检索结果-南通市图书馆

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第6期14卷 137-154页

作者： adrian harrison Dept for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen PAS Section for Physiology Frederiksberg Denmark

Background: Scientific procedures for addressing noseband fit and tightness, eliminating the risk of excessive and painful tightening, as well as quantitative measurements of pressures under the noseband while riding are either scarce or lacking. Purpose/Aim: To assess simple means of measuring pressure under different nosebands with a view to their adoption as scientific methodology. Method: Horses (n = 7) were fitted with five different bridles (A-E). Pressure distribution and intensity were measured using colour sensitive film (Fujifilm LLLW), assessing the level of pressure and distribution across the surface of the nosebands, as assessed and ranked by independent assessors. A CURO system was also used to measure pressure in real-time under nosebands whilst riding. Results: The colour-sensitive film for D & B were ranked 1st and 2nd, respectively. Regularity of pressure overall showed a statistical difference between nosebands (A & B significantly more unregular than the others). Pressure measurements revealed significantly different means (all P Conclusions: Pressures under nosebands can reach levels that appear capable of inflicting tissue damage, hence bridles and nosebands should be assessed using scientific methodology and not based on arbitrary and subjective criteria, as is currently the case.

关键词： Noseband Welfare Pain Bridle Fit Riding Tölt FEI

Anon-Invasive Assessment of Ground Reaction Forces in the Human Leg in Response to Walking, Jogging, Running and Jumping

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第7期10卷 152-160页

作者： Jessica Pingel adrian harrison Department of Neuroscience Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen K&oslash benhavn Denmark PAS Department of Physiology Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark

Running is one of the most popular forms of exercise. Even though regular exercise is beneficial to human health, running is also often associated with an increased risk of injury. Lack of shock absorption in running shoes has often been stated as one of the main reasons for why running-related injuries have been on the increase. The aim of the present study was to assess the degree to which ground reaction forces (GRF) can be dissipated in the human leg in a barefoot subject, in connection with diverse physical activities. Acoustic myography (AMG), a non-invasive technique that records pressure waves from contracting muscles as well as the harmonic damping of ligaments, was applied to four anatomical sites on the subject’s leg, during barefoot walking, jogging, running and jumping. The data for walking on a hard surface show much lower ESTiTM parameters than those for the soft surface, and these lower values are observed mainly for sites 1 (toes;65%) and 2 (ankle;53%), respectively. AMG parameters for jogging reveal this gait to have very low ESTiTM parameters for site 1 and site 2 (ESTi 2 - 3), yet similar for both surfaces. The data for running on a hard and soft surface revealed much lower ESTiTM parameters (38%) than those for sites 3 (knee) and 4 (hip). The data from the big jump, reveal that on a hard surface, the lowest ESTiTM parameters were for sites 1 (toes;46%) and 2 (ankle;27%), compared to values on a soft surface. The speed with which GRFs were transmitted up the leg varied from site to site and also with the type of activity, ranging from undetectable to approx. 60 m/sec. The present study reveals that the ankle joint is exposed to the greatest forces during jumping and running. In addition, this study has confirmed that exercising on a hard surface does indeed increase the stress forces on the toes and ankles. It is interesting to note that the data reveal that toes and ankles absorb most of the GRF during

关键词： Muscle Activity Acoustic Myography

Contracture Development in Whales

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Marine Science 2020年第3期10卷 173-176页

作者： Jessica Pingel adrian harrison Department of Neuroscience Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark PAS Physiology Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark

It is well known that whales in captivity suffer from dorsal fin bending. However, the mechanisms behind this change are poorly understood. Humans can suffer from similar symptoms either after a period of immobilization or after suffering a brain lesion. Therefore, we here speculate whether the bent dorsal fins are reflecting contracture development in whales.

关键词： Dorsal Fin Cetaceans Contracture Immobilization CNS Lesion

The Use of Far Infrared Treatment Prior to Exercise in Horses: An mfBIA and Acoustic Myography Three Case Study

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第4期14卷 69-89页

作者： adrian harrison D.Phil Department for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen K&#248benhavn Denmark

Background: Acute effects of Far Infrared (FIR) treatment in horses are unknown, especially short periods of 30 minutes, as is any effect on such muscle parameters as warm-up balance, overall exercise balance and laterality asymmetries. Aim: This study examines three equine cases in detail to measure any effects of a short period of FIR treatment. Methods: Multi-frequency bioimpedance (mfBIA) and acoustic myography (AMG), non-invasive techniques, were applied pre- and post-treatment with FIR to the back (T5-L4/5) and for *** dorsi and *** medius was recorded during a 15-minute warm-up regimen. mfBIA parameters included extracellular resistance (Re), centre frequency (fc), membrane capacitance (Mc), intracellular resistance (Ri) and phase angle (PA) which indicates level of training and health status. Results: FIR treatment responses for mfBIA parameters were found to be horse-specific and different, whilst in terms of AMG, FIR treatment for 30 minutes had a beneficial effect on overall balance in all three horses (5 out of 6 muscles), and a beneficial effect on the AMG parameter ST (force symmetry) in all three horses (6 out of 6 muscles). An overall improvement for combined balance and ST values for both muscles and all three horses of 86% was noted with FIR treatment, compared to 56% without. Conclusions: This preliminary study of FIR treatment in three horses, has been found to result in an overall improvement in combined balance and ST values for both muscles. FIR has potential as a promising treatment to reduce the risk of warm-up-related injuries in athletic horses.

关键词： Equine FIR Muscle Balance Muscle Force Injury Prevention

The Effect of Aromatherapy on Equine Facial Expression, Heart Rate, Respiratory Tidal Volume and Spontaneous Muscle Contractures in M. Temporalis and M. Cleidomastoideus

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2021年第2期11卷 87-103页

作者： Sofja Kosiara adrian Paul harrison PAS (Physiology) Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

The ability to calm horses affects both the safety and well-being of human-horse relationships. However, not many natural calmatives are known, nor the efficacy of these in supporting a state of calmness in horses. This study used both qualitative and quantitative methods to test whether aromatherapy has a measurable and calming effect on equine facial expression and a range of physiological parameters. Nine horses of different ages, genders and breeds were included in a crossover design with humidified essential oils to determine the calming effect of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides), spikenard (Nardostachys jatamansi) and roman chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) in relation to water (negative control) and lavender oil (positive control) in horses standing still. The results revealed significantly lowered heart rate (P < 0.05 - <0.001) and respiratory tidal volume (P < 0.05 - <0.001) for the tested essential oils, while spikenard oil was best at inducing a relaxed facial expression (60% of the full-time scale for 8 horses;75% of the full-time scale for 7 horses) and roman chamomile oil was statistically most successful at reducing the incidence of spontaneous muscle contractures in M. Temporalis (P < 0.001) and M. Cleidomastoideus (P < 0.05) compared to the other aromatherapy treatments. It is concluded that aromatherapy has both qualitative and quantitative effects on physiological parameters in static horses, and moreover, that essential oils appear to have a calming effect.

关键词： Horse Essential Oil Calmative Behaviour Welfare

A Static Bioimpedance and Dynamic Acoustic Myography Preliminary Assessment of Low Frequency Therapeutic Ultrasound Treatment of the Shoulder Muscle Trapezius: An Equine Study

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2021年第4期11卷 125-135页

作者： Diane lsbell Sebastian Laguna adrian harrison Equine Vet Practice Livermore CA USA University of La Salle Veterinary Sciences Bogota Colombia Biomechanics & Rehabilitation Section for Pathobiological Sciences Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences Copenhagen Uni-versity Copenhagen Denmark

Background: In horses, therapeutic ultrasound has been shown to be beneficial for suspensory ligament injuries, and more generally to stimulate tissue repair and reduce localized pain. However, it has yet to be examined in relation to soft tissue injuries sustained during competition or in connection with rider/saddle interactions. Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of topical low-frequency therapeutic ultrasound on the shoulder muscles of injured horses. Methods: Muscle mass and cellular health was assessed for M. trapezius using non-invasive multi-frequency bioimpedance, and dynamic improvements in M. trapezius and M. latissimus dorsi were examined using acoustic myography (AMG). A total of 8 injured horses (painful to palpation and atrophied) were treated using an EQ Pro Therapy unit, following a set protocol that comprised treatment every other day for 10 treatments. Pre-treatment values were then compared with post-treatment measurements (1 & 6 months later). Results: The mfBIA results for M. trapezius showed a significant improvement (P 0.05) of EQ Pro Therapy treatment for the membrane capacitance (Mc) and phase angle (PA) parameters when comparing the Pre vs Post 1 and Post

关键词： Horse Skeletal Muscle Acoustic Myography Low Frequency Ultrasound

The Effects of Using a Specially Designed Stirrup on Kinetic Energy Absorption by the Knee Joint of 12 Show Jumping/Eventing Riders

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2023年第2期13卷 13-21页

作者： Marta Kulikowska Franziska C. Wagner adrian harrison Equi Physiq Esrumvej 435 Græsted Denmark Institute of Anatomy Histology and Embryology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Leipzig University Leipzig Germany Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences Dept for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Section for Physiology University of Copenhagen PAS Frederiksberg Denmark

The use of Winderen Knee Protection Solution stirrups compared to standard iron stirrups, reveals the following benefits: 1) A reduction of stress or strain time in the order of 14 seconds per minute of activity whilst walking and 5 - 7 seconds less whilst trotting or cantering for muscles around the knee. 2) A reduction of stress or strain time in the order of 25 seconds per minute of activity whilst walking and 9 - 10 seconds less whilst trotting or cantering for ligaments around the knee. 3) A significant improvement in the E-score (less time exposed to stress and shock) and ST-score (lower force around the knee) whilst walking. 4) A considerable improvement in rider comfort and feeling of leg stability (self-assessment) compared with the owners current stirrups, whilst riding.

关键词： Stirrups Knee Stress Acoustic Myography Riders

The Effects of the Quantum and Finesse Bridles on Equine M. Brachiocephalicus and M. Splenius Function at Three Different Speeds

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2020年第6期10卷 65-79页

作者： Emilie Gertz Katia Gebara Vibeke Elbrønd adrian harrison PAS (Physiology) Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

Badly designed and fitted tack induces physiological stress responses in horses, and may compromise animal welfare. Moreover, horses, just like humans, comprise a series of interconnected myofascial lines. However, to date there are no measurements of the effects of horse tack, such as bridles on muscle parameters. This study used acoustic myography to test whether two commercial anatomically designed and fitted bridles, have a measurable and positive effect on both equine muscle-function and performance. A Quantum bridle was tested on 12 Icelandic horses, whilst a Finesse bridle was tested on 8 Icelandic horses, and results compared with data from a standard bridle (n = 12) tested at the same time and under identical conditions. Sensors were placed on M. Brachiocephalicus and M. Splenius, and the horses exercised following a set protocol at three speeds. The results revealed statistically significant improvements in muscle performance as assessed by both the regularity of the recording at each speed, and the number of transient powerful contractions (spikes) for the anatomically designed and fitted bridles, compared with the standard bridle. It is concluded that the effect of anatomically designed bridles can not only be measured in the neck muscles of exercising horses, but that they appear to have a positive effect on muscle performance.

关键词： Horse Exercise Myofascial Lines Welfare Icelandic Anatomical Bridle

An Investigation into Cold-Therapy of the Equine Metacarpus, Following Temperature Changes with Exercise as Well as Post Intervention

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2020年第10期10卷 185-194页

作者： Simone Bøgelund Nielsen Conny Breining Madvig adrian Paul harrison Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences PAS (Physiology) University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark

There is some discussion as to whether exercise-induced hyperthermia of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) affects tenocyte viability and pre-disposes to injury. Cold-therapy is commonly used as a preventative measure and treatment for acute tendon injuries, but only a few studies have evaluated the effect of cold-therapy on metacarpal temperatures in the horse. For this reason, this study has measured skin surface temperatures after moderate exercise and after application of cold-therapy, and additionally monitored the duration of any effects. Four horses were recruited into a semi blinded controlled study with repeated measurements that involved lunged exercise for 16 minutes at moderate intensity. Skin surface temperature was measured using a thermographic camera before and after lunging, and every 40 minutes for two hours post cold-therapy. Cold-therapy was applied using a Jacks Whirlpool Boot with ice-water immersion at a level just distal to the carpus for 20 minutes. The right leg was treated, and the left leg was used as an untreated control. The experiment was conducted twice on all four horses. Moderate exercise resulted in an increase in skin surface temperature of 10°C. Application of cold-therapy for 20 minutes resulted in a reduction in skin surface temperature by 14°C. The effect of cold-therapy persisted for at least 40 minutes post treatment. It is concluded that exercise leads to an increase in skin surface temperature which is counteracted by the application of cold-therapy. These findings would seem to indicate that cold-therapy can be used after exercise to counteract hyperthermia within the metacarpal region of the horse’s leg.

关键词： Horse Thermography Hyperthermia Water Immersion Cooling Tendon Injury

Effects of protein restriction in utero on the metabolism of mink dams (<i>Neovison vison</i>) and on mink kit survival as well as on postnatal growth

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2012年第1期2卷 19-31页

作者： Kristine Vesterdorf adrian harrison Connie Frank Matthiesen Anne-Helene Tauson 不详

Protein restriction in utero may give rise to restricted growth as well as induce metabolically related diseases. In order to determine the suitability of mink as an animal model for metabolism studies, the effects of protein restriction during gestation on dam and kit performance must first be determined. Mink dams were fed an adequate protein (AP;crude protein:fat:carbohydrate ratio of 31:55:14% of metabolizable energy, ME) or a low protein diet (LP;19%:49%: 32% of ME) during the last 21.2 ± 3.3 days of gestation, followed by an adequate diet during lactation. Respiration and balance experiments were performed during late gestation and twice during lactation. The dietary treatment only affected energy metabolism traits significantly during the treatment period in late gestation, such that LP dams oxidized less protein (12% vs 23% of heat production, HE, P = 0.001) but more carbohydrate (37% vs 26% of HE, P -***-1, P < 0.05) than AP dams. Reproductive performance and kit organ growth were not affected by diet. Kit losses up to weaning were higher in LP than AP dams (2.0 vs 1.4, P < 0.05). LP fetuses weighed less (8.3 vs 11.6 g, P < 0.001) and were shorter (6.2 vs 7.6 cm, P < 0.001) than AP fetuses, however, differences might have been due to different implantation times. LP kits weighed 8.5% less than AP kits at birth, and remained lighter until 21 days of age. The LP diet caused growth restriction and increased kit mortality indicating that the dietary protein supply during late gestation was suboptimal to re-quirements. The long-term consequences of protein restriction in utero in terms of permanent metabolic changes in adulthood now need to be investigated.

关键词： Intrauterine Metabolic Programming Nitrogen Metabolism Reproduction Performance Growth Rate Postnatal Development Organ Development