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Lufengpithecus inner ear provides evidence of a common locomotor repertoire ancestral to human bipedalism

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 122-129页

作者： Yinan Zhang Xijun Ni Qiang Li Thomas Stidham Dan Lu Feng Gao Chi Zhang Terry harrison Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology Kunming 650118China Center for the Study of Human Origins Department of AnthropologyNew York UniversityNew YorkNY 10003USA

Various lines of evidence have been used to infer the origin of human bipedalism,but the paucity of hominoid postcranial fossils and the diversity of inferred locomotor modes have tended to confound the reconstruction of ancestral *** of the bony labyrinth morphology of the inner ear of extinct and living hominoids provides independent evidence for inferring the evolution of hominoid locomotor *** computed tomography data and morphometric analyses of the Late Miocene ape Lufengpithecus indicate that it and other stem great apes possess labyrinths similar to one another and show that hominoids initially evolved from a positional repertoire that included orthogrady,below-branch forelimb suspension and progression,above-branch bipedalism,climbing,clambering,and leaping(hylobatid-like)to one that comprised above-branch quadrupedalism,below-branch forelimb suspension,vertical climbing,limited leaping,terrestrial quadrupedal running and walking,possibly with knuckle walking,and short bouts of bipedalism(chimpanzee-like).The bony labyrinth morphology of Lufengpithecus indicates that it probably conforms more closely to the last common ancestors of crown hominoids and hominids in its locomotor behavior than do other Miocene *** bipedalism evolved from this common archetypal Lufengpithecus-like locomotor *** low evolutionary rate of semicircular canal morphology suggests that Lufengpithecus experienced a relative stasis in locomotor behavior,probably due to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau,which created a stable environment in the Miocene of southwestern China.

关键词： China probably uplift

Physical mechanism of “slow light” in stimulated Brillouin scattering

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2010年第1期3卷 22-32页

作者： Valeri I.KOVALEV Robert G.harrison Nadezhda E.KOTOVA Department of Physics Heriot-Watt University P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences

We show from analytical analysis of the basic stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) equations in the time domain that the SBS amplification process does not amplify an external Stokes pulse and therefore cannot induce group delay of the Stokes pulse as claimed in the literature. Rather, the delayed output Stokes pulse is the pump radiation reflected by the induced acoustic wave, the amplitude of which determines the rate of the amplification process and time delay of the pulse. The latter is predominantly a consequence of the SBS buildup process determined by the inertia of the acoustic wave *** solutions of the SBS equations in the frequency domain show that spectral broadening of the pump radiation leads to only negligible broadening of the SBS spectral bandwidth and so does not provide an effective means to achieve broadband pulse delay.

关键词： stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) pulse delay acoustic wave inertia spectral bandwidth

Lack of hepcidin expression attenuates steatosis and causesfibrosis in the liver

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第4期8卷 211-225页

作者： Sizhao Lu Robert G Bennett Kusum K Kharbanda Duygu Dee harrison-Findik Department of Biochemistry University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5870United States Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-4130United States Nebraska-Western Iowa VA Health Care System OmahaNE 68105United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-2000United States

AIM: To investigate the role of key iron-regulatory protein, hepcidin in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). METHODS: Hepcidin(Hamp1) knockout and floxed control mice were administered a high fat and high sucrose(HFS) or a regular control diet for 3 or 7 mo. Steatosis, triglycerides, fibrosis, protein and gene expression in mice livers were determined by histological and biochemical techniques, western blotting and realtime polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Knockout mice exhibited hepatic iron accumulation. Despite similar weight gains, HFS feeding induced hepatomegaly in floxed, but not knockout, mice. The livers of floxed mice exhibited higher levels of steatosis, triglycerides and c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) phosphorylation than knockout mice. In contrast, a significant increase in fibrosis was observed in knockout mice livers within 3 mo of HFS administration. The hepatic gene expression levels of sterol regulatoryelement-binding protein-1c and fat-specific protein-27, but not peroxisome proliferator-activated receptoralpha or microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, were attenuated in HFS-fed knockout mice. Knockout mice fed with regular diet displayed increased carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1 but decreased glucose-6-phosphatase expression in the liver. In summary, attenuated steatosis correlated with decreased expression of lipogenic and lipid storage genes, and JNK phosphorylation. Deletion of Hamp1 alleles per se modulated hepatic expression of beta-oxidation and gluconeogenic genes. CONCLUSION: Lack of hepcidin expression inhibits hepatic lipid accumulation and induces early development of fibrosis following high fat intake. Hepcidin and iron may play a role in the regulation of metabolic pathways in the liver, which has implications for NAFLD pathogenesis.

关键词： Hamp Iron Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Metabolic genes Steatosis non-alcoholic fatty liverdisease Steatohepatitis

Down-conversion materials for organic solar cells:Progress,challenges,and perspectives

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Aggregate

Aggregate 2022年第3期3卷 59-79页

作者： Ram Datt Swati Bishnoi harrison Ka Hin Lee Sandeep Arya Sonal Gupta Vinay Gupta Wing Chung Tsoi Faculty of Science and Engineering Sustainable Product Engineering Centre for Innovative Functional Industrial CoatingsSwansea UniversityBay CampusFabian WaySwansea SA18ENUK Advanced Materials and Metrology Division Council of Scientific And Industrial Research-National Physical LaboratoryDr.K.S.Krishnan MargNew Delhi 110012India Department of Physics University of JammuJammuJammu and Kashmir 180006India Department of Conducting Polymers Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of SciencesPrague 616206Czech Republic Department of Physics Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyP.O.Box 127788Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Organic solar cells(OSCs)in terms of power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational lifetime have made remarkable progress during the last decade by improving the active layer materials and introducing new *** newly developed wide bandgap organic donor and low bandgap acceptor molecules covered the absorption from the visible to the near-infrared *** the incident high energy region(UV)is not in favor of *** absorption causes thermalization losses and photoinduced degradation,which hinders the PCE and lifetime of ***,lanthanide and non-lanthanide-based down-conversion(DC)materials have been introduced,which can effectively convert the high-energy photons(UV)to low-energy photons(visible)and resolve the spectral mismatch losses that limit the absorption of OSCs in high energy incident ***,the DC materials also protect the OSCs from UV-induced *** DC materials were also proposed to cross the Shockley-Queisser efficiency limit of the solar *** this review,the need for DC materials and their processing method for OSCs have been thoroughly ***,the main emphasis has been given to developing lanthanides and non-lanthanides-based DC materials for OSCs,their applications,and their impact on photovoltaic device performance,stability,and future perspectives.

关键词： down-conversion down-shifting lanthanides organic solar cells photostability

Effect of organic acid on Cd toxicityin tomato and bean growth

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1995年第4期7卷 399-406页

作者： Xue Dongsen Robert B. harrison Charles L. Henry(University of Washington , ARIO Seattle . WA 98195 , USA)

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｏｒｇａｎｉｃａｃｉｄｏｎＣｄｔｏｘｉｃｉｔｙｉｎｔｏｍａｔｏａｎｄｂｅａｎｇｒｏｗｔｈＸｕｅＤｏｎｇｓｅｎ；ＲｏｂｅｒｔＢ．Ｈａｒｒｉｓｏｎ；ＣｈａｒｌｅｓＬ．Ｈｅｎｒｙ（ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＷ... 详细信息

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｏｒｇａｎｉｃａｃｉｄｏｎＣｄｔｏｘｉｃｉｔｙｉｎｔｏｍａｔｏａｎｄｂｅａｎｇｒｏｗｔｈＸｕｅＤｏｎｇｓｅｎ；ＲｏｂｅｒｔＢ．Ｈａｒｒｉｓｏｎ；ＣｈａｒｌｅｓＬ．Ｈｅｎｒｙ（ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＷａｓｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ，ＡＲＩＯＳｅａ...

关键词： admium pollution phytotoxicity oxalic acid tomato: bean.

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剑桥雅思中级教程练习册Bands 5.5-6.5

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Analytic Methods for Quality Control of Scientific Publications Part VII: Providing High-Quality Academic English—OnLine English

丛书名：新东方大愚英语学习丛书

2015年

作者：（英）Mark harrison

《剑桥雅思中级教程》包含8个不同的话题单元，每个单元都包含口语、听力、阅读和写作练习，针对雅思考试的四个单项进行训练。本书还包含了语法解析和单词拓展，并附听力原文。此外，本书还包含一套完整的雅思模拟试题，供考生熟悉考... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9787553630816

ISBN: (纸本)9787553630816

《剑桥雅思中级教程》包含8个不同的话题单元，每个单元都包含口语、听力、阅读和写作练习，针对雅思考试的四个单项进行训练。本书还包含了语法解析和单词拓展，并附听力原文。此外，本书还包含一套完整的雅思模拟试题，供考生熟悉考试形式。

关键词：自学参考资料 IELTS

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography 2020年第1期8卷 1-6页

作者： Ilia Brondz Paul harrison Drug Control and Drug Discovery Institute (NDCDDI) Ski Norway OnLine English Hobart Australia

Correct grammar, coherent structure, fluent expression, and clear presentation are necessities for academic literature in the sciences and humanities. For scientific papers, these parameters are important to authors as well as to readers, especially for scientists who wish to understand the theory or to replicate the results. Today, most scientific and humanities journals are published in English. There are journals in Chinese, German, Hindi, Russian and other languages;however, for international use in science, business, and computer hardware and software, English is the dominant language. English is also used in diplomacy and for all kinds of international communications by people who have various other native languages. In this paper, we will present one of the leading international providers of high-quality academic English—OnLine English (OLE) and some of the functions of this service will be described.

关键词： Scientific English Academic Language OnLine English Functional Services

Thermochronological constraints on two pulses of Cenozoic high-K magmatism in eastern Tibet

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Science China Earth Sciences 2003年第7期46卷 719-729页

作者：王江海尹安 T.M.harrison M.Grove 周江羽张玉泉解广轰 Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

The previously published U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages and our 21 newly-obtained 40Ar/39Ar ages suggest that the Cenozoic magmatism in eastern Tibet and Indochina occurred in two episodes, each with distinctive geochemical signatures, at (40—28) Ma and (16—0) Ma. The older rocks are localized along the major strike-slip faults such as the Jinsha-Red River fault system and erupted synchronously with transpression. The younger rocks are widely distributed in rift basins and coeval with the east-west extension of Tibet and eastern Asia. Combining with their geochemical data, we consider that the earlier magmatic phase was generated by continental subduction, while the later volcanic phase was caused by decompression melting of a recently meta- somatically-altered, depleted mantle source. The magmatic gap between the two igneous pulses represents an important geodynamic transition in the evolution of eastern Tibet, from the processes controlled mainly by crustal deformation to those largely dominated by mantle tectonics.

关键词： high-K magmatism, thermochronology, eastern Tibet.

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Controversies in the management of primary sclerosingcholangitis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第5期8卷 265-272页

作者： Jeremy S Nayagam Stephen P Pereira John Devlin Phillip M harrison Deepak Joshi Institute of Liver Studies King’s College HospitalLondon SE5 9RSUnited Kingdom Institute of Liver and Digestive Health University College LondonLondon NW3 2PFUnited Kingdom

Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) remains a rare but significant disease, which affects mainly young males in association with inflammatory bowel disease. There have been few advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of the condition and no therapeutics with proven mortality benefit aside from liver transplantation. There remain areas of controversy in the management of PSC which include the differentiation from other cholangiopathies, in particular immunoglobulin G4 related sclerosing cholangitis, the management of dominant biliary strictures, and the role of ursodeoxycholic acid. In addition, the timing of liver transplantation in PSC remains difficult to predict with standard liver severity scores. In this review, we address these controversies and highlight the latest evidence base in the management of PSC.

关键词： Immunoglobulin G4 related sclerosingcholangitis Cholangiocarcinoma Primary sclerosingcholangitis Liver transplantation Dominant strictures