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Sustainable bio-energy generation via the conversion of spent wash using dual chamber microbial fuel cell

Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第2期6卷 219-231页

作者： Abdul Sattar Jatoi Jawad ahmed afaque ahmed Bhutto Muhammad Shuaib Shaikh Department of Chemical Engineering Dawood University of Engineering and Technology KarachiSindhPakistan Changzhou DUBO Polymer Co. Ltd.Changzhou 213002China Department of Basic Science and Related Studies The University of LarkanoSindhPakistan Department of Chemical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and Technology JamshoroSindhPakistan

Microbial fuel cells(MFCs)are innovative devices that combine microbial processes with electrochemical reactions to convert organic matter in wastewater into electricity while simultaneously treating the *** such application is the treatment of spent wash,a highly polluting effluent generated from the distillery industry after crude mesh is separated into ethanol and spent *** wash,also known as distillery effluent or stillage,is a highly challenging wastewater treatment method due to its high chemical oxygen demand(COD),biological oxygen demand(BOD),and total dissolved solids(TDS).These characteristics make it a complex and polluting industrial effluent that requires specialized treatment processes to reduce its environmental impact ***,MFCs have shown promise in treating spent wash,as they can utilize the organic matter in wastewater as a fuel source for microbial growth as well as for electricity *** the treatment of spent wash,Saccharomyces cerevisiae *** used as a biocatalyst along with 340 mol/L potassium ferricyanide in the cathode chamber and 170 mol/L methylene blue in the anode as a *** tests were conducted by balancing a one-liter volume for power production from spent wash in MFC with the optimal conditions of 10%agarose,pH 8.5,300 mL/min of aeration in the cathode chamber,and 40%(in weight)substrate *** an ideal concentration,the maximum current and power density are roughly 53.41 mA/m^(2)and 72.22 mW/m^(2),*** each litre of processed spent wash,a maximum voltage of 850 mV(4.5 mA)was ***,91%of COD and BOD were removed from the effluent *** findings show that MFCs are capable of producing electricity and efficiently removing COD from wasted wash at the same time.

关键词： Microbial fuel cell Chemical oxygen demand Biological oxygen demand-Current density Power density Spent wash

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Evaluating the potential of surface-modified silica nanoparticles using internal olefin sulfonate for enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum Science 2020年第3期17卷 722-733页

作者： afaque ahmed Ismail Mohd Saaid Abdelazim Abbas ahmed Rashidah M.Pilus Mirza Khurram Baig Petroleum Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri IskandarMalaysia Center of Research in Enhanced Oil Recovery Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri IskandarMalaysia Department of Physics University of OkaraOkaraPunjabPakistan

Recently,nanoparticles have proven to enhance oil recovery on the core-flood scale in challenging high-pressure high-temperature *** generally appear to improve oil production through wettability alteration and reduction in interfacial tension between oil and water ***,they are environmentally friendly and cost-effective enhanced oil recovery *** the rheological properties of nanoparticles is critical for field *** instability of nanoparticle dispersion due to aggregation is considered as an unfavorable phenomenon in nanofluid flooding while conducting an EOR *** this study,wettability behavior and rheological properties of surface-treated silica nanoparticles using internal olefins sulfonates(IOS20–24 and IOS19–23),anionic surfactants were *** modification effect on the stability of the colloidal solution in porous media and oil recovery was *** rheology of pure and surfacetreated silica nanoparticles was investigated using a HPHT *** and particle size distributions of pure and coated silica nanoparticles were studied using a field emission scanning electron microscope.A series of core-flood runs was conducted to evaluate the oil recovery *** coated silica nanoparticles were found to alter rheological properties and exhibited a shear-thinning behavior as the stability of the coated silica nanoparticles could be improved *** low shear rates,the viscosity slightly increases,and the opposite happens at higher shear ***,the surfacemodified silica nanoparticles were found to alter the wettability of the aqueous phase into strongly water-wet by changing the contact angle from 80°to 3°measured against glass slides representing sandstone ***–water IFT results showed that the surface treatment by surfactant lowered the oil–water IFT by 30%.Also,the viscosity of brine increased from 0.001 to 0.008 Pa s by introducing SiO2 nano

关键词： Silica nanoparticles Anionic surfactant Rheological properties of nano fluids Wettability alteration Enhanced oil recovery

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石墨烯基膜用于脱盐与能量提取的文献计量分析及其制备

石墨烯基膜用于脱盐与能量提取的文献计量分析及其制备

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作者： afaque ahmed 天津大学

学位级别：硕士

随着人们对环境污染和能源短缺问题的关注度日益扩大,从而促进了对可再生能源技术的不断更新发展。石墨烯是一种具有单层原子厚度的二维碳材料,具备优异的机械性能,超大的比表面积及超薄的分子厚度。石墨烯基膜具有独特的纳米孔道,其在... 详细信息

随着人们对环境污染和能源短缺问题的关注度日益扩大,从而促进了对可再生能源技术的不断更新发展。石墨烯是一种具有单层原子厚度的二维碳材料,具备优异的机械性能,超大的比表面积及超薄的分子厚度。石墨烯基膜具有独特的纳米孔道,其在脱盐、燃料电池和废水处理等领域具有广阔的应用前景。目前,国内外学者在石墨烯基膜的制备及其在脱盐等领域的应用方面已有些研究,但对石墨烯基膜材料领域的发展趋势、特点和未来发展方向还缺乏系统的报道。本论文的具体研究内容如下:本研究的第一部分内容是利用文献计量学分析方法,对石墨烯基膜进行海水淡化的研究进行了文献计量分析。论文利用Scopus数据库中所有主题类别期刊,检索了2012年至2020年期间报道的相关文献,评估和分析了基于177种期刊的542篇论文。中国贡献的论文数量最多,但就引文数量而言,美国占主导地位。在854个作者关键词中,脱盐、石墨烯、膜、反渗透、正渗透、分子动力模拟、水处理、纳滤和抗垢等关键词出现频率最高。79%的作者关键词只出现1次,表明该区域的研究具有较大的非连续性以及分散性。在总关键语中,离子交换膜、燃料电池、聚电解质、质子传导性占据主要位置,表明除脱盐外,能量提取同样是石墨烯基膜应用的主要领域。该分析为我们对于过去8年中石墨烯基膜的研究趋势提供了一个新的视角。本研究的另一部分内容是我们采用绿色还原技术制备还原氧化石墨烯,并并通过修饰SPES(聚醚砜)聚合物制备了一种新型的离子交换膜GO-SPES2。该膜对某些有机染料物质的排除率达到100%,高渗透性,比普通氧化石墨烯基膜的渗透率高出近50倍,并且在一个月内保持很好的稳定性。此外,我们还用该膜构建了盐溶液燃料电池。制备的盐溶液燃料电池的最大输出功率和最大电流分别为190 mW和9.1 mA,与单独使用SPES或PES膜盐溶液燃料电池相比,当向SPES中添加rGO时,可以显著提高反应动力学和离子电导率。在室温下测试表明,使用GO-SPES2膜的SFC在1.2 mA/cm下获得的功率密度接近30mW/cm,是使用sPES膜的SFC的两倍,而SPES膜的SFC在-0.6 mA/cm时的功率密度约为12 mW/cm。本研究旨在为石墨烯膜材料的推广提供理论基础与实践经验,将对石墨烯材料的脱盐和能量提取膜的未来研究方向具有一定的促进和帮助作用。

关键词：脱盐膜氧化石墨烯离子交换膜聚(醚砜)聚合物

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Bioinspired Multi-material Polyjet-printed Frog Robot for Synchronous and Asynchronous Swimming

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第3期20卷 923-933页

作者： afaque Manzoor Soomro Jae-Wook Lee Fida Hussain Memon Faheem ahmed Kashif Hussain Kyung Hyun Choi Department of Mechatronics Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju63243South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur65200Pakistan

This paper proposes the bioinspired soft frog robot. All printing technology was used for the fabrication of the robot. Polyjet printing was used to print the front and back limbs, while ultrathin filament was used to print the body of the robot, which makes it a complete soft swimming robot. Dual thrust generation approach has been proposed by embedding the main muscle and antagonistic muscle in all the limbs, which enables it to attain high speed (18 mm/s), significant control to swim in dual mode (synchronous and asynchronous modes). To achieve the swimming motion of frog, four SMA (BMF 300) muscle wires were used. The frog robot is named as (FROBOT). The hind limbs are 60 mm long and 10 mm thick on average, while the front limbs are 35 mm long and 7 mm thick. Model-based design and rigorous analysis of the dynamics of real frogs have allowed FROBOT to be developed to swim at a level that is remarkably consistent with real frogs. Electrical and mechanical characteristics have been performed. In addition, the test data were further processed using TRACKER to analyze angle, displacement and velocity. FROBOT (weighs 65 g) can swim at different controllable frequencies (0.5–2 Hz), can rotate in any direction on command from custom built LabVIEW software allowing it to swim with speed up to 18 mm/s on deep water surface (100 cm) with excellent weight balance.

关键词： Bioinspired Soft robotics Frog FROBOT Asynchronous swimming

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Multi-material Bio-inspired Soft Octopus Robot for Underwater Synchronous Swimming

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第5期19卷 1229-1241页

作者： Faheem ahmed Muhammad Waqas Bushra Shaikh Umair Khan afaque Manzoor Soomro Suresh Kumar Hina Ashraf Fida Hussain Memon Kyung Hyun Choi Department of Mechatronics Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversityAirport RoadSukkur 65200SindhPakistan Advanced Micro Mechatronics and Energy Lab Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur 65200Pakistan Department of Ocean Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea

Inspired by the simple yet amazing morphology of the Octopus, we propose the design, fabrication, and characterization of multi-material bio-inspired soft Octopus robot (Octobot). 3D printed molds for tentacles and head were used. The tentacles of the Octobot were casted using Ecoflex-0030 while head was fabricated using relatively flexible material, i.e., OOMOO-25. The head is attached to the functionally responsive tentacles (each tentacle is of 79.12 mm length and 7 void space diameter), whereas Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) muscle wires of 0.5 mm thickness are used in Octobot tentacles for dual thrust generation and actuation of Octobot. The tentacles were separated in two groups and were synchronously actuated. Each tentacle of the developed Octobot contains a pair of SMA muscles (SMA-α and SMA-β). SMA-α muscles being the main actuator, was powered by 9 V, 350 mA power supply, whereas SMA-β was used to provide back thrust and thus helps to increase the actuation frequency. Simulation work of the proposed model was performed in the SolidWorks environment to verify the vertical velocity using the octopus tentacle actuation. The design morphology of Octobot was optimized using simulation and TRACKER software by analyzing the experimental data of angle, displacement, and velocity of real octopus. The as-developed Octobot can swim at variable frequencies (0.5–2 Hz) with the average speed of 25 mm/s (0.5 BLS). Therefore, the proposed soft Octopus robot showed an excellent capability of mimicking the gait pattern of its natural counterpart.

关键词： Bio-inspired Octopus Octobot Sub-surface Soft robotics Swimming

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