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Advantages of a Biomimetic Stiffness Profile in Pitching Flexible Fin Propulsion

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2010年第2期7卷 113-119页

作者： Paul Riggs adrian Bowyer Julian Vincent Biomimetics Group Mechanical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of Bath

The use of oscillating flexible fins in propulsion has been the subject of several studies in recent years, but attention israrely paid to the specific role of stiffness profile in thrust *** profile is defined as the variation in localchordwise bending stiffness (EI) of a fin, from leading to trailing *** this study, flexible fins with a standard NACA0012shape were tested alongside fins with a stiffness profile mimicking that of a Pumpkinseed Sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus).The finswere oscillated with a pitching sinusoidal motion over a range of frequencies and amplitudes, while torque, lateral force andstatic thrust were *** the range of oscillation parameters tested, it was shown that the fin with a biomimetic stiffness profile offered a significantimprovement in static thrust, compared to a fin of similar dimensions with a standard NACA0012 aerofoil *** fin also produced thrust more consistently over each oscillation cycle.A comparison of fin materials of different stiffness showed that the improvement was due to the stiffness profile itself, andwas not simply an effect of altering the overall stiffness of the *** of the same stiffness profile were observed to follow thesame thrust-power curve, independent of the stiffness of the moulding *** fins were shown to produce up to26% greater thrust per watt of input power, within the experimental range.

关键词： biomimetic propulsion stiffness pitching flexible fin

On sustaining the ecology and livestock industry of the Bayanbuluk Grasslands

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Journal of Arid Land 2010年第1期2卷 57-63页

作者： adrian R WILLIAMS Pendragon Dryland Management Services

A short visit to the Bayanbuluk Grassland in the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, PRC, revealed a number of environmental and livestock production problems, including grassland degradation, loss of grassland biodiversity, soil erosion and flash flooding downstream, decreased pasture productivity, and poor livestock nutrition (especially in winter) leading to stock losses and flocks and herds of low productivity. This paper describes those problems and then suggests some solutions. Short duration, high intensity grazing could be one of the solutions to both improving grassland condition and improving livestock nutrition. Local production of fodder crops for feeding in winter and spring deserves testing, using adapted strains of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and trialling fodder root crop production. It is important to realise that the land management objectives of scientists, administrators, herders and farmers may be similar, and that there are opportunities for land improvement through working together.

关键词： Bayanbuluk Grasslands Tianshan Mountains reversing grassland degradation improving livestock productivity

A techno-economic and life cycle assessment for the production of green methanol from CO_(2): catalyst and process bottlenecks

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 255-266页

作者： Tomas Cordero-Lanzac adrian Ramirez Alberto Navajas Lieven Gevers Sirio Brunialti Luis MGandía Andrés T.Aguayo S.Mani Sarathy Jorge Gascon Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)PO Box 64448080 BilbaoSpain King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST Catalysis Center(KCC)Advanced Catalytic MaterialsThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Department of Science Public University of Navarre(UPNA)Arrosadía Campus s/n31006 PamplonaSpain Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics(InaMat2) Universidad Pública de Navarra(UPNA)Edificio Jerónimo de AyanzCampus de ArrosadiaPamplona-Iruña 31006Spain King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Clean Combustion Research Center(CCRC)Thuwal 23955Saudi Arabia

The success of catalytic schemes for the large-scale valorization of CO_(2) does not only depend on the development of active,selective and stable catalytic materials but also on the overall process *** we present a multidisciplinary study(from catalyst to plant and techno-economic/lifecycle analysis)for the production of green methanol from renewable H2 and CO_(2).We combine an in-depth kinetic analysis of one of the most promising recently reported methanol-synthesis catalysts(InCo)with a thorough process simulation and techno-economic *** then perform a life cycle assessment of the simulated process to gauge the real environmental impact of green methanol production from CO_(2).Our results indicate that up to 1.75 ton of CO_(2) can be abated per ton of produced methanol only if renewable energy is used to run the process,while the sensitivity analysis suggest that either rock-bottom H2 prices(1.5$kg1)or severe CO_(2) taxation(300$per ton)are needed for a profitable methanol ***,we herein highlight and analyze some critical bottlenecks of the *** attention has been paid to the contribution of H2 to the overall plant costs,CH4 trace formation,and purity and costs of raw *** addition to providing important information for policy makers and industrialists,directions for catalyst(and therefore process)improvements are outlined.

关键词： CO_(2) Methanol Kinetic modeling Process simulation Life cycle assessment

Combined non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes in severely obese patients-medium term effects of sleeve gastrectomy versus Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass on disease markers

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第6期11卷 795-807页

作者： Franck Billmann Sherehan El Shishtawi Tom Bruckner Mostafa ElSheikh Beat Peter Muller-Stich adrian Billeter Department of Surgery University Hospital of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Informatik Universität HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Department of General Surgery El-Gharbia GovenorateTantaEl gash St.Medical CampusThe Faculty of MedicineTantaEgypt

Background:We aimed to evaluate the medium-term efficacy of sleeve gastrectomy(SG)***-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)on remission of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:We identified severely obese patients[body mass index(BMI)>35 kg/m^(2)]with NAFLD(as defined by the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery Study)and T2DM(as defined by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinology)who underwent SG or RYGB in a single university surgical *** cohorts were match-paired and data were analysed after at least 3 years of follow *** key outcomes measured were:(I)the improvement of liver function tests and NAFLD markers;(II)glycemic control and insulin ***:Ninety-six patients were investigated;44(45.8%)were *** mean pre-operative BMI was 45.2 kg/m2 in the SG and 42.0 kg/m^(2) in the RYGB *** and RYGB both significantly reduced serum liver enzyme *** markers resolved 2 years after SG in all *** contrast,only 78%and 80%of patients achieved remission of NAFLD 2 and 3 years after RYBG *** procedures resulted in comparable rates of remission of ***:Bariatric surgery with SG may be preferable to RYGB for obese patients with NAFLD and T2DM based on the rates of remission of markers of these ***,our results need to be confirmed in prospective *** the metabolic effects of specific bariatric surgical procedures may facilitate the development of a personalised approach to weight-loss surgery.

关键词： Bariatric surgery morbid obesity complications non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) gastric bypass sleeve gastrectomy(SG) transaminases

Animal Nutrition and Feed Science

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Engineering 2017年第5期3卷 586-587页

作者： adrian R. Egan Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering Emeritus Professor and Honorary Professorial Research Fellow Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne

1.引言动物营养和饲料科学学科可简单地分为以下两类:(1)研究动物对特定吸收物质的数量和平衡的生理需求(即营养需求);(2)天然植物和动物产品或合成物质提供全部或部分营养物质的能力(即饲料组成和营养成分利用率)。为了平衡饲料供应以... 详细信息

1.引言动物营养和饲料科学学科可简单地分为以下两类:(1)研究动物对特定吸收物质的数量和平衡的生理需求(即营养需求);(2)天然植物和动物产品或合成物质提供全部或部分营养物质的能力(即饲料组成和营养成分利用率)。为了平衡饲料供应以满足动物的需求。

关键词：饲料科学动物营养动物模型生理需求营养学家营养成分饲料供应饲料组 feeding nutrients

Viscosity Approximations by Generalized Contractions for Resolvents of Accretive Operators in Banach Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2009年第4期25卷 553-564页

作者： adrian PETRUSEL Jen-Chih YAO Department of Applied Mathematics Babes-Bolyai University 400084 Cluj-Napoca Romania Department of Applied Mathematics National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan 804

In this paper, we prove a strong convergence theorem for resolvents of accretive operators in a Banach space by the viscosity approximation method with a generalized contraction mapping. The proximal point algorithm i... 详细信息

关键词： viscosity approximation method accretive operator generalized contraction resolvent,proximal point algorithm

Building occupancy and energy consumption:Case studies across building types

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能源与人工环境(英文) 2021年第2期2卷 167-174页

作者： Sicheng Zhan adrian Chong Department of Building School of Design and EnvironmentNational University of Singapore4 Architecture DriveSingapore 117566Singapore

Past research has shown that occupancy information can be used to reduce building energy consumption through occupant-based controls and by mitigating wasteful occupant *** this study,we investigate the dynamic relationship between WiFi connection counts(as a proxy to occupancy)and building electricity consumption across four building typologies(office,lab,health center,and library).Our findings based on one year of data show a strong positive linear correlation between electricity consumption and WiFi count across all four building when the building is in *** data exploration also indicates higher interactions between occupants with the plug and lighting loads in office and lab space types as compared to in a health center and a ***,using principal component analysis(PCA)for feature extraction followed by Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN),we show that distinct clusters could be generated,characterized by an increase in the between-cluster variance and smaller within-cluster ***,we apply linear regression to manifest how the clustering results can be used to better model the variables.

关键词： Occupancy WiFi Building energy Clustering Energy conservation

Creation and Evaluation of a Multi-sensory Virtual Assembly Environment

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第2期5卷 163-173页

作者： adrian R L Travis Department of Engineering University of Cambridge

The multi-modal information presentation, integrated into the virtual environment （VE）, has potential for stimulating different senses, improving the user＇s impression of immersion, and increasing the amount of information that is accepted and processed by the user＇s perception system. The increase of the useful feedback information may reduce the user＇s cognitive load, thus enhancing the user＇s efficiency and performance while interacting with VEs. This paper presents our creation of a multi-sensory virtual assembly environment （VAE） and the evaluation of the effects of multi-sensory feedback on the usability. The VAE brings together complex technologies such as constraint-based assembly simulation, optical motion tracking technology, and real-time 3D sound generation technology around a virtual reality workbench and a common software platform. The usability evaluation is in terms of its three attributes： efficiency of use, user satisfaction, and reliability. These are addressed by using task completion times （TCTs）, questionnaires, and human performance error rates （HPERs）, respectively. Two assembly tasks have been used to perform the experiments, using sixteen participants. The outcomes showed that the multi-sensory feedback could improve the usability. They also indicated that the integrated feedback offered better usability than either feedback used in isolation. Most participants preferred the integrated feedback to either feedback （visual or auditory） or no feedback. The participants＇ comments demonstrated that nonrealistic or inappropriate feedback had negative effects on the usability, and easily made them feel frustrated. The possible reasons behind the outcomes are also analysed by using a unifying human computer interaction framework. The implications, concluded from the outcomes of this work, can serve as useful guidelines for improving VE system design and implementation.

关键词： Usability virtual environment (VE) assembly simulation multi-sensory feedback task performance

Metabolic signatures of Arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress responses elucidate patterns in stress priming,acclimation,and recovery

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 550-565页

作者： Yuan Xu Dana M.Freund adrian D.Hegeman Jerry D.Cohen Department of Horticultural Science and the Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute University of MinnesotaMNSaint PaulUSA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of MinnesotaMNSaint PaulUSA

Temperature,water,and light are three abiotic stress factors that have major influences on plant growth,development,and *** can be primed by a prior mild stress to enhance their resistance to future *** used an untargeted metabolomics approach to examine Arabidopsis thaliana 11-day-old seedling’s abiotic stress responses including heat(with and without priming),cold(with and without priming),water-deficit and high-light before and after a 2-day-recovery *** of the physiological phenotypes showed that seedlings with stress treatment resulted in a reduction in fresh weight,hypocotyl and root length but remained *** stress responsive metabolites were identified,confirmed with reference standards,quantified,and *** identified shared and specific stress signatures for cold,heat,water-deficit,and high-light *** metabolism including amino acid metabolism,sugar metabolism,glycolysis,TCA cycle,GABA shunt,glutathione metabolism,purine metabolism,and urea cycle were found to undergo changes that are fundamentally different,although some shared commonalities in response to different *** increases in cysteine abundance and decreases in reduced glutathione were observed following multiple stress treatments highlighting the importance of oxidative stress as a general phenomenon in abiotic *** fold increases in low-turnover amino acids and maltose demonstrate the critical role of protein and starch autolysis in early abiotic stress responses.

关键词： Abiotic stress Arabidopsis thaliana LC-HRMS Metabolomics Plant stress acclimation Priming Recovery