Stability of Time-Dependent Diffusion Semigroups and Kernels

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,english Series 1999年第4期15卷 575-586页

作者： Weian ZhengDepartment of Mathematics,University of California,Irvine,CA92612,U S ADepartment of Statistics,east China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,P.R.China e-mail:wzhengmath.uci.edu Department of Mathematics University of California Irvine USA Department of Statistics East China Normal University Shanghai P. R. China

The main result of this paper is that when the coefficients of the time-dependent divergence form operators are Hlder continuous in time with order not too much smaller than （1/2）,the distance of the semigroups of t... 详细信息

关键词： Time-dependent diffusion semigroups Stability Hlder continuous

Fuzzy inference systems with no any rule base and linearly parameter growth

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2004年第2期2卷 185-192页

作者： ShitongWANC KorrisF.l.CHUNG JiepinglU BinHAN DewenHU DepartmentofComputer SchoolofInformationSouthernYangtseUniversityWuxiJiangsu214036China DeparmentofComputing HongKongPolytechnicUniversityHongKongChina DepartmentofComputer SoutheastUniversityNanjingJiangsu210016China DepartrmentofComputer EastChinaShipbuildingInstituteZhenjiangJiangsu212003China SchoolofAutomation NationalDefenseUniversityofScience＆TechnologyChangshaHunan410073China

A class of new fuzzy inference systems New-FISs is *** with the standard fuzzy system, New-FIS is still a universal approximator and has no fuzzy rule base and linearly parameter growth. Thus, it effectively overcomes the second "curse of dimensionality":there is an exponential growth in the number of parameters of a fuzzy system as the number of input variables,resulting in surprisingly reduced computational complexity and being especially suitable for applications,where the complexity is of the first importance with respect to the approximation accuracy.

关键词： Fuzzy inference Fuzzy systems Universal approximation Computational complexity linearly parameter growth

天线阵结构对非视距室内MIMO信道容量的影响

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电子与信息学报 2006年第9期28卷 1636-1639页

作者：吕剑刚吕英华李云庄杜鹃北京邮电大学通信网络综合技术研究所北京100876 中国电信集团公司大客户事业部北京100032 意法半导体有限公司北京100080

采用2维射线跟踪法分析了非视距室内环境中天线间隔、天线阵形对MIMO系统容量和互补累积分布函数(CCDF)的影响。结果表明随着天线间隔减小,MIMO系统容量降低。10%中断容量表明,天线间隔相同时,有独立同分布瑞利信道容量大于线性阵容量... 详细信息

采用2维射线跟踪法分析了非视距室内环境中天线间隔、天线阵形对MIMO系统容量和互补累积分布函数(CCDF)的影响。结果表明随着天线间隔减小,MIMO系统容量降低。10%中断容量表明,天线间隔相同时,有独立同分布瑞利信道容量大于线性阵容量大于方阵容量或者圆形阵容量的关系。当天线间隔大于等于3λ时,不同天线阵列阵形对容量影响非常小,此时i.i.d.瑞利信道理论容量几乎全部实现。当天线间隔小于等于1λ时,天线阵列阵形对容量影响较大,矩形阵和圆形阵MIMO系统容量相差较小,但都显著小于线性阵列系统容量。在非视距的室内环境中,要实现最大的MIMO容量增益,设计天线阵列时应该对天线间隔和阵列阵形综合考虑。

关键词：无线通信多入多出射线跟踪法容量互补累积分布函数阵列结构非视距

Wolfe线搜索下一类新的共轭梯度法及其收敛性

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广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2010年第3期28卷 24-28页

作者：陈翠玲李明梁家梅李略广西师范大学数学科学学院广西桂林541004 桂林理工大学理学院广西桂林541004

本文提出一类新的共轭梯度法,证明了其在Wolfe线搜索下具有全局收敛性,最后对算法进行数值试验,数值结果表明该算法是有效的。

关键词：无约束优化共轭梯度法 Wolfe线搜索全局收敛性

Use of orthotics with orthotic sandals versus the sole use of orthotics for plantar fasciitis:Randomised controlled trial

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世界骨科杂志:英文版 2023年第9期14卷 707-719页

作者： Portia Amoako-Tawiah Holly love Jaida Chacko Madathilethu Jessica laCourse Alice e Fortune Jonathan M G Sims George Ampat School of Medicine University of LiverpoolMerseysideLiverpool L693GEUnited Kingdom Urology Royal Stoke University HospitalStaffordshireStoke ST46QGUnited Kingdom Research Unit Talita Cumi Ltd.MerseysideSouthport PR83NSUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Plantar fasciitis(PF)affects around 10%of the *** orthotics with arch support has been shown to provide symptom relief in PF by decreasing the repetitive stress sustained by the plantar ***,prefabricated orthotics are only effective when shoes are worn,meaning the foot may be.l.ft unsupported when it is impractical to wear *** orthotic sandals in conjunction with prefabricated orthotics may increase PF symptom relief,as they can be worn inside the home,extending the period in which the foot is *** To compare the combined use of prefabricated orthotics and orthotic sandals vs the sole use of prefabricated orthotics in the treatment of *** 98 participants with PF were randomised into two *** intervention group received the Aetrex l420 Compete orthotics and the Aetrex l3000 Maui Flips(orthotic sandals),whilst the control group received the Aetrex l420 Compete orthotics *** pain was assessed both by the numerical rating scale(NRS)and the pain sub-scale of the foot he.l.h status questionnaire(FHSQ).Foot functionality was measured using the function sub-scale of the *** change was measured using the global rating of change scale(GROC).ReSUlTS Foot pain scores measured both by NRS and FHSQ pain sub-scale showed statistically significant reductions in foot pain in both groups(Plso reported statistically significant improvements(Peasured by the FHSQ function subscale and improvement of symptoms as measured by the GROC ***-group analysis showed that the intervention group with the combined use of orthotics and orthotic sandals scored better on all four outcome measures as compared to the control group with the sole use of ***,the between-group analysis only reached statistical significance on the NRS pain score(PlUSION Combined use of prefabricated orthotics and orthotic sandals provides a greater d

关键词： Plantar fasciitis Foot diseases Musculoskeletal pain Foot orthoses

Runs and Patterns in a Sequence of Markov Dependent Bivariate Trials

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Open Journal of Statistics 2011年第2期1卷 115-127页

作者： Kirtee K. Kamalja Ramkrishna l. Shinde 不详

In this paper we consider a sequence of Markov dependent bivariate trials whose each component results in an outcome success (0) and failure (1) i.e. we have a sequence {(Xn/Yn), n>=0} of S={(0/0),(0/1),(1/0),(1/1)}-valued Markov dependent bivariate trials. By using the method of conditional probability generating functions (pgfs), we derive the pgf of joint distribution of (X0n,k10,X1n,k11;Y0n,k20,Y1n,k21) where for i=0,1,Xin,k1i denotes the number of occurrences of i-runs of length k1i in the first component and Yin,k2i denotes the number of occurrences of i-runs of length k2i in the second component of Markov dependent bivariate trials. Further we consider two patterns Λ1 and Λ2 of lengths k1 and k2 respectively and obtain the pgf of joint distribution of (Xn,Λ 1,Yn,Λ2 ) using method of conditional probability generating functions where Xn,Λ1(Yn,Λ2) denotes the number of occurrences of pattern Λ1(Λ2 ) of length k1 (k2) in the first (second) n components of bivariate trials. An algorithm is developed to evaluate the exact probability distributions of the vector random variables from their derived probability generating functions. Further some waiting time distributions are studied using the joint distribution of runs.

关键词： Markov Dependent Bivariate trials Conditional Probability Generating Function Joint Distribution