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Physiologically based microenvironment for in vitro neural differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells

World Journal of Stem Cells 2018年第3期10卷 23-33页

作者： adriana carol eleonora graziano Rosanna Avola Vincenzo Perciavalle Ferdinando Nicoletti Gianluca Cicala Marinella Coco Venera Cardile Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences Section of Physiology University of Catania Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences Section of Pathology and OncologyUniversity of Catania Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania

The limited capacity of nervous system to promote a spontaneous regeneration and the high rate of neurodegenerative diseases appearance are keys factors that stimulate researches both for defining the molecular mechanisms of pathophysiology and for evaluating putative strategies to induce neural tissue regeneration. In this latter aspect, the application of stem cells seems to be a promising approach, even if the control of their differentiation and the maintaining of a safe state of proliferation should be troubled. Here, we focus on adipose tissue-derived stem cells and we seek out the recent advances on the promotion of their neural differentiation, performing a critical integration of the basic biology and physiology of adipose tissuederived stem cells with the functional modifications that the biophysical, biomechanical and biochemical microenvironment induces to cell phenotype. The pre-clinical studies showed that the neural differentiation by cell stimulation with growth factors benefits from the integration with biomaterials and biophysical interaction like microgravity. All these elements have been reported as furnisher of microenvironments with desirable biological, physical and mechanical properties. A critical review of current knowledge is here proposed, underscoring that a real advance toward a stable, safe and controllable adipose stem cells clinical application will derive from a synergic multidisciplinary approach that involves material engineer, basic cell biology, cell and tissue physiology.

关键词： Adipose stem cells Biomaterials Neurodegeneration Neural differentiation Physiological microenvironment

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Bridging the gap:Unveiling the crisis of physical inactivity in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1261-1265页

作者： Remus Stafie Ana-Maria Singeap Adrian Rotaru carol Stanciu Anca Trifan Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine“Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology “St.Spiridon”University HospitalIasi 700111Romania

In this editorial we comment on the article titled“Inflammatory bowel diseases patients suffer from significant low levels and barriers to physical activity:The BE-FIT-IBD study”published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroen-terology 2023;29(41):5668-5682.Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)are emerging as a significant global health concern as their incidence continues to rise on a global scale,with detrimental impacts on quality of life.While many advances have been made regarding the management of the disease,physical inactivity in these patients represents an underexplored issue that may hold the key for further and better understanding the ramifications of IBD.Chronic pain,fatigue,and fear of exacerbating symptoms promotes physical inactivity among IBD patients,while the lack of clear guidelines on safe exercise regimens contributes to a norm of physical inactivity.Physical activity(PA)is accepted to have a positive effect on disease outcomes and quality of life,while inactivity exacerbates comorbidities like cardiovascular disease and mental health disorders.The“BE-FIT-IBD”study,focusing on PA levels and barriers in IBD patients of Southern Italy,revealed that a significant proportion(42.9%)were physically inactive.This lack of PA is attributed to barriers such as fear of flare-ups and misconceptions about exercise exacerbating the disease.The study also highlighted the need for better communication between healthcare providers and patients regarding the benefits of PA and safe incorporation into lifestyles.Moreover,physical inactivity may also contribute to disability in IBD patients,having a great impact on employment status.Of note is the fact that IBD also comes with an important psychological burden with relevant evidence suggesting that regular PA can improve mood,reduce anxiety,and enhance mental health.The“BE-FIT-IBD”study advocated for the integration of PA into IBD management,emphasizing the bidirectional link between PA and IBD.Regular exercise can influence the course of IBD,potentiall

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Physical activity Disability Psychological burden Body composition Quality of life

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Repeatability,interocular correlation and agreement of optic nerve head vessel density in healthy eyes:a sweptsource optical coherence tomographic angiography study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 896-903页

作者： Dan-Qi Fang Da-Wei Yang Xiao-Ting Mai carol Y Cheung Hao-Yu Chen Joint Shantou International Eye Center Shantou University&the Chinese University of Hong KongShantou 515041Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

AIM:To assess the repeatability,interocular correlation,and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in healthy subjects.METHODS:Thir ty-three healthy subjects were enrolled.The ONH of both eyes were imaged four times by a swept-source-OCTA using a 3 mm×3 mm scanning protocol.Images of the radial peripapillary capillary were analyzed by a customized Matlab program,and the vessel density,fractal dimension,and vessel diameter index were measured.The repeatability of the four scans was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).The most well-centered optic disc from the four repeated scans was then selected for the interocular correlation and agreement analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient,ICC and Bland-Altman plots.RESULTS:All swept-source-OCTA ONH parameters exhibited certain repeatability,with ICC>0.760 and coefficient of variation(CoV)≤7.301%.The obvious interocular correlation was observed for papillary vessel density(ICC=0.857),vessel diameter index(ICC=0.857)and fractal dimension(ICC=0.906),while circumpapillary vessel density exhibited moderate interocular correlation(ICC=0.687).Bland-Altman plots revealed an agreement range of-5.26%to 6.21%for circumpapillary vessel density.CONCLUSION:OCTA ONH parameters demonstrate good repeatability in healthy subjects.The interocular correlations of papillary vessel density,fractal dimension and vessel diameter index are high,but the correlation for circumpapillary vessel density is moderate.

关键词： interocular correlation repeatability optic nerve head optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density

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女性商学院院长增多缩小性别差距

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商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第5期 14-15页

作者： carol Hymowitz 汪泽(译) 不详

在美国商学院中,担任领导职务的女性和男性之间的差距一直在缩小,特别是越来越多的女性被提拔到有望担任院长的后备职位上。据美国精英商学院协会(Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business,简筒称AACSB)的一项研究,2023-... 详细信息

在美国商学院中,担任领导职务的女性和男性之间的差距一直在缩小,特别是越来越多的女性被提拔到有望担任院长的后备职位上。据美国精英商学院协会(Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business,简筒称AACSB)的一项研究,2023-2024年,美国368所商学院的女院长占总数的30%。这比2007-08年的17%有所提高。

关键词：领导职务 AACSB 商学院性别差距

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Associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and academic achievement in Australian primary school-aged children

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 521-529页

作者： Amanda Watson Dorothea Dumuid carol Maher Tim Olds Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity(ARENA)Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSA5001Australia

Background:Few studies have investigated associations between academic achievement and meeting recommendations from the 24-hour(24-h)movement guidelines.The specific guidelines associated with the most benefit academic achievement are unknown.Utilizing both self-report and objective movement data,this study examined associations between academic achievement and meeting individual recommendations and combinations of recommendations from the 24-h movement guidelines(sleep,physical activity,and screen time).Methods:Data from CheckPoint,a cross-sectional study nested between Waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children,were used.Movement behaviors were measured using 24-h wrist-worn accelerometry(GENEActiv(Activinsights,Kimbolton,UK))and were selfreported by children using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adolescents.Academic achievement was measured using a nationally administered standardized test in literacy and numeracy.Analysis of covariance,with t tests with sequential Bonferroni adjustments,was used to compare academic achievement with all possible combinations of meeting recommendations,adjusting for demographic confounders.Two models were considered:guideline compliance assessed by self-report(n=1270,mean age=11.99 years,52%males)and by accelerometry(for moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA)and sleep))and self-report(screen time)in combination(n=927,mean age=11.97 years,52%males).Results:Literacy achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=3.08,p=0.003)and accelerometer derived(F_((7,915))=2.40,p=0.02)guideline compliance.Numeracy achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=2.92,p=0.005)but not accelerometer derived guideline compliance(F_((7,915))=0.80,p=0.58).When assessed by self-report,children who met all guidelines(t_((334))=-4.05,p=0.0001)or met the screen time and sleep guidelines in combination(t_((125))=-5.02,p<0.001)had superior literacy achievement.Meeting the self-report MVPA guideline in any comb

关键词： Academic achievement Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep

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Head and neck cancer readmission reduction(HANCARRE)project:Reducing 30-day readmissions

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第2期8卷 158-166页

作者： Sara Yang William Adams carol Bier-Laning Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Loyola University Medical CenterMaywoodIllinoisUSA Department of Public Health Sciences Loyola University ChicagoMaywoodIllinoisUSA

Objective:Unplanned 30-day readmissions result in increased costs and decreased patient satisfaction.The objective of this study was to compare readmission rates before and after a multidisciplinary quality improvement initiative that focused on patient and staff education,use of targeted skilled nursing facilities,and appropriate use of patient observation status.Methods:This was a quality improvement study of all unplanned admissions to the Head and Neck Oncology service at a tertiary care facility during a 3-year period between October 2015 and September 2018.In October 2016,the Head and Neck Oncology service revised its discharge practices for patients undergoing extirpative and/or reconstructive surgery.These changes included enhancing patient education,increasing the use of a skilled nursing facility with directed staff education and patient handoffs by advanced practice nurses,and appropriate utilization of 23-h observation status for returning patients.The readmission rate from the pre-intervention era(October 2015 through September 2016)was compared to the readmission rate from the post-intervention era(October 2016 through September 2018).Secondary outcomes were the rates of 23-h observation within 30 days of the discharge as well as emergency room visits within 30 days of discharge.Results:In this sample of 449 patients,161(35.9%)were observed before the change-in-practice(before October 2016),and 288(64.1%)were observed following the change-in-practice(after September 2016).On univariable analysis,the risk of readmission declined by approximately 41.4%from the pre-intervention era,though this conclusion was not statistically significant(P=0.06).On multivariable analysis,patients at moderate or high risk of death were 2.31 times more likely than those at minor risk of death to readmit within 30 days(P=0.03).Similarly,those with recurrent or persistent cancer were 3.33 times more likely than those undergoing initial curative surgical management of cancer to readmit within 30 days(P=0.001).No patient cha

关键词： 30-day readmissions head and neck oncology healthcare utilization

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The total amount of fluid administered is associated with postoperative complications in head and neck cancer surgery

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第4期9卷 288-294页

作者： Andrea Ziegler Erin carollo Wiliam Adams carol Bier-Laning Department of Otolaryngology Loyola University Medical CenterMaywoodIlinoisUSA Department of Otolaryngology Stritch School of MedicineLoyola University Medical CenterIllinoisMaywoodUSA Department of Public Health Sciences Loyola University Medical CenterMaywoodIllinoisUSA

Objective:Patients with head and neck cancer often undergo extensive ablative and reconstructive surgery.Many risk factors are unalterable,but some operative variables are possible to adjust.The goal of this study was to estimate the association between operative variables and the incidence of perioperative complications in a contemporary tertiary care university‐based head and neck patient population and a Veteran Administration hospital head and neck patient population from an earlier time period.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent major head and neck surgery.Results:Two‐hundred‐two university patients and 122 veteran patients were reviewed.On multivariable analysis,the total amount of intravenous(IV)fluid received during the procedure was associated with postoperative complications as were patients’weight,American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)score,and adult comorbidity evaluation‐27(ACE‐27)score.These associations did not depend on whether the patient was treated at the university or veteran hospital.Conclusion:Our study suggests that the odds of a postoperative complication increase as the total amount of IV fluid increases.

关键词： ACE‐27 score ASA complications head and neck cancer intraoperative fluids

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Vulnerability analysis of the Chinese coupled aviation and high-speed railway network

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第12期35卷 189-199页

作者： Yiqiao WANG Xianbin CAO Fangyun QIN Lu(carol)TONG School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Information Engineering Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100191China

The integrated aviation and High-Speed Railway(HSR)transportation system plays a vital role for today’s inter-city transportation services.However,an increasing number of unexpected disruptions(such as operation failures,natural disasters,or intentional attacks)pose a considerable threat to the normal operation of the system,especially on ground transfer,leading to the extensive research on its vulnerability.Previous approaches mainly focus on interruptions within a single transportation mode,neglecting the role of ground transfer which serves as a coupled connection between aviation and High-Speed Railway.This paper proposes a network-based framework for evaluating the vulnerability of the Chinese Coupled Aviation and High-Speed Railway(CAHSR)network from the viewpoint of ground transfer interruption.Taking the end-to-end travel time and passenger flow information into consideration as an evaluation measure and analyzing from the perspective of urban agglomerations,an adaptive method is developed to identify the critical cities and further investigate their failure impacts on the geographic distribution of vulnerability.In addition,the proposed model explores variations of vulnerability under different failure time intervals.Based on the empirical study,some major conclusions are highlighted as follows:(A)Only a few cities show significant impacts on the network’s vulnerability when ground transfer interruptions occurred.(B)The distribution of vulnerability is not proportional to the distance between failure city and influenced city.(C)The vulnerability is more serious in the morning and evening when the ground transfer is disconnected.Our findings may provide new insights for maintenance and optimization of the CAHSR network and other real-world transportation networks.

关键词： Air transportation Complex networks Railway network Transfer Vulnerability

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生物学、命运、摄影:戴安·阿勃丝的差异性

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世界美术 2024年第2期 53-65页

作者：卡罗尔·阿姆斯特朗洪枫(译) 耶鲁大学艺术史北京大学新闻与传播学院

序起初是罅隙。罅隙区分了光与暗、男与女、物种与物种、个体与个体、特殊性与特殊性。罅隙滋生更多的裂缝;差异繁衍更多的分歧。罅隙无休止地变异、激增,遍布整个世界,直至世界充满裂缝,成为一个无限的、无等级编号、无可精简的差异集... 详细信息

序起初是罅隙。罅隙区分了光与暗、男与女、物种与物种、个体与个体、特殊性与特殊性。罅隙滋生更多的裂缝;差异繁衍更多的分歧。罅隙无休止地变异、激增,遍布整个世界,直至世界充满裂缝,成为一个无限的、无等级编号、无可精简的差异集。而摄影生于这罅隙,它的命运是在白与灰中找到黑,复制差异,再现罅隙。

关键词：男与女摄影生物学罅隙差异性特殊性命运

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Digital ID framework for human-centric monitoring and control of smart buildings

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Building Simulation 2022年第10期15卷 1709-1728页

作者： Min Deng Xi Wang Da Li carol C.Menassa Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Glenn Department of Civil Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA

Smart offices can help employers attract and retain talented people and can positively impact well-being and productivity.Thanks to emerging technologies and increased computational power,smart buildings with a specific focus on personal experience are gaining attraction.Real-time monitoring and estimation of the human states are key to achieving individual satisfaction.Although some studies have incorporated real-time data into the buildings to predict occupants’indoor experience(e.g.,thermal comfort and work engagement),a detailed framework to integrate personal prediction models with building systems has not been well studied.Therefore,this paper proposes a framework to predict and track the real-time states of each individual and assist with decision-making(e.g.,room assignment and indoor environment control).The core idea of the framework is to distinguish individuals by a new concept of Digital ID(DID),which is then integrated with recognition,prediction,recommendation,visualization,and feedback systems.The establishment of the DID database is discussed and a systematic prediction methodology to determine occupants’indoor comfort is developed.Based on the prediction results,the Comfort Score Index(CSI)is proposed to give recommendations regarding the best-fit rooms for each individual.In addition,a visualization platform is developed for real-time monitoring of the indoor environment.To demonstrate the framework,a case study is presented.The thermal sensation is considered the reference for the room allocation,and two groups of people are used to demonstrate the framework in different scenarios.For one group of people,it is assumed that they are existing occupants with personal DID databases.People in another group are considered the new occupants without any personal database,and the public database is used to give initial guesses about their thermal sensations.The results show that the recommended rooms can provide better thermal environments for the occupants compared to the randomly assigned rooms.Furth

关键词： smart office digital ID(DID) comfort prediction space recommendation human-centric monitoring real-time visualization

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