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Pre-treatment of rocks prior to comminution--A critical review of present practices

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第2期27卷 339-348页

作者： somani aditya Nandi Tapas K. Pal Samir K. Majumder Arun K. Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India Cryogenic Engineering Centre Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

It has been an established fact that comminution processes, crushing and grinding, are most energy intensive processes which account for more than half of the total energy consumed in mineral *** alternative pre-treatment methods have been tried by experts around the globe. Although these methods yielded positive results in terms of reduction in energy consumption in crushing and particularly, in grinding operations at laboratory scale, their industrial application still remains an unresolved issue and challenge. Present review paper describes each one of these methods along with outcome of earlier studies and issues that need to be addressed through further rigorous experimental *** also suggests the direction in which future studies can be carried out to meet the primary objective of making comminution processes more energy efficient than today they are.

关键词： Comminution Rock breakage Microwave Thermal shock

Role of endoscopic ultrasound in idiopathic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第38期23卷 6952-6961页

作者： Piyush somani Tagore Sunkara Malay Sharma Department of Gastr-oenterology Jaswant Rai Speciality Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Brooklyn Hospital Center Clinical Affliate of The Mount Sinai Hospital

Recurrent acute pancreatitis(RAP) is defined based on the occurrence of two or more episodes of acute pancreatitis. The initial evaluation fails to detect the cause of RAP in 10%-30% of patients, whose condition is classified as idiopathic RAP(IRAP). Idiopathic acute pancreatitis(IAP) is a diagnostic challenge for gastroenterologists. In view of associated morbidity and mortality, it is important to determine the aetiology of pancreatitis to provide early treatment and prevent recurrence. Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) is an investigation of choice for imaging of pancreas and biliary tract. In view of high diagnostic accuracy and safety of EUS, a EUS based management strategy appears to be a reasonable approach for evaluation of patients with a single/recurrent idiopathic pancreatitis. The most common diagnoses by EUS in IAP is biliary tract disease. The present review aims to discuss the role of EUS in the clinical management and diagnosis of patients with IAP. It elaborates the diagnostic approach to IAP in relation to EUS and other different modalities. Controversial issues in IAP like when to perform EUS, whether to perform after first episode or recurrent episodes, comparison among different investigations and the latest evidence significance are detailed.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Pancreatitis ERCP MRCP USG CT Idiopathic recurrent pancreatitis Ascariasis Pancreatic cancer Biliary sludge Gallstones Microlithiasis Common bile duct stones

IMPROVING THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COPPER ALLOYS BY THERMO-MECHANICAL PROCESSING

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第2期17卷 111-117页

作者： M.C.somani L.P.Karjalainen Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Oulu90014 OuluFinlandDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Oulu90014 OuluFinland

Systematic physical simulation of thermo-mechanical processing routes has been ap-plied on a Gleeble 1500 simulator to four copper alloys (mass %) Cu-0.57Co-0.32Si,Cu-0.55Cr-0.065P, Cu-0.22Zr-0.035Si and Cu-1.01Ni-0.43Si aimed at clarifying theinfluences of processing conditions on their final properties, strength and electricalconductivity. Flow curves were determined over wide temperature and strain rateranges. Hardness was used as a measure of the strength level achieved. High hard-ness was obtained as using equal amounts (strains 0.5) of cold deformation beforeand after the precipitation annealing stage. The maximum values achieved for theCu-Co-Si, Cu-Cr-P, Cu-Zr-Si and Cu-Ni-Si alloys were 190, 165, 178 and 193 HV5,respectively. A thermo-mechanical schedule involving the hot deformation-ageing-colddeformation stages showed even better results for the Cu-Zr-Si alloy. Consequently,the processing routes were designed based on simulation test results and wires of 5 and2mm in diameters have been successfully processed in the industrial scale.

关键词： copper allys thermo-mechanical processing ageing strength flow stress hardness

Diagnosing upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A review of the role of diagnostic ureteroscopy and novel developments over last two decades

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 242-252页

作者： Paul Gravestock Daniel Cullum Bhaskar somani Rajan Veeratterapillay Urology Department Freeman HospitalNewcastle Upon TyneUK Department of Urology University Hospital SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

Objective: The role of ureteroscopy in the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma is yet to be fully determined. We aimed to provide an up to date evaluation of its role and the emerging technologies in the ***: A literature search of the last two decades (from 24th May, 2001 to 24th May, 2021) was carried out identifying 147 papers for potential inclusion within this narrative ***: Diagnostic ureteroscopy is undeniably useful in its ability to visualise and biopsy indeterminate lesions, and to risk stratify malignant lesions that may be suitable for kidney sparing surgery. However, an increased risk of intravesical recurrence following nephroureterectomy when a prior diagnostic ureteroscopy has been performed, inadequate sampling at biopsy, complications from the procedure, and difficult ureteric access are all potential drawbacks. Furthermore, whilst generally an accurate diagnostic procedure, it risks missing carcinoma in-situ lesions. Despite this, evidence shows that routine use of ureteroscopy changes the management of patients in a large proportion of cases, preventing unnecessary surgery or facilitating kidney sparing surgery. The overall rate of complications is low, and improved biopsy techniques and the use of tissue biomarkers for improved staging and grading are encouraging. The risks of delays to definitive management and post-ureteroscopy intravesical recurrence do not seem to affect survival, and trials are in progress to determine whether intravesical therapy can mitigate the latter. Further promising techniques are being investigated to improve shortcomings, particularly in relation to improved diagnosis of carcinoma in situ and preoperative ***: Ureteroscopy has a role in the diagnosis of upper tract malignancy, though whether it should be used routinely is yet to be determined.

关键词： Ureteroscopy Carcinoma Transitional cell Ureteralneoplasms Urinary bladder neoplasms Carcinomainsitu Biopsy

DISCREPANCIES IN THE REGRESSION MODELLING OF RECRYSTALLIZATION RATE AS USING THE DATA FROM PHYSICAL SIMULATION TESTS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第3期17卷 221-228页

作者： L.P.Karjalainen M.C.somani S.F.Medina Department of Mechanical Engineering University of OuluFIN-90014 OuluFinlandDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of OuluFIN-90014 OuluFinlandCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Metallurgicas(CENIM-CSIC) ES-28040 Madrid Spain

The analysis of numerous experimental equations published in the literature reveals awide scatter in the predictions for the static recrystallization kinetics of steels. Thepowers of the deformation variables, strain and strain rate, similarly as the powerof the grain size vary in these equations. These differences are highlighted and thetypical values are compared between torsion and compression tests. Potential errorsin physical simulation testing are discussed.

关键词： physical simulation static recrystallization regression modeling hot working steel

Observations on the Formation of Ultrafine Ferrite Grain Size in Steels by Physical Simulation Routes

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2003年第z1期19卷 112-114页

作者： L.X. Pan L.P. Karjalainen M. C. somani University of Oulu Department of Mechanical Engineering P.O. Box 4200 FIN-90014 Oulu Finland University of Oulu Department of Mechanical Engineering P.O. Box 4200 FIN-90014 Oulu Finland University of Oulu Department of Mechanical Engineering P.O. Box 4200 FIN-90014 Oulu Finland

Some observations are reported on the simulation of two thermomechanical routes to produce ultrafine ferrite grainsize in steels. One C-Mn grade and Nb, Nb-Ti and Nb-high Ti bearing steels were used in the tests performed ona Gleeble simulator and a laboratory rolling mill. The routes included severe hot deformation of prior grain-refinedaustenite at the temperature close to Ar3 (DIF) and static recrystallization of fine-grained cold-rolled martensite(SRM). It was observed that the hot deformation induces the formation of ferrite above the Ar3 temperature of thesteel, but severe reductions are required for the complete transformation. Strain of 1.2 can result in about 70% offerrite with the grain size of about 1.4～2μm in all the studied steels. Similarly, in short annealing of cold-workedmartensite, the static recrystallization can also lead to a grain size of about 1.5 μm. The distribution of carbonvaries in the microstructures, carbon being in the second phase in the DIF route and in carbide particles in the SRMroute, which may have a significant influence on the mechanical properties and the thermal stability of ultrafine grainstructure.

关键词： Ultrafine grain size, Steels, Physical simulation, Strain-induced ferrite, Cold rolling and annealing

Nimotuzumab with Concurrent Chemo-Radiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck (LASCCHN)

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第4期6卷 356-361页

作者： Naresh somani Department of Clinical Trial and Research Bhagwan Mahaveer Cancer Hospital and Research Centre Jaipur India

Background: Head and neck cancers (HNCs) constitute 5% of all cancers globally and are the most common cancers in India. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have not been proved to be effective in advanced cases and the prognosis remains dismal. This underscores the need for newer treatment options in these cases. Nimotuzumab, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) monoclonal antibody, was safer when combined with chemo- or radio-therapy. Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of concurrently administered nimotuzumab with chemo-radiotherapy in patients with advanced inoperable squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck (LASCCHN). Methods:?This was an open-label, single arm study evaluating 57 patients with histologically confirmed inoperable LASCCHN (stages III and IV) and eastern co-operative oncology group (ECOG) performance status < 2. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. The patients were administered IV cisplatin 30 mg/m2?and IV nimotuzumab 200 mg weekly for 6 weeks, along with radiotherapy of 6600 cGy over 33 fractions. Patients were evaluated over response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) criteria 24 weeks after the last cycle of chemotherapy. Results: Mean age of patient was 50 years old (29 - 79 years old). The most common site of cancer was oral cavity (56.1%). Forty six patients (80.7%) completed 6 cycles of therapy. Objective response rate (ORR) was 80.7%, with 34 patients (59.6%) achieving complete response (CR), and 12 (21%) achieving partial response (PR). Stable disease (SD) was noted in 8 (14%) patients and progressive disease in 3 (5.2%) patients. Conclusion: Addition of nimotuzumab is a safe and efficacious option in patients with inoperable LASCCHN. Our observations confirm the available Phase II data. The long term survival benefits based on this encouraging response rate need to be further evaluated in this subset of cancer patients.

关键词： Nimotuzumab Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Anti-EGFR) Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck (LASCCHN)

Evaluating newer generation intraocular lens calculation formulas in manual versus femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第8期14卷 1174-1178页

作者： Harrish Nithianandan Soumya Sharma Eric S.Tam Hannah Chiu Rajiv Maini Sohel somani Department of Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences McGill UniversityMontreal H4A 3S5Canada Ryerson University TorontoOntario M5B 2K3Canada Department of Ophthalmology University of TorontoToronto M5T 3A9Canada Uptown Eye Specialists VaughanOntario L4K 2Z5Canada William Osler Health System BramptonOntario L6R 3J7Canada

AIM:To determine the refractive accuracy of the Haigis,Barrett Universal II(Barrett),and Hill-radial basis function 2.0(Hill-RBF)intraocular lens(IOL)power calculations formulas in eyes undergoing manual cataract surgery(MCS)and refractive femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(Re LACS).METHODS:This was a REB-approved,retrospective interventional comparative case series of 158 eyes of 158 patients who had preoperative biometry completed using the IOL Master 700 and underwent implantation of a Tecnis IOL following uncomplicated cataract surgery using either MCS or *** spherical equivalence(SE)was predicted using the Haigis,Barrett,and Hill-RBF *** older generation formula(Hoffer Q)was included in the *** refractive error(ME)was calculated one month *** lens factors of all formulas were retrospectively optimized to set the ME to 0 for each formula across all *** median absolute errors(MedAE)and the proportion of eyes achieving an absolute error(AE)within 0.5 diopters(D)were compared between the two formulas among MCS and ReLACS eyes,***:Of the 158 eyes studied,64 eyes underwent MCS and 94 eyes underwent *** MCS eyes,the MedAE did not differ between the formulas(P=0.59),however among ReLACS eyes,Barrett and Hill-RBF were more accurate(P=0.001).Barrett and Hill-RBF were both more likely to yield AE<0.5 D among both groups(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The Barrett and Hill-RBF formula lead to greater refractive accuracy and likelihood of refractive success when compare to Haigis in eyes undergoing Re LACS.

关键词： phacoemulsification cataract femtosecond laser intraocular lens

Distinct transcriptomic landscapes of cutaneous basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第2期8卷 181-192页

作者： Jun Wan Hongji Dai Xiaoli Zhang Sheng Liu Yuan Lin Ally-Khan somani Jingwu Xie Jiali Han Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA School of Informatics and Computing Indiana University e Purdue University at IndianapolisIndianapolisIN46202USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyNational Clinical Research Center of CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300000PR China Wells Center for Pediatric Research Department of PediatricsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA Department of Epidemiology Richard M.Fairbanks School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN46202USA Dermatologic Surgery&Cutaneous Oncology Division Department of DermatologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA

The majority of non-melanoma skin cancer(NMSC)is cutaneous basal cell carcinoma(BCC)or squamous cell carcinoma(SCC),which are also called keratinocyte carcinomas,as both of them originate from *** incidence of keratinocyte carcinomas is over 5 million per year in the US,three-fold higher than the total incidence of all other types of cancer *** there are several reports on gene expression profiling of BCC and SCC,there are significant variations in the reported gene expression changes in different *** reason is that tumor-adjacent normal skin specimens were not included in many studies as matched ***,while numerous studies of skin stem cells in mouse models have been reported,their relevance to human skin cancer remains *** this report,we analyzed gene expression profiles of paired specimens of keratinocyte carcinomas with their matched normal skin tissues as the *** several novel findings,we discovered a significant number of zinc finger encoding genes up-regulated in human *** BCC,a novel link was found between hedgehog signaling,Wnt signaling,and the *** the SCC cancerstem-cell gene signature is shared between human and mouse SCCs,the hair follicle stem-cell signature of mice was not highly represented in human *** gene expression(DEG)in human BCC shares gene signature with both bulge and epidermal stem *** have also determined that human BCCs and SCCs have distinct gene expression patterns,and some of them are not fully reflected in current mouse models.

关键词： Basal cell carcinoma Gli1 Hedgehog signaling PTCH1 Squamous cell carcinoma