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An Evaluation of Manure Management strategies, Phosphorus surface Runoff Potential and Water Usage at an Arkansas Discovery Dairy Farm

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第9期14卷 742-760页

作者： James M. Burke Mike B. Daniels Pearl Webb Andrew n. sharpley Timothy Glover Lawrence Berry Karl W. Van Devender stan Rose Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Little Rock AR USA United states Department of Agriculture-natural Resources Conservation service Fort Smith AR USA

Manure management is an essential component of dairy production. nutrient-laden, field-applied dairy manure often serves as a fertilizer source, but can also pose environmental threats if not properly managed. The Haak dairy farm, located in Decatur, Arkansas, was granted a permit by the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) to employ a unique method in treating and storing cattle manure generated during the milking process. This method includes minimizing water use in wash water, dry scraping solids to combine with sawdust for composting and pumping effluent underground into a sloped concrete basin that serves as secondary solid separator before transporting the manure effluent into an interception trench and an adjacent grassed field to facilitate manure nutrient uptake and retention. The Arkansas Discovery Farm program (ADF) is conducting research to evaluate the environmental performance of the dairy’s milk center wash water treatment system (MCWW) by statistical analysis, characterization of phosphorus (P) migration in soil downslope from the inception trench, temperature measurements, and nutrient analysis of a stored dry stack manure/sawdust mixture. Goals included determining possible composting effectiveness along with comparisons to untreated dairy manure and quantifying the use of on-farm water. Results from this research demonstrated that: 1) The MCWW was effective at retaining manure-derived nutrients and reducing field nutrient migration as the MCWW interception trench had significantly higher total nitrogen (Tn) (804.2 to 4.1), total phosphorus (TP) (135.6 to 1.5), and water extractable phosphorus (WEP) (55.0 to 1.0) concentrations in milligrams per liter (mg⋅Lsup>-1sup>) than the downhill freshwater pond respectively;2) temperature readings of the manure dry stack indicated heightened levels of microbial and thermal activity, but did not reach a standard composting temperature of 54°C;3) manure dry stack nutrient content was typicall

关键词： Manure Management soil Test Phosphorus surface Runoff Water Usage Manure Composting Environmental Hazards Arkansas Milk Center Wastewater Treatment system statistical Analysis

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Effects of study area size on home range estimates of common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus

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Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 693-701页

作者： samantha R. nEKOLnY Matthew DEnnY George BIEDEnBACH Elisabeth M, HOWELLs Marilyn MAZZOIL Wendy n. DURDEn Lydia MORELAnD J. DAVID LAMBERT Quincy A, GIBsOn University of north Florida Department of Biology 1 UNF Drive Jacksonville FL 32224 USA Georgia Aquarium Conservation Field station 9509 Oceanshore Blvd Saint Augustine FL 32080 USA Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University 5600US-1 North Fort Pierce FL 32958 USA Hubbs-seaWorld Research Institute 3830 South Highway AIA #4-181 Melbourne Beach FL 32951 USA Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University 5600 US-1 North Fort Pierce FL 32958 USA.

Knowledge of an animal's home range is a crucial component in making informed management decisions. However, many home range studies are limited by study area size, and therefore may underestimate the size of the home range. In many cases, individuals have been shown to travel outside of the study area and utilize a larger area than estimated by the study design. In this study, data collected by multiple research groups studying bottlenose dolphins on the east coast of Florida were combined to determine how home range estimates increased with increasing study area size. Home range analyses utilized photo-identification data collected from 6 study areas throughout the st Johns River (sJR; Jacksonville, FL, UsA) and adjacent waterways, extending a total of 253 km to the southern end of Mosquito Lagoon in the Indian River Lagoon Estuarine system. Univariate kernel density estimates (KDEs) were computed for individuals with 10 or more sightings (20). Kernels were calculated for the primary study area (sJR) first, then additional kernels were calculated by combining the sJR and the next adjacent waterway; this continued in an additive fashion until all study areas were included. The 95% and 50% KDEs calculated for the sJR alone ranged from 21 to 35 km and 4 to 19 km, respectively. The 95% and 50% KDEs calculated for all combined study areas ranged from 116 to 217 km and 9 to 70 km, respectively. This study illustrates the degree to which home range may be underestimated by the use of limited study areas and demonstrates the benefits of conducting collaborative science.

关键词： bottlenose dolphin core area home range kernel analysis

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实体器官移植患者中热带病和地方性感染病的流行状况

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中国感染与化疗杂志 2010年第3期10卷 240-240页

作者： Martín-Dávila P fortún J López-Vélez R 康悦吴菊芳

全球大规模的旅游和移民,以及世界商业交往引起各种潜在感染性疾病的增多和复发,近年来美国FDA已经将预防感染性疾病流行的目标人群局限在旅游和器官移植受者中.尽管上述人群是热带病传播的主要因素,但是免疫缺陷者的机会菌感染和经血... 详细信息

全球大规模的旅游和移民,以及世界商业交往引起各种潜在感染性疾病的增多和复发,近年来美国FDA已经将预防感染性疾病流行的目标人群局限在旅游和器官移植受者中.尽管上述人群是热带病传播的主要因素,但是免疫缺陷者的机会菌感染和经血流播散也是热带病重要的传播途径.

关键词：器官移植患者热带病流行状况感染病地方性感染性疾病实体目标人群

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法兰西的味道

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建筑实践 2012年第8期 104-107页

作者：钱宇 fort Royal

法国,这个每年吸引着7000多万游客的浪漫国度,给你印象最深的是什么?是高耸入云的埃菲尔铁塔,是宏伟辉煌的卢浮宫和凡尔赛宫,是巍峨雄伟的凯旋门,是素有"田园乐土"之称的香榭丽舍大街,是烹调考究的法国大餐,还是被誉为法国三大精品产业... 详细信息

法国,这个每年吸引着7000多万游客的浪漫国度,给你印象最深的是什么?是高耸入云的埃菲尔铁塔,是宏伟辉煌的卢浮宫和凡尔赛宫,是巍峨雄伟的凯旋门,是素有"田园乐土"之称的香榭丽舍大街,是烹调考究的法国大餐,还是被誉为法国三大精品产业的法国时装、法国香水和法国葡萄酒?不管你的答案是什么,我们总可以用"奢华"这一词语来概括其特点,这也许就是法国的"味道"吧。法国有着悠久的手工艺传统,法国的现代设计同样是基于法国的设计传统的,体现出设计的豪华性和民族性的特点。然而在当今的经济环境中,低价产品竞争的加剧,引起外包和仿冒

关键词：装饰设计凡尔赛宫法国法兰西共和国花坛花卉装饰设计师彩色玻璃装饰手法 fort 猎枪

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Fluoride-induced Early Teeth Wearing in Argentinian Cattle

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 1994年第3期7卷 205-215页

作者： TOMAs A. LOPEZ MARGARITA R. BUsETTI MARCELO C. fort AnD DAnIEL O. BEDOTTI (Laboratorio de Toxicologia Veterinaria-Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce (InTA), Casilla de Correo 276-(7620) Balcarce-Buenos Aires-Argentina Unidad Regional de Invest Laboratorio de Toxicologia Veterinaria-Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce (InTA) Balcarce Buenos Aires Argentina.

The relationship between observed early teeth wearing in cattle and the existence of large areas where excess nuoride in underground water prevails in Argentina, but has never been studied. Average values of bone fluoride exceeding 5000 ppm and well water containing up to 10.5 ppm of this element were found in a farm (ETWF) where early teeth wearing is observed, while in a control farm (nETWF), those values were 1480 ppm and 3.0 ppm respectively. Urine samples from animals from the ETWF contained almost 4 times more fluoride than those from the *** in both farms contained about the same levels of fluoride (15 to 25 ppm). none of the farms was exPosed to industrial, volcanic, or geothermal activity. Lactating and adult animals were transferred from one farm to the other. After 30 months, adult animals from the nETWF showed no damage in teeth, while adults from the ETWF continued a rapid teeth wearing. Young animals from the nETWF developed severely damaged permanent teeth, while young animals from the ETWF developed normal teeth. We concluded that the problem exists in the ETWF and being a standard farm, the condition could be extrapolated to other areas

关键词： ppm Fluoride-induced Early Teeth Wearing in Argentinian Cattle

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马纳斯鲁淡色花岗岩的成因及侵位模式喜马拉雅碰撞活动的标志

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国外火山地质 1987年第4期 100-109页

作者： Patrick Le fort 赵曙良

马纳斯鲁花岗岩体的地质学特征地质环境马纳斯鲁花岗岩体呈巨大的岩盖状产出。岩体向 nnE 倾伏。其主岩体为椭圆形,出露面积约300km2,最大厚度约IOkm.由主岩体向EsE方向,延伸出一条厚度约数百米、长近60km的岩臂,或称之为乔康岩席。

关键词：花岗岩体板块西藏断块侵位岩石侵入体岩脉变质建造岩浆活动纳斯白云母深熔作用眼球状片麻岩喜马拉雅

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A test of two mechanisms proposed to optimize grassland aboveground primary productivity in response to grazing

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第4期5卷 357-365页

作者： A.K.Knapp D.L.Hoover J.M.Blair G.Buis D.E.Burkepile A.Chamberlain s.L.Collins R.W.s.Fynn K.P.Kirkman M.D.smith D.Blake n.Govender P.O'neal T.schreck A.Zinn Graduate Degree Program in Ecology and Department of Biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80526USA Division of Biology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Biological sciences Florida International UniversityNorth MiamiFL 33181USA Department of Biology MSC03-2020University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA Okavango Research Institute University of BotswanaPrivate Bag 285MaunBotswana school of Biological and Conservation science University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville 3209PietermaritzburgSouth Africa Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA scientific services Kruger National ParkPrivate Bag X402Skukuza1350South Africa Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA

Aims Mesic grasslands have a long evolutionary history of grazing by large herbivores and as a consequence,grassland species have numerous adaptations allowing them to respond favourably to *** empirical evidence has been equivocal,theory predicts that such adaptations combined with alterations in resources can lead to grazing-induced overcompensation in aboveground net primary production(AnPP;grazed AnPP>ungrazed AnPP)under certain *** tested two specific predictions from ***,overcompensation is more likely to occur in annually burned grasslands because limiting nutrients that would be lost with frequent fires are recycled through grazers and stimulate ***,overcompensation of biomass lost to grazers is more likely to occur in unburned sites where grazing has the greatest effect on increasing light availability through alterations in canopy *** We tested these nutrient versus light-based predictions in grazed grasslands that had been annually burned or protected from fire for>20 *** assessed responses in AnPP to grazing by large ungulates using both permanent and moveable grazing exclosures(252 exclosures from which biomass was harvested from 3192 quadrats)in a 2-year *** sites were located at the Konza Prairie Biological station(KPBs)in north America and at Kruger national Park(KnP)in south *** KPBs,sites were grazed by north American bison whereas in KnP sites were grazed either by a diverse suite of herbivores(*** wildebeest,Burchell’s zebra,African buffalo)or by a single large ungulate(African buffalo).Important Findings We found no evidence for overcompensation in either burned or unburned sites,regardless of grazer ***,there was no support for either mechanism leading to ***,complete compensation of total biomass lost to grazers was the most common response characterizing grazing–AnPP relationships with,in some cases,undercompensation of grass AnPP being of