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Quantitative estimation of the shrub canopy LAI from atmosphere-corrected HJ-1 CCD data in Mu Us Sandland

Science china earth {2. 2010年第S1期53卷 26-33页

作者： CHEN Wei1,2.CAO ChunXiang1,HE QiSheng1,2.GUO HuaDong3,ZHANG Hao1,2.LI RenQiang4,ZHENG Sheng1,2.XU Min1,2.GAO MengXu1,2.ZHAO Jian1,2.LI Sha1,NI XiLiang1,2.JIA HuiCong1,JI Wei1,TIAN Rong1,2.LIU Cheng1,2.ZHAO YuXing5 & LI JingLu6 1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese academy of sciences and Beijing Normal {2.,Beijing 100101,china 2.Graduate {2. of Chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100049,china 3 center for earth Observation and Digital earth,Chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100190,china 4 china Key Laboratory of Ecological Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources research,Chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100101,china 5 Ordos Forestry Sand Control Science Institute,Dongsheng 017000,china 6 Inner Mongolia Biomass Thermoelectricity Limited Company,Wushen 017300,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 China 2. Graduate university of Chinese academy of {2. Beijing 100049 China 3. center for earth Observation and Digital earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China 4. china Key Laboratory of Ecological Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 5. Ordos Forestry Sand Control Science Institute Dongsheng 017000 China 6. Inner Mongolia Biomass Thermoelectricity Limited Company Wushen 017300 China

The leaf area index(LAI) is an important ecological parameter that characterizes the interface between vegetation canopy and the *** addition,it is used by most process-oriented ecosystem *** paper investigates the potential of HJ-1 CCD data combined with linear spectral unmixing and an inverted geometric-optical model for the retrieval of the shrub LAI in Wushen Banner of Inner Mongolia in the Mu Us ***(Moderate Resolution Atmospheric Radiance and Transmittance Model) was used for atmospheric *** was extracted using the threshold of the normalized difference vegetation index,with which water bodies and farmland were separated,in combination with a vegetation map of the People's Republic of china(1:1000000).Using the geometric-optical model,we derive the per-pixel reflectance as a simple linear combination of two components,namely sunlit background and *** fraction of sunlit background is related to the shrub *** the support of HJ-1 CCD data,we employ linear spectral unmixing to obtain the fraction of sunlit background in an atmospherically corrected HJ *** addition,we use the measured shrub canopy structural parameters for shrub communities to invert the geometric-optical model and retrieve the pixel-based shrub *** total,18 sample plots collected in Wushen Banner of Inner Mongolia are used for *** results of the shrub LAI show good agreement with R2.of 0.817 and a root-mean-squared error of 0.173.

关键词： shrub leaf area index inversion HJ-1 data geometric-optical model MODTRAN Mu Us Sandland

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Petrology and tectonic significance of the early Mesozoic granulite xenoliths from the eastern Inner Mongolia, china

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Science china earth {2. 2011年第10期54卷 1484-1491页

作者： SHAO JiAn 1,2.& WEI ChunJing 1 1 The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Ministry of Education School of earth and Space sciences, Peking {2., Beijing 100871, china 2.Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., china 1. The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution Ministry of Education School of earth and Space sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China2. Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Granulite xenoliths are found in the early Mesozoic diorite intrusions from Chifeng and Ningcheng areas, eastern Inner Mongolia. The granulites are granoblastic and weakly gneissic with mineral assemblage of hypersthene, diopside, plagioclase and minor biotite, amphibole and ilmenite. Some samples contain the intergrowth composed of labradorite and vermicular hypersthene, and some coarse-grained plagioclases of andesine and labradorite composition occasionally develop bytownite rims with vermicular hypersthene, indicating a possible presence of garnet. Presence of blastogabbroic texture and hypersthene with diopside exsolution lamellae in some samples suggests that the protolith of the granulite is norite or gabbro. On the basis of metamorphic research and thermobaric calculation, the evolution of the granulite xenoliths is summarized into the following stages: (1) Isobaric cooling of underplated noritic or gabbroic magma in the lower crust led to the formation of probable garnet-bearing medium-high pressure granulite. (2. These higher pressure granulites were adiabatically uplifted to upper crust by dioritic magma and transformed to low pressure two-pyroxene granulite during an isothermal decompression. (3) The two-pyroxene granulite underwent retrograde metamorphism of different degrees during an isobaric cooling process as a result of crystallization and cooling of the dioritic magma. The pyroxenite-dominated cumulates and the medium-high pressure granulites may have rejuvenated the lower crust during the early Mesozoic.

关键词： early Mesozoic granulite xenolith lower crust North china Craton

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Simulation studies of high-latitude magnetospheric boundary dynamics

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2004年第4期47卷 421-435页

作者： PU Zuyin1, SHI Quanqi1,3, XIAO Chijie1, FU Suiyan1, ZHANG Hui1,2. ZONG Qiugang2.& LIU Zhenxing3 1. School of earth and Space sciences, Peking {2., Beijing 100871, china 2. center for Space Physics, Boston {2., 72. Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02.15, USA 3. center for Space Science and Application research, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100080, china 1. School of earth and Space sciences Peking University 100871 Beijing China 2. center for Space Science and Application research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China 3. center for Space Physics Boston University 725 Commonwealth Avenue 02215 Boston MA USA

Magnetic reconnection at the high-latitude magnetopause is studied using 2.5-dimensional Hall-MHD simulation. Concentric flow vortices and magnetic islands appear when both Hall effect and sheared flow are considered. Plasma mixing across the magnetopause occurs in the presence of the flow vortices. Reconnected structure generated in the vicinity of the subsolar point changes its geometry with increasing flow shear while moving to high latitudes. In the presence of flow shear, with the Hall-MHD reconnection a higher reconnection rate than with the traditional MHD is obtained. The out-of-plane components of flow and magnetic field produced by the Hall current are redistributed under the action of the flow shear, which makes the plasma transport across the boundaries more complicated. The simulation results provide some help in understanding the dynamic processes at the high latitude magnetopause.

关键词： magnetopause, entry layer, magnetic reconnection, vortex reconnection, Hall effect, flow shear.

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Microcosmic analysis of ductile shearing zones of coal seams of brittle deformation domain in superficial lithosphere

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Science china earth {2. 2004年第5期47卷 393-404页

作者： JU Yiwen1,2. WANG Guiliang2. JIANG Bo2.& HOU Quanlin1 1. Graduate School, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, {2. 2. College of Mineral Resources and Geosciences, {2. university of Mining & technology, Xuzhou 2.1008, {2. Chinese Acad Sci Grad Sch Beijing 100039 Peoples R China china Univ Min & Technol Coll Mineral Resources & Geosci Xuzhou 221008 Peoples R China

The ductile shearing zones of coal seams in a brittle deformation domain in super-ficial lithosphere are put forward based on the study on bedding shearing and ductile rheology of coal seams. The macrocosmic and microcosmic characteristics include wrinkle fold, mymonitized zones and ductile planar structure of coal seams, etc., while the microcosmic characteristics may also include different optic-axis fabrics and the anisotropy of vitrinite reflectance as well as the change of chemical structure and organic geochemistry components. The forming mechanism is analyzed and the strain environment of ductile shearing zones of coal seams discussed. The result indicates that, in the superficial brittle deformation domain, the coal seams are easy to be deformed, resulting in not only brittle deformation but also ductile shearing deformation under the action of force. Because of simple shearing stress, the interlayer gliding or ductile rheology may take place between coal seams and wall rocks. Therefore, many ductile shearing zones come into being in superficial lithosphere (research on ductile shearing zone of brittle de-formation domain in superficial lithosphere is significant not only theoretically for the study of ductile shearing and ductile rheology of the lithosphere but also practically for the structural movement of coal seams, the formation and accumulation of coal-bed methane, and the preven-tion and harness of gas burst in coal mine.

关键词： brittle deformation domain, interlayer gliding, ductile rheology, ductile shearing zones of coal seams, coal mymonite, vitrinite reflectance anisotropy.

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Response of remotely sensed Normalized Difference Water Deviation Index to the 2.06 Drought of eastern Sichuan Basin

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Science china earth {2. 2008年第5期51卷 748-758页

作者： ZHANG WenJiang1, LU QiFeng2. GAO ZhiQiang3 & PENG Jian4 1 School of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan university, Chengdu 610065, china 2.National Satellite Meteorological {2., china Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 3 Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources research, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, china 4 School of Environmental sciences, Peking university, Beijing 100871, china 1. School of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China 2. National Statellite Meteorological center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China 3. Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 4. School of Environmental sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

One of the most serious droughts in last century occurred in eastern Sichuan Basin in the summer of 2.06 (hereinafter called the Drought). The response of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, boarding on NASA satellites of Terra and Aqua) to the Drought was analyzed in order to reach one practicable monitoring solution for regional soil moisture. Temporal process and spatial extension of the Drought were firstly estimated with ground meteorological and hydrological observations. Then, for the whole region of Sichuan and Chongqing, the remotely sensed Normalized Difference Water In- dex (NDWI) for the summers of 2.01―2.06 were calculated based on 8-day composite MODIS products, which were further used to construct a new water index (Normalized Difference Water Deviation Index, NDWDI) to examine the sensitivity of remote sensing in the Drought. The study showed that the NDWDI is more sensitive to regional drought than other absolute-soil-moisture-based indices. With the new index, the study extracted the spatial-temporal characteristics of the 2.06 Drought, and explored its developing and withdrawing processes, which agreed with related statistics. Compared with ground method of drought observation, the NDWDI-based remote sensing solution of this paper is more pref- erable and practicable in that the local soil properties of water consumption and supply are implicitly taken into account, and the spatial representativity limit of ground observation is circumvented to a degree as satellite remotely senses the earth surface in a way of two-dimensional pixel matrix. So, the NDWDI-based method can be used to monitor regional soil water stress situation more practically and efficiently.

关键词： Sichuan Basin drought Normalized Difference Water Deviation Index response of remote sensing regional scale

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Seismic wave propagating in Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic media

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Science china earth {2. 2006年第2期49卷 147-153页

作者： YUAN Chunfang1, PENG Suping1, ZHANG Zhongjie2.& LIU Zhenkuan3 1. china university of Mining & {2., Beijing 100083, china 2. Institute of Geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, china 3. Exploration and Development research Institute of Daqing Oilfield, Daqing 163712. china 1. china university of Mining & {2. Beijing 100083 China 2. Institute of Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 3. Exploration and Development research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Daqing 163712 China

This paper studies, under a small disturbance, the responses of seismic transient wave in the visco-elastic media and the analytic solution of the corresponding third-order partial differential equation. A plane wave solution of Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic third-order partial differ-ential equation with a pulse source is obtained. By the principle of pulse stacking of particle vibration, the result is extended to the solution of Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic third-order partial differential equation with any source. The velocities of seismic wave propagating and the attenuation of seismic wave in Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic media are discussed. The velocities of seismic wave propagating and the coefficient of attenuation of seismic wave in Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic media are derived, expressed as functions of density of the media, elastic modulus and visco-elastic coefficient. These results can be applied in inversing lithology parameters in geophysical prospecting.

关键词： Kelvin-Voigt visco-elastic velocity attenuation seismic wave.

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The effect of hydrogen on the electronic structure of kink in bcc iron

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 1212-1218页

作者： CHEN LiQun1,QIU ZhengChen1,YU Tao2.& WANG ChongYu2.3,4 1 College of sciences,Central South university of Forestry and {2.,Changsha 410004,china 2.Central Iron and Steel research Institute,Beijing 100081,china 3 Department of Physics,Tsinghua university,Beijing 100084,china 4 International center for Materials Physics,Chinese academy of sciences,Shenyang 110016,china 1. College of sciences Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China 2. Central Iron and Steel research Institute Beijing 100081 China 3. Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 4. International center for Materials Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

The electronic structures of kinks in the [100](010) and 1/2.111](-110) edge dislocations in bcc iron containing hydrogen are investigated by means of the first-principles DMol method and the discrete variational *** effects of hydrogen on the kinks are *** results show that hydro-gen forms weak bonding states with its neighboring host atoms,and since hydrogen draws charge from its neighboring host atoms,the interactions between most of the host atoms are weakened com-pared with those of the corresponding atomic pairs in the clean *** indicates that the migration of kink,*** motion of dislocation,is easier in the doping hydrogen kink than in the clean kink,which may be the solid solution softening effect resulting from the impurity hydrogen.

关键词： electronic structure dislocation kink impurity

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Molecular dynamics simulation of kink in 〈100〉 edge dislocation in body centred cubic iron

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第16期52卷 2291-2296页

作者： CHEN LiQun1,2.WANG ChongYu2.3,4 & YU Tao2.1 College of sciences,Central South university of Forestry & {2.,Changsha 410004,china 2.Central Iron and Steel research Institute,Beijing 100081,china 3 Department of Physics,Tsinghua university,Beijing 100084,china 4 International center for Materials Physics,Chinese academy of sciences,Shenyang 110016,china College of sciences Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China

Using the molecular dynamics method,we have constructed two kink models corresponding to the 〈100〉{010} and 〈100〉{011} edge dislocations (EDs) in body centred cubic (bcc) Fe. It is found that the geometric structure of a kink depends on the type of edge dislocation and the structural energies of the atoms sites in the dislocation core region. The formation energies,migration energies and widths of the kinks in different types of EDs are calculated. The results show that formation and migration of the kink in the 〈100〉{010} edge dislocation are difficult. The 〈100〉{011} edge dislocation moves primarily through kink nucleation,rather than kink migration.

关键词：分子动力学边缘位移铁纽结结构

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Organic Solvents Mediate Self-assembly of GAV-9 Peptide on Mica Surface

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第4期39卷 285-289页

作者： Hai LI~(1,3) Feng ZHANG~1 Yi ZHANG~1* Jianhua HE~1 Jun HU~(1,2. 1 Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese academy of sciences,Shanghai 2.1800,{2. 2.Bio-X Life sciences research center.College of Life Science and Biotechnology,Shanghai Jiaotong university,Shanghai 2.0030,{2. 3 Graduate School of the Chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100049,{2. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800 China Graduate School of the Chinese academy of sciencesBeijing 100049 China Bio-X Life sciences research {2. College of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200030 China

Self-assembly of peptides into fibrils and other morphologies has attracted much attention inmany fields,especially in nanofabrication,pathology and *** this paper,self-assembly of GAV-9peptide in organic solvents,ethanol and acetone,was investigated using atomic force microscopy(AFM)and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR).The results indicatedthat GAV-9 self-assembled into various nanostructures in both solvents after deposited and evaporated *** with β-sheet conformation were observed in both solvents when the peptide concentrationwas higher than 2.0 μ***,ordered fibrils with β-sheet conformation were formed in ethanol,butnot in acetone,with a peptide concentration ranging from 7 μM to 2. μ*** attribute the formation ofvarious nanostructures to the different physicochemical properties of the polar organic solvents on the self-assembly of GAV-9 peptide.

关键词： self-assembly GAV-9 peptide organic solvents ATR-FTIR AFM

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Principle of small target detection for hyperspectral imagery

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Science china earth {2. 2007年第8期50卷 1225-1231页

作者： GENG XiuRui1,2.3 & ZHAO YongChao2.3,4 1 research center for Remote Sensing and GIS, Department of Geography, Beijing Normal {2., Beijing 100875, china 2.State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, china 3 Institute of Erectronics, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100080, china 4 center for for Assessment and Monitoring of Forest and Environmental Resources and Division of Ecosystem sciences {2. of California Berkeley, CA 9472.-3114, USA 1. research center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 3. Institute of Erectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China 4. center for for Assessment and Monitoring of Forest and Environmental Resources and Division of Ecosystem sciences University of California Berkeley CA 94720-3114 USA

This paper generalizes the progress of algorithms in small target detection for hyperspectral imaging, and finds that whitening the image is the key point of many methods in small target detection. An al-gorithm is presented to detect desired targets by converting large targets into small ones based on the weighted sample autocorrelation matrix.

关键词： hyperspectral whiten target detection

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