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Hypsometric properties of mountain landscape of Hunza River Basin of the Karakoram Himalaya

Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第9期15卷 1881-1891页

作者： BAIG Siddique Ullah tahir adnan Ahmad DIN Ahmad KHAN Humaira High Mountain Research Center Development Studies COMSATS University Islamabad (Abbottabad Campus) Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad (Abbottabad Campus) Computer Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad (Abbottabad Campus)

Within Karakoram Himalaya, Hunza River Basin(study area) is unique for a number of reasons: 1) potential impacts of highly concentrated highpitched mountains and glacial ice; 2) the glaciated portions have higher mean altitude as compared to other glaciated landscapes in the Karakoram; 3) this basin occupies varieties of both clean and debriscovered glaciers and/or ice. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the stability of topographic surface and potential implications of fluctuating glacial-ice causing variations in the movement of material from higher to lower elevations. This paper advocates landscape-level hypsometric investigations of glaciated landscape lies between 2280–7850 m elevation above sea level and non-glaciated landscape between 1461–7570 m. An attempt is made to understand intermediate elevations, which disguise the characteristics of glaciated hypsometries that are highly correlated with the Equilibrium Line Altitude(ELA). However, due to data scarcity for high altitude regions especially above 5000 m elevation, literature values for climatic conditions are used to create a relationship between hypsometry and variations in climate and ELA. The largest glaciated area(29.22%) between 5047 to 5555 m lies in the vertical regime of direct snow-accumulation zone and in the horizontal regime of net-accumulation zone(low velocity, net freezing, and no-sliding). In both landscapes, the hypsometric curves are ‘slow beginning' followed by ‘steep progress' and finally reaching a ‘plateau', reflecting the rapid altitudinal changes and the dominance of fluvial transport resulting in the denudation of land-dwelling and the transport of rock/debris from higher to lower altitudes. Reported slight differences in the average normalized bin altitudes against the cumulative normalized area between glaciated and non-glaciated landscapes are an indicator of slightly different land-forms and landform changes.

关键词： Karakoram Hypsometry Glaciation Equilibrium Line Altitude

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Simulation of snowmelt-runoff under climate change scenarios in a data-scarce mountain environment

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第8期12卷 910-930页

作者： adnan Ahmad tahir Samreen Abdul Hakeem Tiesong Hu Huma Hayat Muhammad Yasir Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyAbbottabadPakistan State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanPeople’s Republic of China

Pakistan is an agriculture-based economy and major proportion of irrigation water for its cultivated lands is abstracted from the Upper Indus Basin(UIB).UIB water supplies are mostly contributed from the high-altitude snow and glacier fields situated in the Hindukush–Karakoram–Himalayan *** change in the flows of these river catchments due to climate variability may result in the form of catastrophic events like floods and droughts and hence will adversely affect the economy of *** study aims to simulate snowmelt runoff in a mountainous sub-catchment(Shyok River basin)of the UIB under climate change *** Runoff Model(SRM)coupled with remotely sensed snow cover product(MOD10A2)is used to simulate the snowmelt runoff under current and future climate scenarios in the study *** results indicate that(a)SRM has efficiently simulated the flow in Shyok River with average Nash–Sutcliff coefficient value(R2)of 0.8(0.63–0.93)for all six years(2000–2006)of basin-wide and zone-wise simulations,(b)an increase of 10%(by 2050)and 20%(by 2075)in SCA will result in a flow rise of∼11%and∼20%,respectively,and(c)an increase of 1℃(by 2025),2℃(by 2050),3℃(by 2075)and 4℃(by 2100)in mean temperature will result in a flow rise of∼26%,∼54%,∼81%and∼118%,*** study suggests that SRM equipped with remotely sensed snow cover data is an effective tool to estimate snowmelt runoff in high mountain data-scarce environments.

关键词： Upper Indus Basin(UIB) Shyok River basin MOD10A2 Snowmelt Runoff Model(SRM) climate change

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Spatio-temporal changes in the six major glaciers of the Chitral River basin(Hindukush Region of Pakistan)between 2001 and 2018

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第3期17卷 572-587页

作者： Jawaria GUL Sher MUHAMMAD LIU Shi-yin Siddique ULLAH Shakeel AHMAD Huma HAYAT adnan Ahmad tahir Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad(CUI)Abbottabad Campus22060AbbottabadPakistan International Center for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) KathmanduNepal Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina Division of Environmental System Analysis School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China

Glaciers in the northern Pakistan are a distinctive source of freshwater for the irrigation,drinking and industrial water supplies of the people living in those regions and downstream. These glaciers are under a direct global warming impact as indicated in many previous studies. In this study, we estimated the glacier dynamics in terms of Equilibrium Line Altitude(ELA), mass balance and the snout position variation using remote sensing data between 2001 and 2018. Six glaciers, having area≥ 20 km2 each, situated in the Chitral region(Hindukush Mountains) were investigated in this study. Digital Elevation Model(DEM) and available cloud-free continuous series of Landsat and Sentinel satellite images from minimum snow cover season were used to monitor the variability in the studied glaciers by keeping the status of glaciers in year 2001 as a reference. The annual climatic trends of mean temperature and total precipitation from Chitral weather station were detected using the nonparametric Mann-Kendall’s test. Results revealed a general increase in the ELA, decrease in the glacier mass balance and the retreat of snout *** upward shift in the ELA for the entire study area and data period was ~345 ± 93 m at a rate of^13 m.a-1 from the reference year’s position i.e.~4803 m asl. Estimated mean mass balance for the entire study area indicated a decline of-0.106 ± 0.295 m w.e. a-1. Periods of snout retreat and advance in different glaciers were found but the mean value over the entire study area was a retreat of-231 ± 140 *** obvious relationship was found between the glacier variation trends and the available gauged climatic data possibly due to the presence of debris cover in ablation zones of all the studied glaciers which provides insulation and reduces the immediate climatic effects.

关键词： Glacier dynamics Hindukush region Sentinel Landsat Mass balance Equilibrium Line Altitude Snout position

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Improving WC-Co coating adhesive strength on rough substrate:Finite element modeling and experiment

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第2期37卷 1-8页

作者： adnan tahir Guang-Rong Li Mei-Jun Liu Guan-Jun Yang Cheng-Xin Li Yu-Yue Wang Chang-Jiu Li State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

The adhesive strength in a coating-substrate system is of primary importance for the coating lifetime in ***,the underlying mechanism is not fully understood due to the complex internal structure of composite *** this study,the effect of substrate roughness on the adhesive strength of WCCo coatings was investigated by experiment and *** show that the adhesive strength is significantly affected by the *** the case of the Ra<2μm,the adhesive strength is approximately 35–46 *** the Ra is 4μm,the adhesive strength increases to nearly 60 MPa.A finite element model was developed to correlate the roughness with adhesive *** is found that the predicted values are well consistent with the experimental *** addition,with the increase of the roughness,the residual stress would be changed from concentrated state to widespread state,which decreases the critical stress to result in crack ***’s why a larger roughness can cause a higher adhesive *** study gives understanding on the mechanism of adhesive strength affected by roughness,which contributes to the parameter optimization with better performance.

关键词： Adhesive strength Roughness Lifetime Simulation XFEM Residual stress

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Remote Sensing Data Application to Monitor Snow Cover Variation and Hydrological Regime in a Poorly Gauged River Catchment—Northern Pakistan

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第1期5卷 27-37页

作者： Samreen Abdul Hakeem Muhammad Bilal Arshid Pervez adnan Ahmad tahir Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad Pakistan

Snow- and glacier-nourished river basins located in the Himalaya-Karakoram-Hindukush (HKH) ranges supply a significant amount of discharge in River Indus upstream Tarbela Dam. It is, hence, important to comprehend the cryosphere variation and its relationship to the stream flow in these high-altitude river catchments. The MODIS remotely sensed database of snow products was chosen to examine the average annual snow and glacier cover (cryosphere) variations in the Shigar River basin (poorly gauged mountainous sub-catchment of the Indus River). Hydrological regime in the area was investigated through monthly database of observed stream fluxes and climate variables (precipitation and mean temperature) for the Shigar River catchment. Analysis indicated the usefulness of remote sensing techniques for estimation of the snow cover variation in the poorly or un-gauged high-elevation catchments of the HKH zone. Results also showed that Shigar River discharge was influenced mainly by the seasonal and annual snow cover area (SCA) variation and the temperature seasonality. Moreover, it is important to uncover such inter-relationship of stream flow, climate variables and snow cover in the poorly gauged high-altitude catchments of Karakoram region for better water resource management and accurate flood hazards predictions at Tarbela.

关键词： Shigar River Basin Satellite Remote Sensing MODIS Snow Products Water Resources Management ASTER-GDEM

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Erratum to:Spatio-temporal changes in the six major glaciers of the Chitral River basin(Hindukush Region of Pakistan)between 2001 and 2018

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第8期17卷 2048-2048页

作者： Jawaria GUL Sher MUHAMMAD LIU Shi-yin Siddique ULLAH Shakeel AHMAD Huma HAYAT adnan Ahmad tahir Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad(CUI)Abbottabad Campus22060AbottabadPakistan International Center for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) KathmanduNepal Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina Division of Environmental System Analysis School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China

The article Spatio-temporal changes in the six major glaciers of the Chitral River basin(Hindukush Region of Pakistan)between 2001 and 2018,written by Jawaria GUL,Sher MUHAMMAD,LIU Shi-yin,Siddique ULLAH,Shakeel AHMAD,Huma HAYAT and adnan Ahmad tahir,was originally published Online First without Open *** publication in volume 17,issue 3,page 572-587,the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access ***,the copyright of the article has been changed to C The Author(s)2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License(http://***/licenses/by/4.0/),which permits use,duplication,adaptation,distribution and reproduction in any medium or format,as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s)and the source,provide a link to the Creative Commons license,and indicate if changes were *** original version of this article has been revised due to a retrospective Open Access order.

关键词： Open Region license

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Roman Urdu News Headline Classification Empowered with Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1221-1236页

作者： Rizwan Ali Naqvi Muhammad adnan Khan Nauman Malik Shazia Saqib tahir Alyas Dildar Hussain Department of Unmanned Vehicle Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Computational Sciences Korea Institute for Advanced StudySeoul02455Korea

Roman Urdu has been used for text messaging over the Internet for years especially in Indo-Pak *** from the subcontinent may speak the same Urdu language but they might be using different scripts for *** communication using the Roman characters,which are used in the script of Urdu language on social media,is now considered the most typical standard of communication in an Indian landmass that makes it an expensive information *** Text classification is a solved problem but there have been only a few efforts to examine the rich information supply of Roman Urdu in the *** is due to the numerous complexities involved in the processing of Roman Urdu *** complexities associated with Roman Urdu include the non-availability of the tagged corpus,lack of a set of rules,and lack of standardized spellings.A large amount of Roman Urdu news data is available on mainstream news websites and social media websites like Facebook,Twitter but meaningful information can only be extracted if data is in a structured *** have developed a Roman Urdu news headline classifier,which will help to classify news into relevant categories on which further analysis and modeling can be *** author of this research aims to develop the Roman Urdu news classifier,which will classify the news into five categories(health,business,technology,sports,international).First,we will develop the news dataset using scraping tools and then after preprocessing,we will compare the results of different machine learning algorithms like Logistic Regression(LR),Multinomial Naïve Bayes(MNB),Long short term memory(LSTM),and Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).After this,we will use a phonetic algorithm to control lexical variation and test news from different *** preliminary results suggest that a more accurate classification can be accomplished by monitoring noise inside data and by classifying the *** applying above mentioned different machine learnin

关键词： Roman urdu news headline classification long short term memory recurrent neural network logistic regression multinomial naïve Bayes random forest k neighbor gradient boosting classifier

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Constructing S-scheme 2D/0D g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) NPs/MPs heterojunction with 2D-Ti3AlC2 MAX cocatalyst for photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction to CO/CH_(4) in fixed-bed and monolith photoreactors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第11期106卷 195-210页

作者： Muhammad tahir Beenish tahir Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical and Energy EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310UTM Johor BahruMalaysia Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department UAE UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al AinUnited Arab Emirates

Exfoliated 2D MAX Ti_(3) AlC_(2) conductive cocatalyst anchored with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) to construct 2D/0D/2D het-erojunction has been explored for enhanced CO_(2) photoreduction in a fixed-bed and monolith *** TiO_(2) particle sizes(NPs and MPs)were systematically investigated to determine effective metal-support interaction with faster charge carrier separation among the composite *** TiO_(2) NPs were anchored with 2D Ti_(3) AlC_(2) MAX structure,10.44 folds higher CH_(4) production was observed com-pared to anchoring TiO_(2) *** CH_(4) yield rate of 2103.5μmol g^(−1) h^(−1) achieved at selectivity 96.59%using ternary g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)/Ti_(3) AlC_(2)2D/0D/2D composite which is 2.73 and 7.45 folds higher than using binary g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3) AlC_(2) MAX and TiO_(2) NPs/Ti_(3)AlC_(2) samples,respectively.A step-scheme(S-scheme)photocatalytic mechanism operates in this composite,suppressed the recombination of useful electron and holes and provides higher reduction potential for efficient CO_(2) conversion to CO and CH_(4).More im-portantly,when light intensity was increased by 5 folds,CH_(4) production rate was increased by 3.59 folds under visible *** performance of composite catalyst was further investigated in a fixed-bed and monolith photoreactor and found monolithic support increased CO production by 2.64 folds,whereas,53.99 times lower CH_(4) production was *** lower photocatalytic activity in a monolith photore-actor was due to lower visible light penetration into the ***,2D MAX Ti_(3) AlC_(2) composite catalyst can be constructed for selective photocatalytic CO_(2) methanation under visible light in a fixed-bed photoreactor.

关键词： Photocatalytic CO_(2)methanation Exfoliated 2D MAX Ti_(3)AlC_(2) g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) Fixed-bed reactor,Monolith photoreactor Solar energy

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Prediction of Cloud Ranking in a Hyperconverged Cloud Ecosystem Using Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 3129-3141页

作者： Nadia Tabassum Allah Ditta tahir Alyas Sagheer Abbas Hani Alquhayz Natash Ali Mian Muhammad adnan Khan Department of Computer Science Virtual University of PakistanLahore54000Pakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Science&TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Computer Science NCBA&ELahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information College of Science in ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia School of Computer and Information Technology Beaconhouse National UniversityTarogilLahore53700Pakistan Faculty of Computing Riphah School of Computing&InnovationRiphah International University Lahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan

Cloud computing is becoming popular technology due to its functional properties and variety of customer-oriented services over the *** design of reliable and high-quality cloud applications requires a strong Quality of Service QoS parameter *** a hyperconverged cloud ecosystem environment,building high-reliability cloud applications is a challenging *** selection of cloud services is based on the QoS parameters that play essential roles in optimizing and improving cloud *** emergence of cloud computing is significantly reshaping the digital ecosystem,and the numerous services offered by cloud service providers are playing a vital role in this *** software-based unified utilities combine storage virtualization,compute virtualization,and network *** availability of the latter has also raised the demand for *** to the diversity of services,the respective quality parameters are also in abundance and need a carefully designed mechanism to compare and identify the critical,common,and impactful *** is also necessary to reconsider the market needs in terms of service requirements and the QoS provided by various *** research provides a machine learning-based mechanism to monitor the QoS in a hyperconverged environment with three core service parameters:service quality,downtime of servers,and outage of cloud services.

关键词： Cloud computing hyperconverged neural network QoS parameter cloud service providers ranking prediction

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IoMT-Based Smart Monitoring Hierarchical Fuzzy Inference System for Diagnosis of COVID-19

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第12期65卷 2591-2605页

作者： tahir Abbas Khan Sagheer Abbas Allah Ditta Muhammad adnan Khan Hani Alquhayz Areej Fatima Muhammad Farhan Khan Department of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and EconomicsLahore54000Pakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Science&TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information College of Science in ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Forensic Sciences University of Health SciencesLahore54000Pakistan

The prediction of human diseases,particularly COVID-19,is an extremely challenging task not only for medical experts but also for the technologists supporting them in diagnosis and *** deal with the prediction and diagnosis of COVID-19,we propose an Internet of Medical Things-based Smart Monitoring Hierarchical Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System(IoMTSM-HMFIS).The proposed system determines the various factors like fever,cough,complete blood count,respiratory rate,Ct-chest,Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein,family history,and antibody detection(lgG)that are directly involved in *** expert system has two input variables in layer 1,and seven input variables in layer *** layer 1,the initial identification for COVID-19 is considered,whereas in layer 2,the different factors involved are ***,advanced lab tests are conducted to identify the actual current status of the *** major focus of this study is to build an IoMT-based smart monitoring system that can be used by anyone exposed to COVID-19;the system would evaluate the user’s health condition and inform them if they need consultation with a specialist for ***-2019a tool is used to conduct the *** COVID-19 IoMTSM-HMFIS system has an overall accuracy of approximately 83%.Finally,to achieve improved performance,the analysis results of the system were shared with experts of the Lahore General Hospital,Lahore,Pakistan.

关键词： IoMT MERS-COV Ct-chest ESR/CRP ABD(lgG) Fuzzy logic HMFIS WHO

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