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Synergistic Effect of a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor and a Selective Cyclo-Oxygenase-2 Inhibitor on Post Spinal Anesthesia Headache

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2020年第8期11卷 196-208页

作者： Rivain Fefe Iteke David Mwembo Mutombo Franck Namegabe Zirhumana Olivier Kabiriko Mukuku Emmanuel Kiyana Muyumba Tinsley Mukakala Kibonge Jean Francois Brichant adolphe manzanza kilembe Yapo Brouh Jean Baptiste Zambeze Sakatolo Kakoma Provincial Hospital of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Congo Official University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Congo University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Congo University of Liège Liège Belgium University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Congo Alassane Ouattara University Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Objective: To evaluate the synergistic effect of a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) and a Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitor (ISCOx-2) in the management of After Rachianesthesia Headache in Obstetric Care. Patients and Methods: This was an experimental double-blind, randomized, multi-center clinical trial of non-inferiority clinical trials over a 12-month period (May 1, 2018 to April 30, 2019) in six hospitals in southeastern DR Congo, including all patients undergoing surgery or analgesia on spinal anesthesia for obstetrical indication and with headache characteristic of a dural breccia, with no known causes, contraindications to experimental products and informed consent to been obtained. The patients were divided into four different groups depending on the protocol used, namely: Group A = Rehydration + Paracetamol, Group B = Rehydration + Celecoxib, Group C = Rehydration + Nefopam and Group 4 = Rehydration + Celecoxib + Nefopam (Study Group). Using the Statview II software, the statistical analyzes of data obtained from the different tests were made using the ANOVA test for comparing the averages of different samples using the Fisher test. Verification of the normality of the samples was made by the Kurtosis and Skewness flattening and asymmetry test. Results: The protocol associat

关键词： Nefopam Celecoxib Headache Rachianesthesia Obstetrics

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Determinants of Maternal Morbidity and Mortality Related to Anesthesia in Course of Cesarean Section in a Low-Income Country: Experience from the Centre Hospitalier Mère-Enfant Monkole

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2022年第5期12卷 168-183页

作者： Wilfrid Mbombo Dibue Narcisse Kapinga Muanza Alphonse Mosolo Nganzele Freddy Mbuyi Wa Mukishi Aliocha Nkodila Natuhorila Céline Tendobi Mbamba Sandra Bisalu Lokakao Miki Makawani Nyani Hervé Musubao Ngwangi Franck Nzengu Lukusa Rémy Kashala Badianyama Réné Lumu Kambala adolphe kilembe manzanza Berthe Barhayiga Nsimire Léon Tshilolo Muepu Centre Hospitalier Mè re-Enfant Monkole Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Dé partement d’Anesthé sie Ré animation Facult&eacute de Mé decine Universit&eacute de Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Democratic Republic of the Congo Université de Kinshasa Ecole de Sant&eacute Publique Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Dé partement de Gyné cologie Obsté trique Universit&eacute de Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Hô pital de l’Amitié Sino-congolaise Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Dé partement de Biologie Clinique Universit&eacute de Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Institut de Recherche Biomé dicale Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Centre d’Appui et de formation Sanitaire (CEFA) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Objective: The role of anesthesia in maternal mortality is unknown in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This study was conducted with the objective of analyzing the determinants of morbidity and maternal mortality linked to anesthesia in course of cesarean section. Methods: This is a prospective, analytical and mono-centric study carried out on women who underwent cesarean section at the Centre Hospitalier Mère-Enfant Monkole from January 1st, 2011 to December 31st, 2018. The variables analyzed were socio-demographic, clinical, biological and anesthetic as well as the maternal issues. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 21.0 software. The determinants of mortality were sought by logistic regression with p Results: During this period, 1954 cesarean sections were performed. The mean age of the women was 31 years (range 14 to 47), 1549 women (79.3%) had completed prenatal consultation in Monkole and 405 (20.7%) elsewhere. The emergency was extreme in 192 cases (9.82%), absolute in 445 (22.77%) and relative in 1317 (67.4%). Locoregional anesthesia (LRA) was performed in 1811 cases (92.68%). The main complications were marked by arterial hypotension (22.9%) due to spinal anesthesia, and mortality was 0.56%. In multivariate analysis, only extreme emergency (aOR 7.62 95% CI: 2.80 - 71.23 p = 0.007), coma on admission (aOR 10.44 95% CI: 1.81 - 60.13 p = 0.009), general anesthesia (aOR 15.41 95% CI: 2.11 - 40.21 p = 0.007) and intraoperative transfusion due to anemia/hemorrhage (aOR 8.63 95% CI: 1.07 - 69.55 p = 0.043) persisted as determinants of maternal death. Conclusion: Maternal mortality (0.56%) in this series was relatively low for a low-income country and no death was directly related to anesthesia. General anesthesia, extreme urgency, intraoperative transfusion due to anemia/bleeding, and coma on admission were the major determinants of mortality.

关键词： Determinants Maternal Morbidity and Mortality Anesthesia Cesarean Monkole

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Collaborative Effect of Fines on Changes in Grain Distribution in the Process of Improving the Geotechnical Properties of an Alluvial Gravel 0/14

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Geomaterials 2024年第3期14卷 29-48页

作者： adolphe Ekouya Louis Ahouet Sylvain Ndinga Okina Higher National Polytechnic School (ENSP) Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Higher Institute of Architecture Urbanism Building and Public Works Denis Sassou Nguesso University Brazzaville Congo Control Office for Building and Public Works (BCBTP) Brazzaville Congo

The technical and economic optimization of road projects has led to research into the use of materials obtained by mechanical stabilization for pavement construction. This research has enabled us to outline a solution capable of giving the sub-base layer the necessary and sufficient capacity to support the induced loads forecast for the traffic. This work evaluates the effect of adding fine silty clay (Cl) and clayey silt (Csp), two corrective materials to alluvial gravel (0/14), the main material, in the process of improving its cohesion and geotechnical properties. The results obtained show that the optimum mix is obtained with 10% by weight of Cl and 15% Csp. The granulometry of the mixes is spread out, but poorly calibrated. The Ag-Cl mixtures made at 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% 30% and Ag-Csp at 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35%, do not obey the law of mixtures. Mixing with 10% Cl reduces the sand equivalent of alluvial gravel by 60.23%, while mixing with 15% Cl reduces the sand equivalent by 6.82%. The addition of correctors increases the optimum water content and fine sand content of the mixes. Increasing the fine sand content reduces the optimum dry density, CBR index and static modulus. Mixes containing 10% Cl and 15% Csp have CBR values of CBRCl (96%) and CBRCsp (84%) and are not suitable for pavement base layers. In fact, the hardness of the grains has a Los Anges value of 41%, higher than the maximum permitted by the standard of 35%. The mixes obtained can be used as pavement base layers for traffic levels in a cumulative number of heavy goods vehicles 5 × 105 6 for an approximate life of 15 years.

关键词： Alluvial Gravel Cubitermes Sp Termite Fines Mechanical Treatment Corrector

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Improving a Patient’s CVD Risk Assessment—Updating the Interpretation of the Lipid Profile

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第9期14卷 515-520页

作者： David S. Schade Allen adolphe Robert Philip Eaton Department of Internal Medicine University of New Mexico Health Sciences Albuquerque USA Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA

The lipid profile remains an important laboratory assessment to prevent cardiovascular disease. Interpretation of the non-fasting lipid profile has significantly changed based on new information concerning the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In particular, the assessment of risk from cholesterol containing particles following triglyceride metabolism (termed remnant cholesterol) can now be done from a lipid profile. In addition, non-HDL cholesterol as calculated from the lipid profile will provide a complete assessment of total circulating cholesterol containing particles. Furthermore, the formula for measurement of LDL cholesterol from a lipid profile has now been revised so that triglyceride levels exert less interference. Finally, the old concept that the “higher the HDL-c, the better” is no longer tenable. New data indicate that the optimal high density lipoprotein level is below 100 mg/dl for both male and female patients. Correct interpretation of the lipid profile will optimize anti-atherosclerotic therapy and reduce the number one cause of death in the United States.

关键词： Lipid Profile Atherosclerotic Risk Cardiovascular Disease High Density Lipoprotein Low Density Lipoprotein

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Management of a Huge Ovarian Cyst in Pregnancy at the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2024年第3期12卷 165-178页

作者： Fidelia Mbi Kobenge Felix-adolphe Elong Emenguele Pascale Mpono Thomas Obinchemti Egbe Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology CHRACERH Yaound Cameroon

Background: Ovarian cysts in pregnancy are common and are usually small benign functional cysts (corpus luteum and theca-lutein cysts) that usually resolve spontaneously between 14 and 16 weeks of gestation. However, large ovarian cysts are rare in pregnancy, with an incidence of 0.2% - 2%, and most of them are benign. The first-line diagnostic modality is ultrasonography. Complications of ovarian cysts in pregnancy include miscarriage, ovarian torsion, cyst rupture, etc. Laparotomy is the treatment modality commonly used in our setting, and histopathologic diagnosis is important for the prognosis of the treatment. Case Presentation: MC is a 32-year-old G3P2002 married housewife of the Bakweri tribe who was referred to our department because of progressive abdominal discomfort and shortness of breath for 1 month’s duration. Her medical history is consistent with two normal vaginal deliveries at term and the use of implants (for contraception) until one month prior to the index pregnancy. Her booking visit was at 16 weeks gestation at a primary (missionary) healthcare facility, and she underwent ultrasonography and was diagnosed with a singleton viable intrauterine pregnancy and a simple septate cystic mass measuring 17 cm situated on top of the uterus, appearing to originate from the left ovary. She was referred to seek the expertise of an obstetrician-gynecologist, but she came to our department at 35 weeks gestation and underwent cesarean birth at 37 weeks gestation. In the pathological review, serous cystadenoma was diagnosed, and there were no positive findings in peritoneal cytology. Conclusion: The ultrasonographic diagnosis of the huge ovarian cyst in the index case was after 16 weeks gestation because of her late booking visit at 16 weeks gestation. The index case deferred referral to the obstetrician because of a lack of finances, came to our department at 35 weeks gestation because of abdominal pain that may have resulted from a torsion of the ovarian cyst

关键词： Ovarian Cyst Ultrasonography Magnetic Resonance Imaging Histopathology Pregnancy Cesarean Section

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Factors Contributing to Contamination of Street Foods in Bamako, Mali

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 199-210页

作者： Demba Dembele Mamadou Wele Bawa Boya Haziz Sina Basile Boni Saka Konmy adolphe Adjanohoun Lamine Baba-Moussa Institute of Applied Sciences University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin National Agronomic Research Institute of Benin Cotonou Benin

The World Health Organization states that foodborne diseases are a worldwide public health issue. Although street foods can provide nutritious and affordable ready-to-eat meals for city dwellers, their health risks can outweigh the benefits. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bamako district, focusing on street food vendors near schools, universities, extensive markets, administrative centers, and major roads. We aimed to sample fifty (50) sellers per municipality, making 300 sellers for the Bamako district. We developed a survey sheet to collect data, and six teams rotated between the municipalities each month. Before starting the collection, the teams were provided administrative papers approved by the municipal authority. The survey revealed three types of sales sites: fixed (65%), semi-fixed (30%), and mobile (4.40%). The proportion of sellers was 26.8%, 23.2%, 19.7%, and 4.2% in municipalities III, IV, and I. In municipalities I, II, III, IV, and VI, respectively, 92%, 95.70%, 93%, 87.2%, and 100% of the sellers were female. The age distribution of sellers was 65.63%, 46.81%, 40.82%, 38.30%, 36.17%, 36%, and 32% in the 25-34 and 35 - 44 age groups. Illiteracy rates were 59.20%, 61.70%, 55.30%, 75%, and 56% in municipalities I, II, III, IV, and VI, respectively. The study identified two categories of sellers: 48.3% in type 1 and 51.7% in type 2. The first category comprised 154 sellers, and the second 165 sellers. The survey found that 66.00%, 56.00%, 48.90%, 44.90%, 38.30%, and 34.40% of municipal V, VI, III, I, II, and IV sales sites were open-air. In municipality I, 63.30% of the sites were under hangars, while in municipalities II and IV, the corresponding percentages were 51.10% and 59.40%, respectively. Moreover, 46.00%, 31.90%, 31.30%, 30.60%, and 27.70% of the sites in municipalities VI, II, IV, I, and III were located next to gutters. In conclusion, this study identified several factors that could compromise the quality of street foods sold in

关键词： Factors Source Contamination Street Food Bamako

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Postpartum Eclampsia in the Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine of the Souro Sanou University Hospital;Burkina Faso: About 76 Cases

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第8期14卷 1176-1184页

作者： Yaméogo Rélwendé Barnabé Sawadogo Amidou Kaboré Ahmed Komboigo Béwendin Evelyne Dembélé Adama Somé Der adolphe Souro Sanou University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Public Health Department of Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Postpartum eclampsia is a life-threatening obstetric emergency. Its management is multidisciplinary. Despite measures taken to accelerate the reduction of maternal, fetal and infant mortality in Burkina Faso, maternal deaths related to postpartum eclampsia persist. The aim of the study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical and prognostic aspects of postpartum eclampsia in the obstetrics department of the Sourô Sanou University Hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection covering the period from June 1, 2018 to May 31, 2019. We included 76 patients in the study;the variables studied were the epidemiological, clinical and prognostic aspects. The data collected were entered on a microcomputer and analyzed with the EPI info version 7.2 software. Results: The prevalence of postpartum eclampsia was 0.87% compared to admissions to the obstetrics department. The average age of the patients was 23 years old with the extremes of 15 and 39 years old. Primiparas accounted for 39.47%, housewives 53%, and home births accounted for 15.79%. Seizures accounted for 55% of the reasons for admission, the average time to onset of these seizures postpartum was 3.8 days with extremes of 1 and 30 days with 45% of seizures occurring postpartum immediately. Maternal complications were noted in 42.10% of cases with 5 cases of Hellp syndrome, 3 cases of renal failure, and 3 cases of acute pulmonary edema. We recorded 4 cases of maternal death, representing a case fatality rate of 5.2%. Conclusion: Postpartum eclampsia is common in the obstetrics department of the Souro Sanou University Hospital Center with a significant case fatality rate. Emphasis should be placed on monitoring and prevention, especially women at risk of developing postpartum eclampsia for better maternal prognosis.

关键词： Eclampsia Postpartum Epidemiology Prognosis

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Gastrointestinal Ulcers Treatment: Plants and Recipes Used by Herbalists of Abomey-Calavi and Cotonou Districts, Southern Benin

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 699-725页

作者： Brice Dangnon Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon Sêmassa Mohamed Ismaël Hoteyi Abdelmalick Abdelrahman Moubachar Abdelkerim Mahamat Nicodème Worou Chabi Sina Haziz Farid Baba-Moussa adolphe Adjanohoun Lamine Baba-Moussa Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Markers in Nutrition Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Technologie Alimentaire Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bnin Cotonou Benin

This study set out to identify plants and recipes used by herbalists in the municipalities of Abomey-Calavi and Cotonou to treat gastrointestinal ulcers and to characterize the distribution of their knowledge. An ethno-pharmacological survey was carried out in which informants who agreed freely were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. A total of 85 herbalists were surveyed. The data were processed with Microsoft Excel to calculate the relative frequencies of citation of the various species mentioned by the herbalists and various indices including Simpson’s Index were adapted to test the distribution of their knowledge. Multiple regression and correspondence analysis were performed using R studio. Our results revealed that the Dendi, Ifè and Mina, all equitable in their knowledge of anti-ulcer plants, are likely to know more than the other ethnic groups. On the other hand, respondents practicing Islam are more likely to know many antiulcer plants than those practicing Vodoun and Christianity. This constant distribution of knowledge of anti-ulcer plants among the Dendi, Ifè and Mina, three different ethnic groups seems normal and attests to the fusion between these different ethnic groups in view of this knowledge. A total of 70 anti-ulcer recipes, made from 71 species of medicinal plants or non-floristic resources were recorded. Vitellaria paradoxa, Parkia biglobosa and Ocimum gratissimum were the top 03 most frequently cited in descending order of frequency. All the species cited are grouped into 44 botanical families among which the Fabaceae, Lamiaceae and Sapotaceae were strongly represented. Benin’s flora abounds in a diversity of medicinal plant species known to herbalists in Abomey-Calavi and Cotonou for the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers. The results of this study constitute a good archive for the selection of plant species for in-depth studies with a view to formulating improved traditional medicines for gastrointestinal ulcers.

关键词： Gastrointestinal Ulcer Ethnomedicine Herbalist Nature Plant Material

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Symphyseal Disjunction after Dystocic Vaginal Delivery: About Two Cases at the SourôSanou University Hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso (CHUSS)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 1-6页

作者： Millogo Jean De La Croix Sanou Jean de Dieu Gadigbé Akofa Méré Godé Sabi Tokobou William Ouédraogo André Togbé Eric Serge Alihonou Yaméogo Rélwendé Barnabé Dembélé Adama Somé Der adolphe Ouattara Souleymane Obstetrics-Gynecology and Reproductive Medecine Departement of Sourô Sanou Teaching Hospital Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Higher Institute of health Sciences (INSSA) Université nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Diastasis of the symphysis pubis is a rare postpartum complication. We report two cases of symphysis diastasis after dystocic delivery, in two patients who presented in the postpartum period with functional impotence, pubalgia and acute urine retention. A frontal radiograph of the pelvis confirmed the diagnosis, showing a symphyseal separation of 12 mm and 18 mm. In our case, management was mainly medical, with a favorable clinical outcome.

关键词： Pelvis Symphyseal Disjunction/Diastasis Post-Partum Burkina Faso

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Design support tools to sustain climate change adaptation at the local level： A review and reflection on their suitability

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2015年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： Catherine Dubois Genevieve Cloutier Andre Potvin Luc adolphe Fiorent Joerin School of Architecture Laval University I cote de la Fabrique Quebec City G IR 3V6 Canada CRAD Laval University 2325 rue des Bibliotheques Quebec City G1V OA6Canada INSA of Toulouse LMDC 136 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France

For mid-latitude cities, higher summer temperatures due to climate change are a cause for concern because they aggravate the urban heat island phenomenon and reduce thermal comfort inside buildings. By acquiring the appropriate knowledge and skills, architects and urban designers can become key actors in adaptation to climate change. Two workshops bringing together architects and urban designers provided evidence of deficiencies in this area. We hypothesize that a design support tool （DST） focused on the issue of adaptation of mid- latitude cities to rising summer temperatures could help improve knowledge and skills of professionals in the field. The first section presents the results taken from a review and classification of DSTs, which highlight the toots＇ features that are LikeLy to reach this goal Toots of the ＂hybrid＂ category seem most appropriate. To verify this, seven DSTs were selected and tested by fourteen students enrolled in a graduate-level architecture design studio. The second section presents the results from this test, including an analysis of the final projects, a web- based questionnaire and two focus groups. The relevance of hybrid approaches is established, but the results bring into question the capacity of a single DST to meet the individual and multiple needs of professionals.

关键词： Climate chanse adap-tation Mid-Latitude cities Architects Urban designers Design support too[ Architecture designstudio

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