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Experimental Investigation of the Stability of the Performance Characteristics of a Photovoltaic Module in the Face of Environmental and Meteorological Factors

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 589-608页

作者： adingra paul arsène kouassi Siaka Touré Diakaridja Traoré Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences des Structures de la Matière et Technologie (UFR-SSMT) Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The explosive technological improvement of photovoltaic systems as well as the necessity of populations to come to less expensive energy sources, that have led to an implosion at the level of solar panel manufacturers. This causes a large flow of these equipments to developing countries where the need is high, without any quality control. That conducted an experimental investigation on the performance characteristics of a 250 wp monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module in other to check the verification and quality control. Most of these PV panels which often have missing informations are manufactured and tested in places that are inadequate for our environmental and meteorological conditions. Also, their influences on the stability of internal parameters were evaluated in order to optimize their performance. The results obtained at maximum illumination (1000 w/m2) confirmed those produced by the manufacturer. The analysis of these characteristics showed that the illumination and the temperature (meteorological factors) influenced at most the stability of the internal characteristics of the module in the sense that the maximum power increased very rapidly beyond 750 w/m2 but a degradation of performance was accentuated for a temperature of the solar cells exceeding 50°C. The degradation coefficients were evaluated at -0.0864 V/°C for the voltage and at -1.6248 w/°C for the power. The 10° inclination angle of the solar panel proved to be ideal for optimizing overall efficiency in practical situations.

关键词： Renewables Energies Instruments Internal Parameters of Photovoltaic Panel Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Panel Solar Energy Production Energy Intermittence

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Climate Change and Dynamics of the ITCZ on the Hydro-Climatic Regime of the Northern Ecosystems of the Gulf of Guinea: A Case of the Grand-Lahou Lagoon System

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2022年第4期12卷 635-647页

作者： Kanakounou Jean-Marie Kone Vamara Kone kouassi Aimé Yao kouassi paul Anoh Centre de Recherches Océanologiques Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Institut de Géographie Tropicale Université Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

Atmospheric dynamics and climatology in West Africa are strongly dominated by the latitudinal migration of the ITCZ which imposes directly or indirectly determinism on coastal ecosystems. Thus, the Grand-Lahou lagoon system and its watershed are influenced by the ITCZ, whose seasonal study made it possible to understand its mode of action first on climatic factors, then hydroclimatic, and finally hydrological in the context of global changes. The study of these factors showed a differentiated impact of its migration on the hydrological regime defining a new configuration of the lagoon system and beyond;the coastal ecosystems of the northern coast of the Gulf of Guinea irrigated by numerous fluvial inputs. Salinity, a hydrological parameter of critical ecosystem importance, combined with transparency and depth, has enabled the spatio-temporal description of hydrology. To do this, a series of monthly measurements (in-situ) for spatial coverage of 25 stations was tested. Long before that, the climatic and hydroclimatic parameters were obtained respectively at SODEXAM, the meteorological site *** and ONADE. This study brought together the dynamics of the ITCZ and the hydrological system of the lagoon.

关键词： Climate Change Dynamics of the ITCZ Hydro-Climatic Regime Grand-Lahou Lagoon System Coastal Ecosystems

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Predictive Study of Trace Metal Pollution of Gold Panning Sites in Birimian Formations: Case of the Yaouré Furrow (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第7期14卷 1691-1714页

作者： Tonga paul Tiemoko Gbele Ouattara kouassi Ernest Ahoussi Laboratoire des Sciences Gographiques du Gnie Civil et des Gosciences Institut National Polytechnique Flix Houphout-Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Laboratoiredes Sciences du Sol delEauetdes Gomatriaux Universit Flix Houphout-Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan-Cocody Cte dIvoire

The present study was carried out on small-scale gold mining sites in the Yaouré region of Côte d’Ivoire. This region is geologically representative of the Birimian formations (2.1 Ga) of West Africa. The aim is to determine the potentially toxic trace metals (TMEs) generated by these sites, with a view to preventing possible contamination and/or metal pollution of the waters that provide fish products for local populations. To this end, a sampling campaign was carried out, resulting in the collection of 20 mining waste samples analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and 10 by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The XRF analysis detected 06 predominant TMEs: arsenic, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc and vanadium. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the distributions and correlations between these ETMs. To assess contamination and/or pollution levels, the following indices were calculated on the basis of reference concentrations of upper continental crust MTEs: Enrichment Factor, Geo-accumulation Index, Concentration Factor, Degree of contamination and those related to ecological risks. The results of statistical analyses and indices have shown that arsenic and chromium are the most predominant and can be, depending on the chemical form, potentially more toxic. The results of the DRX analysis show the occurrence of several minerals carrying these two MTEs, especially that of a rare mineral, Stenhuggarite, an arsenic oxide linked to hydrothermal veins. The majority of gold mining operations in West Africa are located in the birimian zone, hence the need for environmental monitoring by the relevant authorities, to prevent potential ecological risks to water and possibly health risks via the food chain.

关键词： Small-Scale Mining Metallic Trace Elements Mining Discharges Contamination Pollution Contamination Pollution Index

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Numerical Study of a West African Squall Line Using a Regional Climate Model

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2012年第1期2卷 14-22页

作者： Benjamin kouassi Adama Diawara Yves K. Kouadio Guy Schayes Fidèle Yoroba Anderson A. kouassi Eric-Pascal Zahiri paul Assamoi 不详

The squall line of 21-22 August 1992, documented during the HAPEX-Sahel campaign, is simulated using the regional atmospheric model (MAR). The simulated results are compared to observational data. The aim of this work is both to test the capacity of this model to reproduce tropical disturbances in West Africa and to use this model as a meteorological one. It allows simulating high moisture content in the lower layers. The MAR simulates well updrafts whereas downward currents are neglected. This result may be due to convective scheme used to parameterize the convection in the model. The forecast of stability indexes used to define violent storms shows that the model is able to reproduce the squall line. Despite some differences with the observational data, the model shows its ability to reproduce major characteristics of the mesoscale convective disturbances.

关键词： Mesoscale Meteorology Model Squall Line Simulation

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Surgical Treatment of Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis in a Developing Country

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2022年第11期12卷 281-191页

作者： kouassi Antonin Souaga Eric Koutoua Katché Yoboua Aimé Kirioua-Kamenan Jean Calaire Degré Kwadjau Anderson Amani Gnamien Randolph Niava Joseph Kouamé paul Yapo Yapo kouassi Flavien Kendja Cardiovascular Surgery Department The Abidjan Heart Institute Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department The Abidjan Heart Institute Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Background: Chronic constrictive pericarditis is a rare but serious clinical entity with a poor prognosis in the absence of surgical treatment. The purpose of this study was to report on our experience of subtotal anterior pericardectomy and analyze our surgical results. Results: We included 74 patients operated on for chronic constrictive pericarditis in our institution during the period from January 1985 to December 2020. There were 29 female and 45 male patients, with an average age of 28 years (range: 8 - 64 years). 36.5% of patients were in NYHA class III or IV. Physical signs were dominated by peripheral signs of right heart failure in 93.2% of cases. The surgical procedure was a subtotal anterior pericardectomy from the left to the right phrenic nerve, freeing the heart chambers and the large vessels. The surgical results were marked by a functional improvement in 82.4% of the cases. The postoperative complications were marked by a low cardiac output in 8.1% of the cases, a atrial fibrillation in 4.1% of the cases, a haemorrhage in 1.4% of the cases, a haemothorax in 2.7% of the cases. Perioperative mortality was 5.4% patients. The causes of death were low cardiac output in 50% of cases, hemorrhage in 25% of cases, and hepatocellular insufficiency in 25% of cases. We observed a mortality of 2.9% after an average follow-up of 5.17 years ± 4.76 years. All other survivors were asymptomatic and no re-intervention for recurrence was performed. Conclusions: Subtotal anterior pericardectomy was the technique we used for the treatment of chronic constrictive pericarditis. It allowed having satisfactory surgical results with a functional improvement and an acceptable morbidity.

关键词： Constrictive Pericarditis Subtotal Pericardectomy Result

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Surgical Myocardial Revascularization in a Sub-Saharan African Country: Indications and Results

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2021年第11期11卷 95-103页

作者： kouassi Antonin Souaga Gnamien Randolph Niava Eric Koutoua Katché Kwadjau Anderson Amani Yoboua Aimé Kirioua-Kamenan Jean Calaire Degré Arnau Ekou Aka Roland N’guetta Joseph Kouamé Landry Kohou-Koné Yapo paul Yapo kouassi Flavien Kendja kouassi Michel Kangah Cardiovascular Surgery Department of the Abidjan Heart Institute Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Hemodynamics Department of the Abidjan Heart Institute Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department of the Abidjan Heart Institute Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Despite the advances of interventional catheterization, surgery remains the treatment of choice for some coronary lesions. Objective: To report the indications and results of surgical revascularization of the myocardium at the Abidjan Heart Institute. Patient and Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with coronary insufficiency who underwent surgical myocardial revascularization between March 2014 and May 2020 in the Cardiovascular Surgery Department of the Abidjan Heart Institute. There were 17 patients, 11 of whom were men (64.7%) and 6 women (35.3%), The mean age of the patients was 57.5 years ± 8.8. All patients were symptomatic with disabling angina in class III of the Canadian Cardiac Society (CCS). This sym- ptomatology had been evolving on average for 5 years and 6 patients had a history of acute coronary syndrome, 2 of whom had undergone prior angioplasty. Coronary angiography revealed mono-truncated (17.6%), bi-truncated (23.5%) and tri-truncated (58.8%) lesions. Results: The patients were operated under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) 15 cases (88.2%) and off pump in 2 cases (11.8%). They underwent a single bypass in 23.5% of cases, a double bypass in 47.1% of cases and a triple bypass in 29.4% of cases. We observed 3 cases of complications (17.6%), namely transient acute renal failure, mediastinitis and postoperative bleeding. The operative and hospital mortality was nil. After a mean follow-up of 3 ± 1.8 years, all patients were

关键词： Myocardial Revascularization Coronary Surgery Bypass

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Understanding the Split Characteristics of the Tropical Mesoscale Convective System (MCS) of April 9, 2018, in Northern Ghana Using Infrasound Data

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2021年第1期11卷 1-10页

作者： K. Benjamin kouassi Fidele Yoroba Uchenna Onwuhaka Madu Adama Diawara Kouakou Kouadio paul Antoine Yao Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) UFR-SSMT University FHB Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Station Geophysique de Lamto N’Douci Cote d’Ivoire Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission Abuja Nigeria

The split characteristics of the tropical Mesoscale Convective System (MCS) of April 9, 2018, in northern Ghana were studied using infrasound data measured by the mobile array (I68CI) which was deployed by C?te d’Ivoire National Data Center (NDC) in collaboration with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). These infrasound measurements were made during a measurement campaign from January 1st, 2018 to December 31, 2018, in northeast Cote d’Ivoire, precisely in Comoe National Park. Graphic Progressive Multi-Channel Correlation (GPMCC) method based on a progressive study of the correlation functions was used to analyze and visualize data. The infrasound detection from this MCS shows clearly a division of the MCS structure into 2 distinct subsystems under the effect of internal and external constraints not well known but related to convection;a smaller subsystem in the north, associated with an area of intense rainfall of about 30 mm/hour and located at 9.5°N - 2°E with an azimuth of 70° and, a large subsystem in the south, associated with a zone of high rainfall of about 96 mm/hour and located at 8.8°N - 1.4°E with an azimuth of 90°. These two subsystems were located 200 km and 260 km from the I68CI station with frequencies of 2.3 Hz and 1 Hz respectively. The mesoscale convective systems in this region are moving from East to West and including several storm cells.

关键词： Infrasound Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCS) Cote D’Ivoire Satellite Image

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Sphenoid Sinuses Pneumatization and Association with the Protrusion of Surrounding neurovascular Structures amongst Beninese

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Open Journal of Radiology 2018年第4期8卷 209-216页

作者： Djivèdé Akanni Canicius Ovidio de Souza Kofi-Mensa Savi de Tovè kouassi paul N’zi Patricia Yèkpè Olivier Biaou Vicentia Boco Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Radiology University Teaching Hospital of Borgou Department Parakou Benin Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Department of Radiology National and University Teaching Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga Cotonou Benin Faculty of Medicine University Félix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Institut of Cardiology Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Goal: The aim of this work is to study the relationship between the pneumatization of the adjacent structures of sphenoid sinuses and the protrusion of the neurovascular structures in the sinuses. Methods: A review of 225 CT scans skull was done for subjects aged at least 16 years old from November 1st to December 31st 2017. The pneumatization of adjacent structures of sphenoid sinuses and its relation with the protrusion of neurovascular structures surround the sinuses have been investigated. We used Fischer Exact test for comparison. The p value Results: Statistically significant associations were found between anterior clinoid process bilateral pneumatization and bilateral protrusion of carotid canal (p Conclusion: Compared to the literature, the prevalence of pneumatization of the adjacent structures of sphenoid sinuses was lower on Beninese than Caucasian and Asian. But there were the same correlations with the protrusion of neurovascular structures. In case of endonasal surgery of the sphenoid sinuses, surgeon should be aware of the high possibility the injury of optic nerves and internal carotid artery.

关键词： Sphenoid Pneumatization neurovascular Structures Association Benin

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Evaluation of Health Risks Related to the Consumption of Fish from the Guéssabo River

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第1期13卷 55-64页

作者： paul Attien Evelyne Toe Kra Athanase kouassi Arthur Constant Zébré Mamayé neolly Gomé Haziz Sina Nanouman Marina Christelle Assohoun-Djeni arsene Konan Ibourehema Coulibaly Baba-Moussa Lamine Adjehi Dadie Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Laboratory of Agrovalorisation Jean Lorougnon Guede University Daloa C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Department of Food Science and Technology Laboratory of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Training and Research Unit of Biological Sciences Department of Biochemistry-Genetic University of Peleforo Gon Coulibaly Korhogo C&#244te d’Ivoire

Fish is rich in essential nutrients but can remain a potential source of food poisoning. A study was, therefore, carried out with the general objective of highlighting the probable biological and chemical dangers associated with the consumption of fish and freshwater fruits from the Guéssabo river. The present study was conducted on 50 carp fish, 50 mackerel fish, 50 frogs and 50 mollusks caught in the Guéssabo River. Microorganisms were enumerated by conventional tests and heavy metals were investigated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. The enumeration showed high levels of thermotolerant Coliforms (2.5 × 104), Enterobacteriaceae (3.4 × 104), S. aureus (2.3 × 103) and Yeast/Molds (2.1 × 104), in all samples the standards were not in conformity with the required standards. High levels of Al (7230 μg/kg) and Cd (21.57 μg/kg) were observed in carp fish and these values are above the standard. In conclusion, the fish caught in the Guéssabo River could be a health risk factor for the consumer.

关键词： Fish Microorganisms Heavy Metals Sanitary Quality Guéssabo River of Côte D’Ivoire

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The Effect of Four Abiotic Factors on Macro-Anatomical Markers Development in <i>Parkia biglobosa</i>, Jack, R. Br., 1830 (Fabaceae) Crown

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第4期12卷 645-661页

作者： Beda Innocent Adji Doffou Sélastique Akaffou Kouadio Henri kouassi Yao Patrice Houphouet Jerôme Duminil Sylvie Sabatier Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé Agroforestry UFR Daloa Cote d’Ivoire CIRAD UMR AMAP Montpellier France AMAP Université Montpellier CIRAD CNRS INRAE IRD Montpellier France IRD UMR-DIADE Montpellier Cedex 5 France DIADE Université Montpellier CIRAD IRD Montpellier France

Interpretation of primary growth markers (modules) is neglected in sustainable resource management processes, yet it opens up prospects for long time series on tree crown development, necessary for their characterization in the current context of climate change. This study aimed to assess the morphological variation of crown shoots in Parkia biglobosa in the face of a changing environment. Axis growth modules of 420 individuals of different ages were retrospectively analyzed in the presence or absence of shading during the wet and dry seasons in seven localities in Cote d’Ivoire. The results showed that the developmental environment of individuals did not influence the growth modules dimensions (P > 0.05). However, module size remained significantly different between locations (P Parkia biglobosa is a monochasial sympod (Pseudo-monopod) with a relay axis that follows the Paul Champagnat architectural model in the young stage, and transits to the Wilhelm Troll model later in the adult and old stage. This information contributes to the understanding of the functioning of crown and the adaptation of this species to a varying environment. It could guide choice of suitable environment and ideal genotype for the implementation of a reforestation or agroforestry programme based on Parkia biglobosa.

关键词： Parkia biglobosa Environment Development Growth Modules Crown

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