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Fuel Poverty and Comfort in Modern Residential Apartments in Developing Countries： A Case from Jordan

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2014年第4期8卷 405-412页

作者： Nabeel AIKurdi abdulsalam A. Alshboul Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering and Technology University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan

Energy is one of the most important resources in the economy of developing countries. Jordan depends mainly on imported oil and gas at international prices. This creates a heavy burden upon Jordanian national economy, which is reflected in the same time on other sectors of the Jordanian society. The ever increasing fuel prices make it very necessary to look for new renewable energy resources. Jordan as a developing country with its fast growing urban development and construction projects will be studied. It is worthy to study the dynamic relationship between end user, fuel and comfort in the residential sector. Energy is a chronic problem in Jordan, due to lack of non renewable energy resources, the end consumer is influenced by this fact, in achieving his basic energy needs. This study tries to shed light on the fuel poverty line, definitions and parameters of fuel poverty. And to study what has been done in this regard on both international and local level. No studies have been identified in Jordan which, explore the problem of fuel poverty, especially after the vast and recent increase in fuel prices internationally and locally. This study will follow theoretical and field survey to understand the relationship between comfort, energy and building fabric. Method will depend mainly on field survey and statistical data, and necessary measurements, questionnaires will be adopted when necessary to explore comfort levels related to fuel consumption. Summary and recommendations will be concerned with how thermal comfort could be achieved within the ranges of fuel accessibility, building fabric, minimum pollution and cost.

关键词： Fuel poverty household residential sector thermal comfort primary energy Jordan.

Optical Image Compression Using a Real Fourier Plane

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2013年第3期3卷 240-249页

作者： abdulsalam G. Alkholidi Faculty of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department Sanaa University Sanaa Yemen

Hastening transmission by efficiently providing compression is our goal in this work. Image compression consists in reducing information size representing an image. Elimination of redundancies and non-pertinent information enables memory space minimization and thus fast data transmission. Optics can offer an alternative choice to overcome the limitation of numerical compression algorithms. In this paper, we propose real-time optical image compression using a real Fourier plane to save time required for compression by using the principles of coherent optics. Digital and optical simulation results are presented and analyzed. An optical compression decompression setup is demonstrated using two different SLMs (SEIKO and DisplayTech). The purpose of this method is to simplify our earlier method, improve the quality of reconstructed image, and avoid the disadvantages of numerical algorithms.

关键词： FT Optical Compression a Real Fourier Plane Hologram SLM

Carotid Body Tumours: A Review

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2015年第3期6卷 119-131页

The carotid body is a small structure weighing 12 mg located in the adventitia of carotid artery bifurcation acting as a chemoreceptor. Carotid body tumour (CBT);formerly known as chemodectoma is a rare, highly vascular, mostly benign tumour arising from the paraganglia of carotid body;hence, the name (carotid paraganglioma). The high vascularity and proximity to cranial nerves and major vessels make this tumour a surgical challenge. Abundant literature has been written about CBT in the last century with a continuous debate regarding its etiology, natural history, biological behavior, proper technique of excision, and the morbidity and mortality associated with its resection. The purpose of this review article is to simplify understanding the basic and clinical aspects of this challenging neoplasm.

关键词： Carotid Body Carotid Sinus Paraganglioma Neuroendocrine Tumours Carotid Body Tumours Review

Shrapnel superior vena cava injury: Case report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2014年第2期3卷 85-88页

作者： abdulsalam Y. Taha Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery School of Medicine and Sulaimania Teaching Hospital Sulaimania Region of Kurdistan Iraq

Shrapnel injuries of the superior vena cava (SVC) are extremely rare and highly lethal. The true incidence is not known since many patients succumb shortly after injury. The high fatality is due to difficulty in diagnosis, technical problems with repair and consequences of SVC clamping. Literature review revealed no shrapnel SVC injury reported before. This is a report of 30-year-old man from Kirkuk, Iraq, a victim of terroristic attack who was admitted to Sulaimania Teaching Hospital (STH) on June 2007 with shock, massive right-side haemothorax and a wound at base of neck following a shrapnel injury. Emergency right thoracotomy revealed clotted haemothorax and big shrapnel partly sealing a tear in SVC just above the entrance of the azygos vein. Severe bleeding ensued after extraction of the shrapnel. Attempts to control the hemorrhage and repair of the injury failed and unfortunately, the patient expired in the theatre. Though there is no pathognomonic sign of SVC injury, it should be suspected in patients presenting with shock and haemothorax. Successful repair is achievable with early diagnosis, aggressive resuscitation, early exploration, optimum operating conditions and special measures such as auto-transfusion and cardiopulmonary bypass.

关键词： Superior Vena Cava Shrapnel Injury

Estimation of Some Plant Secondary Products in Urtica dioica L., Viola odorata L. and Melissa officinalis L. Naturally Grown in Hawraman-Kurdistan Region of Iraq

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第7期3卷 480-486页

作者： abdulsalam Abdulrahman Rasool Kadhm Abdullah Muhammad Field Crops Department Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of Sulaimani Sulaimani Kurdistan Region Iraq

The plant aerial parts of three species, Urtica dioica L., Viola odorata L. and Melissa officinalis L. were collected at randomly-different locations, according to altitudes in May 2010. The aerial parts of Urtica were collected within three replications from different locations： Biare 1,090 masl （meters above sea level）, Tawile 1,450 masl and Awiser 1,680 masl. The aerial parts of Viola and Melissa were collected randomly within three replications at different locations： Biare 1,090 masl, Degashikhan 1,250 masl and Tawile 1,450 masl. The extracts of the aerial parts of these species were purified by filtrations for several times in preparation for HPLC analyses. The chromatograms of Urtica indicated the presence of five major important alkaloid components （fragrine, benzylisoquinoline, scopoletin, glucoquinone and dotriacotaine） and ten major important phenolic compounds （formic acid, tannin, chlorogenic acid, caffeoylmalic acid, anthocyanine, quercetin, zeaxanthin, luetin epoxide, coumarine and vanillin）. All the concentrations of alkaloid and phenolic compounds were increased significantly due to higher altitudes, except that of alkaloid dotriacotaine. The chromatograms of Viola indicated the presence of four major important alkaloid components （violine, isoquinoline, cycloviolacin and luteolin-3-glucoronide） and ten major important phenolic compounds （formic acid, tannin, chlorogenic acid, caffeoylmalic acid, anthocyanine, quercetin, zeaxanthin, luetin epoxide, coumarine and vanillin）. The results of the influence of altitudes showed that the concentrations of all alkaloids and phenolic compounds were increased significantly due to higher altitudes, except that of the alkaloid luteolin-3-glucoronide and the phenolic compounds zeaxanthin and luetin epoxide. The chromatograms of Melissa indicated the presence of five major essential oils （pinene, linalool, citronellol, geraniol and rosmarinic acid）. Their quantitative evaluations were influenced by altitudes indic

关键词： Urtica dioica L. Viola odorata L. Melissa officinalis L. altitudes secondary products medicinal plants

Mathematical Correlation for Tungsten-Based Alloy Nanopowder to Determine the Relation between Temperature Time and Weight under Certain Temperatures

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第11期10卷 1226-1235页

作者： abdulsalam A. A. M. Alhazza Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program Energy and Building Research Center Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Shuwaikh 31470 State of Kuwait

High temperature treatment of tungsten alloy of W-5wt.% TM （transition metals, TM = Ni, Fe, Cu, Co） nanopowder was run under different temperatures to cover the oxidation rate at different temperatures. The correlation was developed for certain temperatures to find an equation for the relation between time and weight. The thermal treatment was done for different quantities at certain times. The proposed equation studies the correlation between temperature, time, and weight. For each temperature, a number of points were recorded from the measured oxidation curve. The shape of the curves is well-represented in this paper. The final results will present the highest temperature, the maximum weight, and the maximum time for full oxidation at high and low temperatures.

关键词： Tungsten alloy transition metals nanopowder oxidation correlation.

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中东地区霸权之争:沙特和伊朗在也门的对抗

中东地区霸权之争:沙特和伊朗在也门的对抗

作者： Ismail abdulsalam almathil 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

中东地区在世界上具有重要的地理和地缘战略意义,因为中东地区是连接世界亚、欧、非三大洲的重要纽带,还拥有世界上最重要的4个海峡,而且中东拥有丰富的自然资源,使其成为世界上至关重要的战略地区。长期以来,中东地区都是全球野心的焦... 详细信息

中东地区在世界上具有重要的地理和地缘战略意义,因为中东地区是连接世界亚、欧、非三大洲的重要纽带,还拥有世界上最重要的4个海峡,而且中东拥有丰富的自然资源,使其成为世界上至关重要的战略地区。长期以来,中东地区都是全球野心的焦点,是地区冲突的舞台,地区强国竞相中东地区的资源和海峡中获利,而全球大国则争相影响该地区,甚至对地区冲突推波助澜,包括始于2011年的阿拉伯之春。这导致地区大国——伊朗伊斯兰共和国(IRI)和沙特阿拉伯(KSA)两个在中东相互竞争的大国,以比过往更快的速度干预中东,以加强在该地区的霸权和权威,他们在伊拉克、叙利亚、黎巴嫩、利比亚、也门等已经成为地区竞争战场的国家展开了霸权和对抗性的竞争,以增加自己的实力和霸权,不过因为他们以宗教教派为借口来实现自身目标,许多人将其描述为一场教派主义竞争。由于也门对中东的地缘和战略重要性,沙特与伊朗在也门的竞争愈演愈烈,2014年底竞争再次出现转变,沙特阿拉伯采取直接干预而不是代理人战争,这清楚地表明,这场竞争是一场关于控制、影响和利益的竞争,而不是教派主义竞争,因为也门是加强他们各自在该地区控制、影响和霸权的最重要地区之一,两个国家都试图控制中东的战略地区以增加其在该地区的权力和霸权。因此,为了弄清他们干预也门的原因并澄清他们的地缘政治竞争,本研究将试图回答这样一个问题:为什么也门是沙特阿拉伯和伊朗之间中东冲突的焦点?也门的地理重要性和敏感的战略位置导致伊朗和沙特阿拉伯之间的竞争关系紧张。也门有两条长海岸线长约2500公里,从南部可以俯瞰阿拉伯海和亚丁湾,西面是红海,在其领海内有许多重要的岛屿,这使该地区的海上战略重要性翻了一倍,因为它有利于全球商业中心以及海军和空军基地的扩张和分布。除了控制世界上最重要的水上通道之一曼德海峡之外,它还通过将海峡一分为二的彼尔姆岛/密云岛,使其成为连接印度洋的红海瓶颈。而阿拉伯海与地中海一起,控制着东西方之间的贸易和石油路线。可以发现,经济和政治利益是沙特阿拉伯和伊朗等势力干预也门的原因,因为他们渴望完全控制也门,以扩大其在该地区的影响力和主导地位,控制世界上最重要和必不可少的水道之一的曼德海峡,保护边界,守住资源并控制通过曼德海峡的石油和全球贸易路线。伊朗希望在中东地区的战略位置上找到盟友并发挥影响力,使其能够控制全球贸易和石油供应线的港口和路线,这将增加其霸权并绕过对其施加的制裁,围攻其竞争对手,并使伊朗处于强势地位。而沙特阿拉伯希望实现其经济利益,为本国及本国边界实现最大限度的安全保护,并在该地区实施霸权。在许多人看来,曼德海峡目前是沙特阿拉伯和伊朗之间的冲突地带。虽然伊朗将曼德海峡视为与其在该地区利益相关的安全轴心之一,但沙特阿拉伯将其视为高度安全威胁区域。一些分析家和政界人士认为,曼德海峡是沙特阿拉伯和伊朗正在相互争夺的海峡,伊朗认为这是在该地区施加霸权和地区力量的要点之一,沙特阿拉伯认为也门对它来说是一个高度安全风险要点。总的来说,本研究包括五章:第一章为导论部分,介绍研究的背景,并对不同作者和研究人员的文献综述给出了清晰的分析。本章还解释了开展这项研究的重要性和所使用的方法,主要使用定性研究。本研究还采用历史研究方法,通过强调也门战略位置的重要性来分析两个区域大国之间的地缘政治竞争,通过突出也门战略位置的重要性从而分析更多的全球和区域大国参与进该地区政治。本章还包含研究的目标以及理论框架,其中研究的理论框架的构建依托于于现实主义研究方法,更确切地说是现实主义中的进攻主义现实主义。进攻性现实主义理论主要由约翰·米尔斯海默和埃里克·莱博思提出,他们认为在国际体系中产生的任何力量都将试图最大限度地扩大其在区域或全球层面上追求霸权的力量。这造成了持续的权力竞争,并造成了大量的紧张局势,有时甚至引发战争。进行性现实主义还将强调廊道、港口和岛屿的重要性,任何拥有海上能力的国家都通过这些对地区施加影响甚至形成主导地位。如果我们看一下约翰·米尔斯海默和埃里克·莱博思理论中的基本要素,我们就可以看到也门的重要地位,以及主要大国和地区大国的利益以及它们对也门进行干预背后的原因。也门占据着战略性的重要位置,拥有约2500公里的海岸线。也门拥有超过15个海港和丰富的天然气和石油资源。也门幅员辽阔,气候宜人,是海湾国家中人口最多的国家。因此,从上述这些我们可以看到也门的地缘政治重要性以及伊朗和沙特在也门竞争背后的原因。第二章概述了地区权力的概念,并深化了沙特阿拉伯和伊朗在中东的代理人战争概念,以及论述伊朗与沙特阿拉伯之间冲突的开始,他们作为新千年崛起的地区大国的竞争状况。还介绍了伊朗和沙特在不同时期的中东冲突的地缘政治背景以及他们的关系是如何一步步恶化的,并阐明了他们从敌对到激烈冲突的转变,尤其是在伊朗革命和海湾战争之后矛盾的激化。双方竞争也随着巴格达的

关键词：也门沙特阿拉伯伊朗中东地区曼德海峡

Management of Left Ventricular Aneurysm: A Study from Iraq

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第4期5卷 127-132页

作者： abdulsalam Y. Taha Bassam A. Mahmoud Department of Cardiac Surgery Ibn-Albitar Center for Cardiac Surgery (IBCCS) Baghdad Iraq Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery School of Medicine and Sulaimania Teaching Hospital Sulaimania Iraq

Background: The most appropriate surgical approach for post-myocardial infarction left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) is controversial. This study aims to display the results of surgical treatment of LVA in a major Iraqi cardiac surgical center. Methods: The surgical management of LVAs over the period 2001 to 2011 was retrospectively reviewed. The presenting signs and symptoms, results of investigations, operative findings, and outcomes of patients were determined. Results: Twenty-seven true LVAs associated with 4 ventricular septal defects (VSDs) were treated surgically. During the same period, 1136 coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operations were done, thus LVA represented 2.4%. Males constituted the majority (74.1%). The mean age was 54.6 years old. The typical ECG changes were seen in 42.1%. Apical and antero-apical locations predominated. The majority of patients (84.2%) had subnormal values of ejection fraction (EF). Most patients had multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD). The most frequent was the left anterior descending artery (LAD). All patients had CABG except 3. Linear repair and Dor technique were used equally. The commonest postoperative complication was bleeding (38.4%). The overall hospital mortality was 18.5%. Conclusion: Concomitant CABG improves early postoperative course and must be added when significant lesions in coronary arteries particularly the LAD are present.

关键词： Left Ventricular Aneurysm Post-Ischemic VSD Linear Repair and Dor Technique

结直肠息肉患者尿酸与糖、脂质代谢的相关性研究

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结直肠息肉患者尿酸与糖、脂质代谢的相关性研究

作者： WALEED QAID abdulsalam NAJI 扬州大学

学位级别：硕士

研究背景结直肠息肉(CRP)是一类起源于结肠或者直肠内壁的病变。随着人们生活水平的提高,CRP发病率呈逐年上升趋势,尤其多见于城镇地区。大多数结直肠息肉生长缓慢,临床症状不明显,而往往只有大息肉会引起消化道症状。炎症性息肉和增生... 详细信息

研究背景结直肠息肉(CRP)是一类起源于结肠或者直肠内壁的病变。随着人们生活水平的提高,CRP发病率呈逐年上升趋势,尤其多见于城镇地区。大多数结直肠息肉生长缓慢,临床症状不明显,而往往只有大息肉会引起消化道症状。炎症性息肉和增生性息肉被认为无恶变的可能,但腺瘤性息肉的恶变度更高。既往研究表明,炎症因子和血脂水平异常与结直肠息肉的发病率密切相关。而目前没有研究表明血尿酸(UA)与血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、空腹血糖(FBS)和癌胚抗原(CEA)之间相关性。因此,本研究目的是评估结直肠息肉患者的尿酸水平与TG、TC、HDL、LDL、FBS、CEA之间的关系。研究目的本研究课题目的是研究TG、TC、LDL、HDL、FBS、UA、CEA与结直肠息肉的发生的相关性,并分析其与患者的年龄、性别、息肉大小、息肉位置、息肉数量、息肉组织学特征之间的相关关系。对象与方法本研究纳入了279例结直肠患者作为实验组、194名健康人作为正常对照。分别测定实验组及对照组的空腹血糖、血脂及癌胚抗原。结直肠息肉的大小和数目在结肠镜下进行评估。所有的数据使用SPSS 19.0进行统计分析(P<0.05)结果研究结果表明,结直肠息肉患者UA、TG、TC、LDL、FBS水平显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。相比之下,与健康对照组相比,结直肠息肉患者血清高密度脂蛋白水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结直肠息肉患者CEA与对照组无显著性差异。研究结果显示患者UA升高比例12.19%(34/279例),且与TG、TC、HDL、LDL异常相关,UA水平与TG、TC、LDL均呈显著正相关(r=0.31,0.18,0.2),而UA水平与HDL均呈显著负相关(r=-0.21),UA与CEA、FBS之间无显著相关性。结论血清TG、TC、LDL、FBS、UA水平增加与结直肠息肉的发生相关。血清UA与饮食、生活方式和遗传代谢相关,与TG、TC、HDL、LDL之间的相互作用增加结直肠息肉的发病风险的可能。这可能解释近年来结直肠肠息肉发生率增加与血清尿酸水平相关。因此,以上的生物指标在评估结直肠息肉的发生与进展有重要的意义。

关键词：发病机制血脂尿酸空腹血糖癌胚抗原