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Establishing two-stage interaction between fly ash and NaOH by X-ray and infrared analyses

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第2期9卷 216-221页

作者： Bhagwanjee JHA Nevin KOSHY Devendra narain SINGH Civil Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai 400076 India

The interaction of the fly ash and NaOH, in an open reflux hydrothermal system at 100℃, has been explored by several researchers and formation of fly ash zeolites has been confirmed based on the X-ray diffraction analysis of the residues. However, this method does not reveal much about the characteristic transitions （viz. elemental, electro-negativity and cation exchange capa- city） of the residues. In this situation, resorting to Fourier transform-infrared radiation （FT-IR） spectroscopy on the residues obtained from two-stage hydrothermal treatment process, described in this manuscript, appears to be a novel idea to establish transitions in chemical bonds （viz., -Si- OH-AI-, OH-Na, OH-A1-）, crystallinity and cation exchange capacity of these residues. Based on extensive studies, it has been demonstrated that FT-IR spectroscopy is extremely useful for 1） detection of chemical bonds in the residues, 2） evaluation of zeolites in the residues and 3） also establishing the superiority of the two-stage interac- tion of the fly ash with NaOH for synthesizing better fly ash zeolites （viz., Na-P1 and Hydroxysodalte） as compared to those obtained from the conventional single-stage treatment of the fly ash.

关键词： hydrothermal treatment alkali activation flyash zeolites X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform-infrared radiation (FT-IR) spectroscopy

A novel method of water remediation of organic pollutants and industrial wastes by solution- route processed CZTS nanocrystals

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Journal of Materiomics 2021年第5期7卷 904-919页

作者： Pooja Semalti Vikash Sharma Shailesh narain Sharma CSIR-National Physical Laboratory(NPL) Dr.K.S.Krishnan RoadNew Delhi110012India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Council of Scientific&Industrial Research(CSIR)-Human Resource Development Centre(CSIRHRDC)CampusGhaziabadUttar Pradesh201002India

CZTS(Cu_(2)ZnSnS_(4)),a P-type semiconductor with a direct bandgap(1.2-1.7eV),earth-abundant,non-toxic,and has a large absorption coefficient makes it extremely useful in optoelectronics and light-harvesting *** this work,CZTS is prepared by an ingenious,cost-effective colloidal route using the‘hotinjection’method with the usage of different *** XRD and Raman spectroscopy shows the single-phase highly crystalline CZTS nanoparticles with kesterite *** TEM results show that the size of CZTS nanoparticles is about 2-5 nm and monodispersity is confirmed by DLS(Dynamic Light Scattering).FTIR confirms the presence of different ligands used in CZTS *** Uv-vis absorption shows the direct bandgap of *** contact angle study shows the hydrophobic nature of as-synthesized CZTS nanoparticles which were further ligand exchanged with L-cysteine hydrochloride to make it hydrophilic to study the photocatalytic degradation activity of organic pollutants and industrial waste in the *** photocatalysis experiments were performed under two conditions:(i)under bare sunlight(Intensity~900 W/m^(2))(ii)focussing the sample under the sunlight via converging lens(1800 W/m^(2)).The photocatalytic efficiencies were then compared and the best photocatalytic efficiency achieved under sunlight was 98.4%for organic pollutants and 75%for industrial waste via converging lens while the corresponding efficiencies with bare sunlight were 98.1% and 73% *** the best of the author’s knowledge,a rapid and highly efficient photocatalysis of CZTS NPs employing a converging lens for water-remediation without the usage of noble&transition-metals has been reported for the first time.

关键词： Photocatalysis Copper zinc tin sulfide(CZTS) Converging lens Industrial waste Hot injection Organic pollutants Nanoparticles TOP TOPO

Discussion on“Dispersion characteristics of clayey soils containing waste rubber particles”[J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 15(2023)3050-3058]

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3864-3865页

作者： Prithvendra Singh Devendra narain Singh Pintu Kumar Saw Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India

We read with great interest the recent article by Erenson(2023)entitled“Dispersion characteristics of clayey soils containing waste rubber particles”.The author has studied the dispersion characteristics of clayey soils containing different percentages of waste rubber particles(WRPs)by performing several tests(*** limit,linear shrinkage limit,double hydrometer,crumb test and pinhole test)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis on five clayey(***-activated bentonite,refined ball clay,Ukrainian kaolin,Avanos kaolin and Afyon clay)samples containing 0%,5%,10%and 15%*** should be noted that Erenson(2023)has presented some interesting observations,but there are some serious issues that we want to share through this discussion and request the author of the original paper to address them to avoid their persistence in the scientific literature.

关键词： Waste rubber particles Dispersion characteristics Clay Bentonite Scientific literature Discussion

Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency: A Mutation Update

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第5期42卷 181-194页

作者： Ljubica Caldovic Iman Abdikarim Sahas narain Mendel Tuchman Hiroki Morizono Department of Integrative Systems Biology Center for Genetic Medicine Research Children's National Health System Department of Anthropology College of Arts and Sciences Washington University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Professional Studies College of Medicine Drexel University

Ornithine transcarbamylase （OTC） deficiency is an X-linked trait that accounts for nearly half of all inherited disorders of the urea cycle. OTC is one of the enzymes common to both the urea cycle and the bacterial arginine biosynthesis pathway; however, the role of OTC has changed over evolution. For animals with a urea cycle, defects in OTC can trigger hyperammonemic episodes that can lead to brain damage and death. This is the fifth mutation update for human OTC with previous updates reported in 1993, 1995, 2002, and 2006. In the 2006 update, 341 mutations were reported. This current update contains 417 disease-causing mutations, and also is the first report of this series to incorporate information about natural variation of the OTC gene in the general population through examination of publicly available genomic data and examination of phenotype/genotype correlations from patients participating in the Urea Cycle Disorders Consortium Longitudinal Study and the first to evaluate the suitability of systematic computational approaches to predict severity of disease associated with different types of OTC mutations.

关键词： Ornithine transcarbamylase Mutation Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency Urea cycle Hyperammonemia

Evaluation of ecosystem supply services and calculation of economic value in Kargil District

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Regional Sustainability 2022年第2期3卷 157-169页

作者： Sabir HUSSAIN Sheenu SHARMA Anand narain SINGH Soil Ecosystem and Restoration Ecology Lab Department of BotanyPanjab UniversityChandigarh160014India

Mountain ecosystem provides numerous vital ecosystem services(ESs)to the people residing within or near the mountains *** mountains provide services such as timber,fibre,fodder,fuelwood,medicine,aesthetic,recreation,ritual,and religion,and many other services that are vital for the maintenance of the *** mountains of Barsoo and Tai-Suru regions in Kargil District are much familiar for their ESs supply,and the residents have utilized these services for *** present study was focused on the provisioning *** used a random sample approach for household selection and data collection regarding the pre-prepared questionnaire;the number of households was obtained from government census *** primary ESs(identified by more than 40%of the respondents)were assessed through the direct market valuation *** direct market valuation method produced an overwhelming value,specifically for grazing and fodder services in both regions of the study *** showed that grazing service was valued at 482,346.43 USD/a for Barsoo region and 1,458,099.04 USD/a for Tai-Suru ***,fodder service of Barsoo and Tai-Suru regions corresponded to values of 69,833.61 and 110,886.06 USD/a,*** the other hand,food service of Barsoo and Tai-Suru regions was valued at 2601.04 and 2969.90 USD/a,respectively,and medicinal service was valued at 757.39 and 4430.94 USD/a in Barsoo and Tai-Suru regions,*** addition,the regions were economically backwards,and the resident’s survival and well-being relied on the mountain ***,it is not possible for the residents to pay services replacement costs if the services need to replace by other ***,such mountain ecosystem is highly prone to climate change and other human activities that would negatively impact the ecosystem ***,this study would be helpful for the policymakers of the region to draft any developmental plan/framework by integrating the value

关键词： Mountain ecosystem Ecosystem services Sustainability Livelihood Direct market valuation method Barsoo Tai-Suru

Effect of sample size on the fluid flow through a single fractured granitoid

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2016年第3期8卷 329-340页

作者： Kunal Kumar Singh Devendra narain Singh Ranjith Pathegama Gamage Geohazards and Engineering Geology Division Geological Survey of India Bandlaguda Hyderabad 500068 India Geotechnical Engineering Division Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India Department of Civil Engineering Monash University Clayton Melbourne Vic 3800 Australia

Most of deep geological engineered structures, such as rock caverns, nuclear waste disposal repositories, metro rail tunnels, multi-layer underground parking, are constructed within hard crystalline rocks because of their high quality and low matrix permeability. In such rocks, fluid flows mainly through fractures. Quantification of fractures along with the behavior of the fluid flow through them, at different scales, becomes quite important. Earlier studies have revealed the influence of sample size on the confining stress-permeability relationship and it has been demonstrated that permeability of the fractured rock mass decreases with an increase in sample size. However, most of the researchers have employed numerical simulations to model fluid flow through the fractureJfracture network, or laboratory investigations on intact rock samples with diameter ranging between 38 mm and 45 cm and the diameter-to-length ratio of 1：2 using different experimental methods. Also, the confining stress, 03, has been considered to be less than 30 MPa and the effect of fracture roughness has been ignored. In the present study, an extension of the previous studies on ＂laboratory simulation of flow through single fractured granite＂ was conducted, in which consistent fluid flow experiments were performed on cylindrical samples of granitoids of two different sizes （38 mm and 54 mm in diameters）, containing a ＂rough walled single fracture＂. These experiments were performed under varied confining pressure （03 - 5-40 MPa）, fluid pressure （fp ≤ 25 MPa）, and fracture roughness. The results indicate that a nonlinear relationship exists between the discharge, Q, and the effective confining pressure, σeff., and Q decreases with an increase in σeff.. Also, the effects of sample size and fracture roughness do not persist when O＇eff. ≥ 20 MPa. It is expected that such a study will be quite useful in correlating and extrapolating the laboratory scale investigations to in-situ scale and further imp

关键词： Rock massSingle fractureFluid flowSample sizeSize effectFracture roughness

Status of research on lactones used as aroma:A bibliometric review

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Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 17-31页

作者： Juliete Pedreira Nogueira Iago Hudson da Silva Souza Julianna Karla Santana Andrade Narendra narain Laboratory of Flavor and Chromatographic Analyzes Federal University of SergipeSão CristóvãoSEBrazil

The lactones belong to a class of organic compounds relevant to the flavors and fragrances industry by imparting fruity,creamy,and aromatic notes with application in various products in the food,beverage,and *** aim of this review was providing the status of the published research and the panorama of patents filed under biotechnological production of aroma lactones(BPAL).Therefore,a bibliometric analysis and a technological prospection were carried out on the BPAL between 2000 and *** tools permitted to identify relevant publications,research networks,and prominent journals,authors,institutions,and *** hundred and nine scientific publications were recovered in Scopus®and Web of Science™,while in 1161 patent documents were reviewed in The Lens *** results showed that both scientific and technological productions on BPAL have been developing in recent *** Letters and Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology were the two journals with more BPAL research *** stood out in the number of scientific publications,and China had the highest number of patent *** Institute of Technology and Konkuk University have not only excelled in scientific production,but also in production *** low prevalence of international cooperation consolidated networks was ***,the research focused on the production ofγ-decalactone from the biotransformation of methyl ricinoleate by Yarrowia lipolytica *** review revealed that,in recent years,the researchers have also investigated the production of other lactones,e.g.γ-dodecalactone,from non-hydroxylated fatty acids using enzymatic hydrolysis.

关键词： Aroma compounds Bibliometrics Biotransformation Intellectual property

Variability in Grain Quality Characters of Upland Rice of Assam,India

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Rice science 2010年第4期17卷 330-333页

作者： Sunayana RATHI Raj narain Singh YADAV Ramendra Nath SARMA Centre for Studies in Biotechnology Dibrugarh University Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics Assam Agricultural University

The grain quality of 100 uplandlahu rice genotypes from Assam, India was assessed. The characteristics measured were grain length, grain width, cooked grain length, cooked grain width, grain elongation ratio after cooking, grain widening ratio after cooking, alkali spreading value, gel consistency, as well as starch, amylose, amylopectin and total soluble sugar contents. Considerable genetic variability among the 100 rice genotypes was observed for the characteristics under study. Analysis of vadance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the characteristics. The difference between genotypic coefficient of variation （GCV） and phenotypic coefficient of variation （PCV） was very small for all the characteristics analyzed. High GCV and PCV were found in the characteristic of total soluble sugar content followed by alkali spreading value. The high values for these traits signify the scope for selection to develop superior genotypes. High heritability was recorded in all the characteristics analyzed along with diverse genetic advance which varied from 9.71% to 52.83%. The characteristic of total soluble sugar content showed high heritability with high genetic advance, whereas alkali spreading value and grain widening ratio presented high hedtability with moderate genetic advance. This implies that these characteristics are mainly under additive gene effects and could be relied upon further selection based on phenotypic performance. The genotypic correlation coefficient was higher than the phenotypic correlation coefficient, indicating strong inherent associations among the characteristics studied.

关键词： upland rice alkali spreading value gel consistency genetic variability grain quality

A clinical decision support system using rough set theory and machine learning for disease prediction

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 200-208页

作者： Kamakhya narain Singh Jibendu Kumar Mantri Department of Computer Application Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo UniversityBaripadaIndia

Objective Technological advances have led to drastic changes in daily life,and particularly healthcare,while traditional diagnosis methods are being replaced by technology-oriented models and paper-based patient health-care records with digital *** the latest technology and data mining techniques,we aimed to develop an automated clinical decision support system(CDSS),to improve patient prognoses and healthcare *** proposed approach placed a strong emphasis on improvements that meet patient,parent,and physician *** developed a flexible framework to identify hepatitis,dermatological conditions,hepatic disease,and autism in adults and provide results to patients as *** novelty of this CDSS lies in its inte-gration of rough set theory(RST)and machine learning(ML)techniques to improve clinical decision-making accuracy and *** Data were collected through various web-based *** preprocessing techniques were applied to encode categorical features,conduct min-max scaling,and remove null and duplicate *** most prevalent feature in the class and standard deviation were used to fill missing categorical and continuous feature values,respectively.A rough set approach was applied as feature selection,to remove highly redundant and irrelevant ***,various ML techniques,including K nearest neighbors(KNN),linear support vector machine(LSVM),radial basis function support vector machine(RBF SVM),decision tree(DT),random forest(RF),and Naive Bayes(NB),were employed to analyze four publicly available benchmark medical datasets of different types from the UCI repository and *** model was implemented in Python,and various validity metrics,including precision,recall,F1-score,and root mean square error(RMSE),applied to measure its *** Features were selected using an RST approach and examined by RF analysis and important features of hepatitis,dermatology conditions,hepatic dis

关键词： Clinical decision support system Disease classification Machine learning classifier Medical data Recommendation Rough set