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National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1018-1042页

作者： Faisal Saud Dar Zaigham Abbas Irfan Ahmed Muhammad Atique Usman Iqbal Aujla Muhammad Azeemuddin Zeba Aziz Abu Bakar Hafeez Bhatti Tariq Ali Bangash Amna Subhan Butt Osama Tariq Butt Abdul Wahab Dogar Javed Iqbal Farooqi Faisal Hanif Jahanzaib Haider Siraj Haider Syed Mujahid Hassan Adnan Abdul Jabbar Aman Nawaz khan Muhammad Shoaib khan Muhammad Yasir khan Amer Latif Nasir Hassan Luck ahmad Karim Malik Kamran Rashid Sohail Rashid Mohammad Salih Abdullah Saeed Amjad Salamat Ghias-un-Nabi Tayyab Aasim Yusuf Haseeb Haider Zia Ammara Naveed Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Dr.Ziauddin University HospitalKarachi 75600SindhPakistan University of Aberdeen Aberdeen B243FXUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Radiology Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Oncology Hameed Latif HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Division of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplantation Shifa International HospitalIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Shaikh Zayed Hospital and Post Graduate Medical InstituteLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Liver Transplant Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Medicine&Gastroenterology Lifecare Hospital and Research CentrePeshawar 25000Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver Transplant Bahria International HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Surgery Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver TransplantDow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology&NutritionPir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Oncology Dr.Ziauddin HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Radiology Rehman Medical InstitutePeshawar 25000Pakistan Army Liver Transplant Unit Pak Emirates Military HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 75500Pakistan Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer Clinic Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer ClinicRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroentero

A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26,2023,at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research Centre(PKLI&RC)after initial consultations with the *** Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases(PSSLD)and PKLI&RC jointly organised this *** effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma(hCCA).The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these *** coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective *** diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and magnetic resonance *** cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for ***,histopathologic confirmation is not always required before *** ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for *** only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette *** patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver *** chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of *** use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary *** with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary *** chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA.

关键词： Hilar cholangiocarcinoma Bismuth-Corlette classification Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre Staging Preoperative biliary drainage Portal vein embolisation Surgical resection Hepatectomy

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The Emotional Intelligence and the Associated Factors among Nursing Students

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第3期14卷 114-126页

作者： ahmad Batran Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences Department of Nursing Palestine Ahliya University Bethlehem Palestine

Introduction: Emotional intelligence, or the capacity to cope one’s emotions, makes it simpler to form good connections with others and do caring duties. Nursing students can enroll a health team in a helpful and beneficial way with the use of emotional intelligence. Nurses who can identify, control, and interpret both their own emotions and those of their patients provide better patient care. The purpose of this study was to assess the emotional intelligence and to investigate the relationship and differences between emotional intelligence and demographic characteristics of nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 381 nursing students. Data collection was completed by “Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test”. Data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Science. An independent t test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression were used. Results: The results revealed that the emotional intelligence mean was 143.1 ± 21.6 (ranging from 33 to 165), which is high. Also, the analysis revealed that most of the participants 348 (91.3%) had higher emotional intelligence level. This finding suggests that nursing students are emotionally intelligent and may be able to notice, analyze, control, manage, and harness emotion in an adaptive manner. Also, academic year of nursing students was a predictor of emotional intelligence. Furthermore, there was positive relationship between the age and emotional intelligence (p < 0.05). The students’ ability to use their EI increased as they rose through the nursing grades. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the emotional intelligence score of the nursing students was high. Also, academic year of nursing students was a predictor of emotional intelligence. In addition, a positive relationship was confirmed between the emotional intelligence and age of nursing students. .

关键词： Students Nursing Emotional Intelligence

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Shear wave velocity model using HVSR inversion beneath Bandar Lampung City

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Earthquake Science 2024年第4期37卷 337-351页

作者： ahmad Zaenudin Alhada Farduwin Gede I Boy Darmawan Karyanto Department of Geophysical Engineering University of LampungBandar Lampung 35145Indonesia Department of Geophysical Engineering Sumatera Institute of TechnologySouth Lampung 35365Indonesia

The horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio(HVSR)method has been used to characterize site-effect parameters that are indispensable in seismic hazard and risk-reduction studies in urban areas and rapid land-use *** method is widely used because it is the cheapest and simplest geophysical method for the acquisition and processing *** subsequent developments,the HVSR method has been widely used to determine elastic rock parameters,particularly shear wave velocity(v_(S)),through the HVSR curve inversion ***,the v_(S)structural model can be used to delineate the presence of complex geological structures,particularly faults and sedimentary *** Lampung is a city in Lampung Province with many fault structures and groundwater basins to the *** are 83 HVSR measurement points around Bandar Lampung for delineating the presence of fault structures and groundwater *** produced the HVSR curve from the measurement results and then performed an inversion process using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain v_(S)for the depth ***,from this profile,we produced a two-dimensional(2D)lateral and vertical *** mean v_(S)value was calculated from all the measurement points,and we found stiff soil layers reaching depths of approximately 5 m,with a value of v_(S)<330 m/s.A bedrock layer with a velocity exceeding 1250 m/s was visible at a depth of 100 *** on the 2D model,the v_(S)structure shows that the city of Bandar Lampung is divided into two zones,with a NW-SE *** north-middle-eastern part of the city consists of harder *** harder rock is characterized by extremely high v_(S)values,starting from a depth of 50 *** contrast,the south-middle-west exhibits a low-moderate v_(S)anomaly associated with groundwater basins SW of the *** the 2D v_(S)structural model,fault structures can be found along the city,characterized by a contrast of v_(S)values from low to medium and from me

关键词： shear wave velocity HVSR fault structures groundwater basin Bandar Lampung City

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Soil erosion susceptibility mapping of Hangu Region,Kohat Plateau of Pakistan using GIS and RS-based models

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2547-2561页

作者： Fakhrul ISLAM Liaqat Ali WASEEM Tehmina BIBI Waqar ahmad Muhammad SADIQ Matee ULLAH Walid SOUFAN Aqil TARIQ Department of Geology Khushal Khan Khattak UniversityKarak 27200Pakistan Department of Geography Government College University FaisalabadPunjab 38000Pakistan Institute of Geology The University of Azad Jammu&KashmirMuzaffarabad 13100Pakistan Department of Earth Sciences Changan UniversityXi’an 710003China NCEG University of PeshawarPeshawar 25120Pakistan Faculty of Earth Sciences Geography and AstronomyUniversity of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Plant Production Department College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Wildlife Fisheries and AquacultureCollege of Forest ResourcesMississippi State UniversityMS 39762USA

Soil erosion is a crucial geo-environmental hazard worldwide that affects water quality and agriculture,decreases reservoir storage capacity due to sedimentation,and increases the danger of flooding and ***,this study uses geospatial modeling to produce soil erosion susceptibility maps(SESM)for the Hangu region,Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KPK),*** Hangu region,located in the Kohat Plateau of KPK,Pakistan,is particularly susceptible to soil erosion due to its unique geomorphological and climatic ***,the Hangu region is characterized by a combination of steep slopes,variable rainfall patterns,diverse land use,and distinct soil types,all of which contribute to the complexity and severity of soil erosion *** factors necessitate a detailed and region-specific study to develop effective soil conservation *** this research,we detected and mapped 1013 soil erosion points and prepared 12 predisposing factors(elevation,aspect,slope,Normalized Differentiate Vegetation Index(NDVI),drainage network,curvature,Land Use Land Cover(LULC),rainfall,lithology,contour,soil texture,and road network)of soil erosion using GIS ***,GIS-based statistical models like the weight of evidence(WOE)and frequency ratio(FR)were applied to produce the SESM for the study *** SESM was reclassified into four classes,i.e.,low,medium,high,and very high *** results of WOE for SESM show that 16.39%,33.02%,29.27%,and 21.30%of areas are covered by low,medium,high,and very high zones,*** contrast,the FR results revealed that 16.50%,24.33%,35.55%,and 23.59%of the areas are occupied by low,medium,high,and very high ***,the reliability of applied models was evaluated using the Area Under Curve(AUC)*** validation results utilizing the area under curve showed that the success rate curve(SRC)and predicted rate curve(PRC)for WOE are 82%and 86%,respectively,while SRC and PRC for FR are 85%and 96%,res

关键词： Soil erosion Geospatial technology Statistical models Hangu Pakistan

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Automatic Finding of Brain-Tumour Group Using CNN Segmentation and Moth-Flame-Algorithm,Selected Deep and Handcrafted Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2585-2608页

作者： Imad Saud Al Naimi Syed Alwee Aljunid Syed Junid Muhammad lmran ahmad K.Suresh Manic Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology University Malaysia Perils(UniMAP)Pauh Putra CampusArauPerlis02600Malaysia Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering National University of Science and TechnologyAL HailAL Seeb130Sultanate of Oman Department of Research and Innovation Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)ChennaiTamiNadu602105India

Augmentation of abnormal cells in the brain causes brain tumor(BT),and early screening and treatmentwill reduce its harshness in ***’s clinical level screening is usually performed with Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)due to its multi-modality *** overall aims of the study is to introduce,test and verify an advanced image processing technique with algorithms to automatically extract tumour sections from brain MRI scans,facilitating improved *** research intends to devise a reliable framework for detecting the BT region in the twodimensional(2D)MRI slice,and identifying its class with improved *** methodology for the devised framework comprises the phases of:(i)Collection and resizing of images,(ii)Implementation and Segmentation of Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),(iii)Deep feature extraction,(iv)Handcrafted feature extraction,(v)Moth-Flame-Algorithm(MFA)supported feature reduction,and(vi)Performance *** study utilized clinical-grade brain MRI of BRATS and TCIA datasets for the *** framework segments detected the glioma(low/high grade)and glioblastoma class *** work helped to get a segmentation accuracy of over 98%with VGG-UNet and a classification accuracy of over 98%with the VGG16 *** study has confirmed that the implemented framework is very efficient in detecting the BT in MRI slices with/without the skull section.

关键词： Brain tumour VGG-UNet VGG16 moth-flame-algorithm classification

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A review on marine collagen:sources,extraction methods,colloids properties,and food applications

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胶原与皮革（英文） 2024年第1期6卷 1-27页

作者： Shahzad Farooq Muhammad Ijaz ahmad Shijie Zheng Usman Ali Yang Li Cui Shixiu Hui Zhang Jiaxing Institute of Future Food Jiaxing 314050China College of Biosys-tems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Jiaxing Institute of Future Food Jiaxing 314050China College of Biosys-tems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The growing interest in valorizing industrial by-products has led researchers to focus on exploring different sources and optimizing collagen extraction conditions over the past *** bovine hide,cattle bones,pork,and pig skins remain the most abundant collagen sources,there is a growing trend in the industrial utilization of collagen from non-mammalian *** review explores alternative marine collagen sourcesand summarizes emerging trends in collagen recovery from marine sources,with a particular focus on environmentally friendly ***-tionally,this review covers the colloidal structure-forming properties of marine collagens,including foam,film,gel,and emulsion *** also highlights the potential and important applications of marine collagen in various food *** on the currently reported marine sources,collagens extracted from fish,jellyfish,and sea cucumbers were found to have the highest yield and mostly comprised type-l collagen,while crustaceans and mollusks yielded lower percentages of *** extraction techniques isolate collagen based on acetic acid and pepsin treatment,but they come with drawbacks such as being time-consuming,causing sample destruction,and using ***,marine collagen extracted using conventional methods assisted with ultrasonication resulted in higher yields and strengthened the triple-stranded helical ***,an increasing number of new applications have been found in the food industry for marine collagens,such as biodegradable film-forming materi-als,colloid stabilizers,foaming agents,and micro-encapsulating ***,collagen is a modern foodstuff and is extensively used in the beverage,dairy,and meat industries to increase the stability,consistency,and elasticity of products.

关键词： Marine collagen Jellyfish Sea cucumber Colloid stabilizer Edible film Dairy product

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A review on ultra-small undoped MoS_(2) as advanced catalysts for renewable fuel production

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Carbon Energy 2024年第2期6卷 92-112页

作者： Guoping Liu Lingling Ding Yuxuan Meng ahmad Ali Guifu Zuo Xianguang Meng Kun Chang Oi Lun Li Jinhua Ye Hebei Provincial Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringNorth China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanChina College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjingChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusanKorea International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics(WPIMANA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-1 NamikiTsukubaIbarakiJapan

Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has garnered significant attention in the field of catalysis due to the high density of active sites in its unique two-dimensional(2D)structure,which could be developed into numerous high-performance *** synthesis of ultra-small MoS2 particles(<10 nm)is highly desired in various experimental *** ultra-small structure could often lead to a distinct S-Mo coordination state and nonstoichiometric composition in MoSx,minimizing in-plane active sites of the 2D structure and making it probable to regulate the atomic and electronic structure of its intrinsic active sites on a large extent,especially in MoSx *** article summarizes the recent progress of catalysis over ultra-small undoped MoS_(2) particles for renewable fuel *** a systematic review of their synthesis,structural,and spectral characteristics,as well as the relationship between their catalytic performance and inherent defects,we aim to provide insights into catalysis over this matrix that may potentially enable advancement in the development of high-performance MoS_(2)-based catalysts for sustainable energy generation in the future.

关键词： applications catalytic MoS_(2) structure synthesis

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Interferences in Photodetachment of a Negative Molecular Ion

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2006年第1X期46卷 119-122页

作者： ahmad afaq DU Meng-Li Institute of Theoretical Physics the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The photodetachment of a negative molecular ion is studied theoretically using a two-center model. The detached electron wave function is obtained as a superposition of two coherent waves originating from each center. The photo-detached electron flux is evaluated on a screen placed at a large distance from the negative molecular ion. The electron flux on the screen displays strong interferences, the peak positions are related to the distance between the two centers in the negative molecular ion. We a/so obtained a simple analytical formula for the total photodetachment cross section. It approaches one and two times of the cross section for the one-center system in the high and lowphoton energy limits respectively.

关键词： photodetachment quantum interference

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Assessing forest cover changes and fragmentation in the Himalayan temperate region: implications for forest conservation and management

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 128-141页

作者： Kaleem Mehmood Shoaib ahmad Anees Akhtar Rehman Aqil Tariq Qijing Liu Sultan Muhammad Fazli Rabbi Shao’an Pan Wesam Atef Hatamleh College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Institute of Agriculture Sciences and Forestry University of SwatSwatPakistan Department of Forestry The University of AgricultureDera Ismail Khan 29050Pakistan Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry Forestry CollegeBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Wildlife Fisheries and AquacultureCollege of Forest ResourcesMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762‑9690USA School of Management Tianjin University of CommerceTianjin 300134People’s Republic of China Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 5117811543 RiyadhSaudi Arabia

This study comprehensively assessed long-term vegetation changes and forest fragmentation dynamics in the Himalayan temperate region of Pakistan from 1989 to *** satellite images,including Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager(OLI),were chosen for subsequent assessments in October 1989,2001,2011 and *** classified maps of 1989,2001,2011 and 2019 were created using the maximum likelihood ***-classification comparison showed an overall accuracy of 82.5%and a Kappa coefficient of 0.79 for the 2019 *** revealed a drastic decrease in closed-canopy and open-canopy forests by 117.4 and 271.6 km^(2),respectively,and an increase in agriculture/farm cultivation by 1512.8 km^(2).The two-way ANOVA test showed statistically significant differences in the area of various cover *** fragmentation was evaluated using the Landscape Fragmentation Tool(LFT v2.0)between 1989 and *** large forest core(>2.00 km^(2))decreased from 149.4 to 296.7 km^(2),and a similar pattern was observed in medium forest core(1.00-2.00 km^(2))*** the contrary,the small core(<1.00 km^(2))forest increased from 124.8 to 145.3 km^(2) in *** perforation area increased by 296.9 km^(2),and the edge effect decreased from 458.9 to 431.7 km^(2).The frequency of patches also increased by 119.1 km^(2).The closed and open canopy classes showed a decreasing trend with an annual rate of 0.58%and 1.35%,*** broad implications of these findings can be seen in the studied region as well as other global ecological *** serve as an imperative baseline for afforestation and reforestation operations,highlighting the urgent need for efficient management,conservation,and restoration *** on these findings,sustainable land-use policies may be put into place that support local livelihoods,protect ecosystem services,and conserve biodiversity.

关键词： Natural catastrophes Landsat Change detection Forest fragmentation Landscape fragmentation tool(LFT) Afforestation Reforestation

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Deep Morphea in an Immunosuppressed Patient With Anti-U1RNP Myositis:A Case Report

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第2期7卷 111-114页

作者： ahmad Berjawi Laure L.Irani Jinane R.El Khoury Department of Dermatology Gilbert and Rose Marie Chagoury School of MedicineLebanese American UniversityBeirut 1100Lebanon Department of Rheumatology Division of Internal MedicineGilbert and Rose Marie Chagoury School of MedicineLebanese American University Medical CenterBeirut 1100Lebanon

Introduction:Morphea is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by skin thickening due to increased collagen deposition in the dermis or subcutaneous ***-U1RNP myositis is a newly described entity characterized by myositis,arthritis,interstitial lung disease,and Raynaud *** present a case of a unique combination of deep morphea in a patient with anti-U1RNP *** presentation:A 64-year-old male with 5-year history of proximal muscle weakness,polyarthritis,Raynaud phenomenon,and dyspnea on multiple immunosuppressives presented with localized infiltrated,tight,and hyperpigmented plaques over the posterior thighs and mid-to-lower back developing over the last 2 years and limiting his *** workup revealed a positive ANA,anti-U1RNP antibody,anti-Jo1 antibody,and anti-Ro52 *** workup showed restrictive lung disease,kidney disease,and *** was diagnosed with anti-U1RNP *** biopsy of the back lesion showed deep ***:Association of deep morphea with anti-U1RNP myositis is not described prior in the *** of morphea is challenging since the patient is already on immunosuppressive *** patient failed methotrexate prior and is currently on Mycophenolate mofetil and Deflazacort which are reported as potential treatment for ***,physical therapy plus topical Tacrolimus were suggested as an initial measure to preserve the range of motion of his posterior thighs and *** is a case of progressive deep morphea developing in a patient with a unique autoimmune profile on immunosuppressive ***:Anti-U1RNP myositis is a challenging diagnosis and should be always thought of in patients with positive anti-U1RNP,myositis,interstitial lung disease,arthritis,kidney disease,and Raynaud ***,deep morphea treatment in immunosuppressed patients is challenging and different measures should be considered.

关键词： deep morphea immunosuppression anti-U1RNP myositis case report

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