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A soil quality index for evaluation of degradation under land use and soil erosion categories in a small mountainous catchment, Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第11期16卷 2577-2590页

作者： Kazem NOSRATI adrian lcollins Department of Physical Geography School of Earth SciencesShahid Beheshti University*** TehranIran Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchNorth WykeOkehamptonEX202SBUK

Soil erosion and land use type have long been viewed as being particularly important drivers of soil *** objectives of this study,therefore,were to select a new soil quality index(SQI)which varies significantly with land use/soil erosion,and to evaluate the new SQI using expert *** total,18 soil physical,chemical,and biochemical properties(indicators)were measured on 56 soil samples collected from four land use/soil erosion categories(rangeland/surface erosion,rangeland/subsurface erosion,cultivated land/surface erosion and dry-farming land/surface erosion).Principal component and classification analysis(PCCA)identified five PCs that explained 77.7%of the variation in soil properties with the biochemical PC varying significantly with land use/soil *** discriminant analysis(GDA)selected urease and clay as the most sensitive properties distinguishing the land use/soil erosion *** GDA canonical scores for the new SQI were significantly correlated with expert opinion soil surface summed scores(for soil movement,surface litter,pedestalling,rills and flow pattern)derived using the *** of the Interior Bureau of Land Management(BLM)method.A forward stepwise general regression model revealed that the new SQI values were explained by soil movement,surface litter,and the summed values of the soil surface ***,this study confirmed that soil quality in the study area in Iran is controlled by land use and corresponding soil erosion.

关键词： Soil quality index Land use Erosion status Soil enzyme activities Multivariate statistical techniques

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Fingerprinting the sources of water-mobilized sediment threatening agricultural and water resource sustainability:Progress, challenges and prospects in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第12期62卷 2017-2030页

作者： Qiang TANG Bojie FU Anbang WEN Xinbao ZHANG Xiubin HE adrian lcollins Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchNorth WykeOkehamptonDevon EX202SBUK Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Sediment source fingerprinting apportions the sources of sediment produced by water erosion by linking sampled sediment mixtures and landscape source materials using diagnostic and conservative *** this approach,the nature and location of active sediment sources across the catchment can be elucidated,generating information which is a key prerequisite for the design and implementation of catchment management *** science of sediment source fingerprinting continues to attract much research globally,but to date,there have been relatively few fingerprinting studies in ***,there remain major challenges for the fingerprinting approach arising from the uniqueness of Chinese landscapes,including for instance,the complex land use configuration with highly fragmented or mosaic patches and the highly dynamic land use conversion rates,generating a need to test the physical basis for the discriminatory power and environmental behavior of both traditional and novel *** research is needed to investigate the applicability of tracer properties in different physiographic settings and to evaluate the potential strategic utility of the approach for supporting the improved management of soil and water ***,the strategic availability of independent observation data for different components of catchment sediment budgets and well-maintained research infrastructure for plots,micro-catchments and drainage basins provides immediate opportunity for testing the approach and refining *** detailed testing across scales would be invaluable for promoting sediment source fingerprinting as both a scientific and management tool for informing soil and water conservation practices in China.

关键词： Soil erosion Sediment source fingerprinting Tracer properties Sediment budgets Catchment management China

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Dry cropland changes in China's Three Gorges Reservoir Region during the period 1990 to 2015

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第3期17卷 516-527页

作者： WANG Ming-feng TIAN Feng-xia HE Xiu-bin Raheel ANJUM BAO Yu-hai adrian lcollins Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Process and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Tourism and Geography Tongren UniversityTongrenGuizhou Province554300China Abdul Wali Khan University MardanPakistan Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchNorth WykeOkehamptonDevon EX202SBUK

Monitoring and analyzing changes in the extent of cultivated land may inform strategic decisions on issues of environmental and food *** dry cropland area of 12000 km^2in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region(TGRR)of China is essential for feeding the local population of^20 million,but is highly prone to soil erosion,leading to the delivery of excessive amounts of sediment and associated pollutants to the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR),and causing serious eco-environmental *** this background,this paper used Landsat images and a digital elevation model to analyze the altitudinal distribution of,and dynamic changes in,the area of dry cropland during the period 1990 to *** results suggest that dry cropland was mainly distributed in the elevation range of 200-600 *** dry cropland area decreased from 12525.37 km^2to 11796.27 km^2during the 25-year study period,including a particularly significant decrease in the rate of decrease from 6.93 km^2/yr to 43.99 km^2/yr after *** largest decline in the dry cropland area occurred in the elevation range of 600-900 *** transformations between dry cropland and forest revealed the impact of the TGR operation on the extent of dry cropland.A total of 528.79 km^2of dry cropland with slopes>25°were converted to forest after 2000,whereas a total of 642 km^2of forest was converted to dry cropland during the study period,and these conversions mainly occurred between the elevation of 200–900 *** spatiotemporal changes in the dry cropland area are likely to raise new issues concerning food security in the TGRR.

关键词： Dry cropland Altitude Reservoir operation Three Gorges Reservoir Region Landuse change Soil erosion

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