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Prevalence of Antibodies to HIV among Students of Selected Tertiary Schools in Two Southwest States, Nigeria

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第8期5卷 83-96页

作者： Gabriel Olugbenga Daramola Adekemi Olubukunola Oluyege Helen Abike Edogun Amos Olakunle Ojerinde Babatunde Ajayi Olofinbiyi Ayodele Oluwaseun Ajayi Olugbenga Omoniyi Ajala Ogunbola Ogunfolakan Adebimpe Egbebi Clement Olawale Esan adegboyega oladele agbaje Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Department of Microbiology Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Federal University University Health Centre Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Federal University Department of Microbiology Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion Ado-Ekiti Nigeria AfeBabalola University Department of Medical Laboratory Science Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University University Health Centre Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

Young adults generally have been identified as one of the groups of individuals who are particularly at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and under-graduates constitute a very significant subset among these young adults. Therefore this research was designed to study the specific factors that put undergraduates in ten selected tertiary institutions in southwest Nigeria at risk of contracting HIVAIDS, as well as determine HIV prevalence in these campuses and the viral load of positive subjects. 1000 undergraduates were enrolled in the study, over a period of forty-two months. Baseline retroviral screening was carried out, using a rapid commercial test-kit, DETERMINE®. Confirmatory tests were carried out on positive samples using Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) technique. The viral load of the positive samples was determined using Real Time PCR, while the CD4+ count was assayed using Cyflow technique. Four out of the 1000 subjects were confirmed to be positive, thus representing an overall prevalence rate of 0.4%. The CD4 count of the positive subjects were 479/L, 368/L, 420/L and 1063/L. Molecular analysis of the positive subjects’ samples using RT-PCR revealed that the level of viral RNA in two of the subjects’ was too low for detection, while the other two positive subjects had 20 cp/ml and 325 cp/ml of viral RNA in their samples. Analyses of both the negative and positive subjects’ questionnaires were carried out, so as to determine the probable risk-factors that predisposed the positive subjects to infection. Hypotheses tested at p < 0.05 revealed that there was a significant difference in the rate at which the subjects were infected with HIV among the age-groups.

关键词： Seroprevalence HIV AIDS Tertiary Schools Undergraduates Ekiti Ondo

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Influence of Non-Natural Ageing Temperature on the Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Cast Aluminum 6063 Alloy

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 91-99页

作者： Oluwole oladele Ayodele Adedeke Olajesu Olanrewaju Samuel Olusunle Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Ondo State Nigeria Engineering Materials Development Institute NASENI Akure Ondo State Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA USA NASENI Abuja Nigeria

This research considered the effect of non-natural aging on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of as-cast aluminum 6063 alloys. The samples were developed through a sand casting process and machined into tensile and impact test samples before carrying out solution heat treatment at 550?C (0.83 Tm) on two parts of the samples while retaining one part as the control. The two parts were further divided into sets denoted A and B and were aged at 180?C (0.27 Tm) and 160?C (0.24 Tm), respectively, for 12 hours. The results showed that sample A has the optimal yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 192 and 206 MPa, respectively. Likewise, the sample gave the highest impact strength value of about 9.63 J/mm2. The observed results were supported by the optical micrograph, which revealed that the sample has evenly dispersed precipitates in its microstructure. This is deemed responsible for the observed increase in strength of the sample.

关键词： Aluminum Alloy Non-Natural Ageing Mechanical Properties Microstructural Features

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Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Antifungal Resistance Profile of Candida auris in Africa: Systematic Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第1期12卷 126-149页

作者： Isidore Wendkièta Yerbanga Seydou Nakanabo Diallo Toussaint Rouamba Delwendé Florence Ouedraogo Katrien Lagrou Rita oladele Jean-Pierre Gangneux Olivier Denis Hector Rodriguez-Villalobos Isabel Montesinos Sanata Bamba Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Régional de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Ecole Doctorale des Sciences De la Santé Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre Muraz/Institut National de Santé Publique Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro Institute for Research in Health Sciences National Center for Scientific and Technological Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation KU Leuven Leuven Belgium and Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Mycosis Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM) University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Univ Rennes CHU Rennes Inserm Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) European ECMM Excellence Center in Medical Mycology Université de Rennes Rennes France Department of Microbiology CHU Namur site-Godinne Université Catholique de Louvain Yvoir Belgium Ecole de Santé Publique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Department of Microbiology Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc—Université Catholique de Louvain Bruxelles Belgium Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sour? Sanou Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Candida auris since it discovery in 2009 is becoming a severe threat to human health due to its very quickly spread, its worldwide high resistance to systemic antifungal drugs. In resource-constrained settings where several conditions are met for its emergence and spread, this worrisome fungus could cause large hospital and/or community-based outbreaks. This review aimed to summarize the available data on C. auris in Africa focusing on its epidemiology and antifungal resistance profile. Major databases were searched for articles on the epidemiology and antifungal resistance profile of C. auris in Africa. Out of 2,521 articles identified 22 met the inclusion criteria. In Africa, nearly 89% of African countries have no published data on C. auris. The prevalence of C. auris in Africa was 8.74%. The case fatality rate of C. auris infection in Africa was 39.46%. The main C. auris risk factors reported in Africa were cardiovascular disease, renal failure, diabetes, HIV, recent intake of antimicrobial drugs, ICU admissions, surgery, hemodialysis, parenteral nutrition and indwelling devices. Four phylogenetic clades were reported in Africa, namely clades I, II, III and IV. Candida auris showed a pan-African very high resistance rate to fluconazole, moderate resistance to amphotericin B, and high susceptibility to echinocandins. Finally, C. auris clade-specific mutations were observed within the ERG2, ERG3, ERG9, ERG11, FKS1, TAC1b and MRR1 genes in Africa. This systematic review showed the presence of C. auris in the African continent and a worrying unavailability of data on this resilient fungus in most African countries.

关键词： Africa Antifungal Resistance Candida auris Clinical Features Phylogenetic Clades

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Agro-residue biochar and N fertilizer addition mitigates CO2-C emission and stabilized soil organic carbon pools in a rain-fed agricultural cropland

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第1期9卷 76-86页

作者： Segun O.oladele Adewole T.Adetunji Department of Agronomy Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba AkokoOndo StateNigeria Department of Crop Soil and Pest ManagementFederal University of Technology AkureOndo StateNigeria Department of Agriculture Cape Peninsula University of TechnologyWestern CapeSouth Africa

Scarce carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission data,soil organic carbon(C_(org))and labile C_(org) pool index for croplands in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA)limits our ability to define regional CO_(2) flux and mitigation prospects provided by biochar ***,we conducted a two-year field scale study quanti-fying effects of biochar(12t ha^(-1)),biochar(12t ha^(-1))and N fertilizer(90 kg N ha^(-1)),N fertilizer(90 kg N ha^(-1))alone and control(no amendment)on C_(org),C_(org) pools,lability index(LI)and CO_(2) emissions of a humid tropical alfisol under rainfed rice *** clearly demonstrate that biochar amendment combined with N fertilizer significantly increased C_(org),particulate organic carbon,and particulate organic carbon to organic carbon ***,this combination decreased dissolved organic carbon,dissolved organic carbon to organic carbon proportion,easily oxidizable carbon,easily oxidizable carbon to organic carbon proportion,microbial biomass carbon,microbial biomass carbon to organic carbon proportion,LI,and CO_(2) emission when compared to other *** findings established relationship between labile C_(org) pools and CO_(2) ***,our study suggest that application of biochar and N fertilizer addition can decrease CO_(2) emission from SSA croplands under rainfed rice cultivation,increase essential labile C_(org) pools,protect labile C_(org) pools sensitive to losses and sequester C_(org) with positive implication for global change mitigation and soil quality improvement.

关键词： Global change Sub-saharan Africa Greenhouse gas Rainfed croplands Environment

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Differential inhibitory potentials of three plant extracts against Dermestes maculatus Degeer and microorganisms in smoked catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell

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Food Quality and Safety 2019年第3期3卷 201-208页

作者： Olufunmilayo Eunice Ajayi Oluwole Olakunle oladele Goodness Osehotue Fabunmi Entomology/Storage Microbiology Laboratory Department of BiologySchool of SciencesFederal University of TechnologyPMB 704AkureOndo StateNigeria

Objectives:Three medicinal plants:Zingiber officinale rhizome,Allium sativum bulb,and Moringa oleifera seeds,were evaluated for progeny inhibition in fish beetle,Dermestes maculatus,and incidence of bacteria and fungi in smoked-dried Clarias *** and Methods:Cleaned *** were separately soaked in extracts of these selected plants(50 g/1000 ml)for 60 min before smoke-drying in a mud kiln at 105℃ and later divided into *** evaluation was conducted on uninfested fishes in lot A while fishes in lot B was artificially infested with five pairs of newly emerged adult *** for 10 *** of emerged larva,adult insects,and incidence of microorganisms before and following 90 days in storage after infestation were used as indices of potency of the ***:Results obtained showed that all the treated uninfested smoked-dried *** retained high scores for taste,texture,aroma,and appearance within the first 5 weeks of storage after smoking when compared with the *** implied that the tested extracts had no negative effect in terms of sensory attributes on the treated fish during storage and can therefore be used for fish ***,*** among all the selected extracts had the least number of larvae(17.67±1.45),adult(21.00±1.53),fungi(9.00×10^(2)±0.53 sfu/ml)and bacteria counts(11.33×10^(2)±0.33 cfu/ml)following 90 days in storage after ***:Allium sativum among the tested extracts proved to be most effective and could be recommended for control of *** and microorganisms in smoked ***.

关键词： Allium sativum Clarias gariepinus Dermestes maculatus Moringa oleifera Zingiber officinale microorganisms

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The Emergence of Social Networks on the Web as New Marketing Tools

The Emergence of Social Networks on the Web as New Marketing...

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作者： BIDEMI oladele 北京交通大学

学位级别：硕士

社交网络的日益普及正逐渐改变魁北克和世界其他地区的传统销售模式。这种传统的销售模式已经在魁北克和世界其他地区存在了一百多年。“谁控制了消息”是许多营销领域专家所关注的焦点。在个人能充分交换商品和服务信息的世界中,如何... 详细信息

社交网络的日益普及正逐渐改变魁北克和世界其他地区的传统销售模式。这种传统的销售模式已经在魁北克和世界其他地区存在了一百多年。“谁控制了消息”是许多营销领域专家所关注的焦点。在个人能充分交换商品和服务信息的世界中,如何有效实现企业与个人的沟通?网络用户可以在影响消费行为的同时推动市场营销部门的产品商业化或让他们的努力付诸东流。这项研究具有双重目的：第一,衡量社交网络作为沟工具的程度,其次,预测在魁北克网站上通过互动沟通进行营销的趋势。要做到这一点,我全面回顾了关于这个问题的前沿文献。此外,我通过高新技术与魁北克省的四个专家进行访谈。调查问卷上问题主要基于社交网站的使用、受访者关于用户参与评论的想法、社交网络和市场营销以及两者结合等方面。最后,本研究的结论为,社交网络将在文化层面上对企业领导和主流媒体进行彻底改变。建立在促销频率和范围上的传统商业模式将逐渐被市场参与式合作战略所取代。此外,在工业时代发展起来的营销战略(如供应商通过促销鼓励消费者购买产品)应必须进行回顾,并适应用户推进企业战略的新现实。

关键词：互联网社交网络魁北克加拿大新媒介

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Effects of biochar amendment and nitrogen fertilization on soil microbial biomass pools in an Alfisol under rain-fed rice cultivation

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Biochar 2019年第2期1卷 163-176页

作者： Segun oladele Adebayo Adeyemo Ajoke Adegaiye Moses Awodun Department of Agronomy Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba AkokoOndo StateNigeria Department of Crop Soil and Pest ManagementFederal University of Technology AkureOndo StateNigeria

Field studies were conducted over 2 years to determine the response of soil microbial biomass pool to biochar and N fertilizer combinations in a rain-fed rice cropping *** was applied at four doses:0 t ha^(−1),3 t ha^(−1),6 t ha^(−1) and 12 t ha^(−1) in combination with N fertilizer at four rates:0 kg ha^(−1),30 kg ha^(−1),60 kg ha^(−1) and 90 kg ha^(−1) to a Typic Paleustalf *** samples from two depths(0-10 and 10-20 cm)were collected to determine microbial biomass C(MBC),N(MBN),P(MBP),MBC/N ratio,MBC/P ratio,soil CO_(2) flux,microbial qCO_(2),cultivable bacterial and fungal *** and N fertilizer combination effects on MBC,MBN and MBP pools were dependent on biochar doses,N fertilizer rates and soil ***/N and MBC/P ratios were decreased after 2 *** CO_(2) flux was maximum at post-seeding stage of rice plant,while decreasing trends occurred at active tillering and harvest *** doses of biochar irrespective of its combination with N fertilizer rates decreased CO_(2) flux and microbial qCO_(2).Combinations of biochar and N fertilizer increased fungal/bacterial ratio and induced a shift to a more fungal-dominated population after 2 *** results sug-gest that combination of biochar doses(3-12 t ha^(−1))with N fertilizer rates had stimulatory effects on microbial biomass pools and activity with positive implications for organic carbon accumulation,nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)retention in tropical soils.

关键词： Biochar Nitrogen fertilizer Microbial biomass Metabolic quotient Fungal/bacteria ratio

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Epidemiology of Mpox Outbreaks and Implications for Surveillance in Imo State, Nigeria

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 206-212页

作者： Adeniyi A. Adeniran Ebubechi C. Eronini Olugbenga Asaolu Simisola Adedeji Adaeze Joy Ugwu Marcus Oludare Faith Ehiaghe Ugba Aibinuomo Ayomide Oluwaseyi Tella Adedamola Dania Oluyinka Olayiwola Olanike Suliat oladele Tinuola Daniel Musa Haruna Adebayo O. Amao John O. Ibitoye Oluwagbemiga Obembe Christopher Obanubi Abdulmalik Abubakar Department of Public and Allied Health Babcock University Ilishan-Remo Nigeria Department of Public Health University of Suffolk Waterfront Building UK Department of Public Health EUCLID University Greater Bajul The Gambia Department of Public Health Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK College of Medicine Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Environmental Health Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Public Health Texila American University Georgetown Guyana School of Public Health University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria Department of Nursing Adeleke University Ede Nigeria Department of Public Health Central University of Nicaragua Managua Nicaragua Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences Lagos State University College of Medicine Ikeja Nigeria Catholic Relief Services Abuja Nigeria Department of Political Science Faculty of Social Sciences Bayero University Kano Kano Nigeria

Mpox disease is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus, genus Orthopoxvirus of the family Poxviridae. The incubation period is usually 6 to 13 days but can range from 5 to 21 days while symptoms and signs may persist for 2 to 5 weeks. Although, the clinical features are usually less severe when compared to the deadly smallpox, the disease can be fatal with case fatality rate between 1% and 10%. In Imo State, Nigeria, there has been a changing epidemiology of the disease in the last 6 years and the frequency and geographic distribution of cases have progressively increased. This study aims to conduct a review of the disease epidemiology between 2017 and 2023 and implications for surveillance in Imo State. Surveillance data from the Surveillance Outbreak Response and Management System (SORMAS) was extracted between January 2017 and December 2023 across the 27 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Imo State. A line list of 231 suspected cases was downloaded into an excel template and analyzed using SPSS® version 20 software. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics and associations were tested using Fischer’s exact at 0.05 level of significance. Of the 231 suspected cases, 57.1% (132) were males, 42.9% (99) were females and the modal age group was between the ages of 0 - 4 (32.5%). Eight (8) LGAs (districts) accounted for 71% (n = 164) of all the suspected cases. 21.2% (49) were confirmed positive, 27 males (55.1%) and 22 females (44.9%) (p > 0.05). Modal age group was 20 - 24 (22.4%, n = 11), 18% (9) were children under 14 years, p > 0.05. Case fatality rate was 8% (n = 4). There was no significant association between mortality and age group. Five (5) LGAs accounted for about 60% (29) of all confirmed cases. These LGAs contribute only 20% to the total population in the State. Only 5.6% and 4% of suspected and confirmed cases, respectively, had knowledge of contact with an infectious source. The study described the epidemiology of Mpox outbreaks between 2017

关键词： Mpox Epidemiology Outbreak Surveillance

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Emerging contaminants: Evaluation of degradable chelators towards enhancing cadmium phytoextraction efficiency of bioenergy crop grown on polluted soil

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Emerging Contaminants 2021年第1期7卷 139-148页

作者： Segun O.oladele Blessing B.oladele Rasheedat Ajala Bukola F.Dada Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureAdekunle Ajasin University Akungba AkokoNigeria Department of Physics Radiation and Environmental Health UnitFederal University of Technology AkureNigeria Department of Crop Soil and Pest Management Federal University of Technology AkureNigeria

Exogenous application of chelators towards enhancing heavy metals extraction efficiency of bioenergy crop has received considerable attention in recent ***,little is known about optimal application rate,comparative evaluation of degradable versus non-degradable chelators and their impact on cadmium(Cd)speciation and uptake,physiological and biochemical activity of sweet sorghum grown under Cd *** chelators namely,Nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA),tetrasodium N,N-diacetate(TDA),Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA),iminodisuccinic acid(IDA)and control(CK)were applied and compared at rates of 2,5,and 10 mmol kg^(-1) towards augmenting phytoextraction efficiency of sweet sorghum for Cd remediation in a screen house *** showed that sweet sorghum augmented with TDA significantly(P<0.05)increased biomass,enhanced Cd uptake and accumulation when compared to EDTA at application rate of 2-5 mmol kg*** influenced Cd speciation via increasing acid-soluble,reducible,oxidizable,and residual fractions of Cd,thus increasing Cd *** and TDA increased proline concentrations,antioxidant enzymes and net photosynthetic activity rate(Pn)comparably to EDTA in sweet sorghum,thus enhancing stress tolerance and stabilizing photosynthetic ***,exogenous application of degradable TDA at 2-5 mmol kg^(-1) could be recommended as replacement for non-degradable EDTA in a chelate assisted approach towards augmenting bioenergy crop for phytoremediation of Cd polluted soil.

关键词： Phytoextraction Antioxidant enzymes Photosynthetic rate Stress tolerance Cadmium speciation

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Social Factors Affecting Wetlands Utilization for Agriculture in Nigeria: A case study of sawah rice production

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Rice science 2008年第2期15卷 150-152页

作者： oladele Oladimeji Idowu Toshiyuki WAKATSUKI Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development University of Ibadan Faculty of Agriculture Kinki University

Wetlands have immense poverty-fighting potentials and in Nigeria, more and more people are dependent on wetlands for their livelihoods. To examine the social factors affecting the current status of the wetlands utilization for agriculture in Nigeda, a simple random sampling technique was used to select 200 farmers cultivating wetlands and a structured questionnaire was applied to elicit the information on the social factors. Data collected were described using frequency and percentage and a multiple regression analysis was used to identify significant variables that are determinants of wetland utilization. The results of the analysis showed that significant variables included crop preferences, farming system, culture, taste, land tenure, knowledge of wetland cultivation, perceived suitability, farmers＇ tribe, location of wetland, and farmers＇ age. it was concluded with suggestions for the right combination of policies, public awareness, and appropriate farming methods in order to improve wetland utilization in Nigeria.

关键词： social factors current status wetlands utilization agriculture sawah rice production

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