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Performance Evaluation of Solar Chimney Draft: Application to Ventilation

Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第4期15卷 107-122页

作者： Boukaré ouedraogo adama ouedraogo Arouna Kabore Kalifa Palm Dieudonné Joseph Bahiebo Laboratoire dEnergies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO: UFR/SEA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Physique Spatiale et Energtique (LACAPSE) Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya (CUP-Kaya) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire des Systmes dEnergie Renouvelable et Environnement Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliques et Technologies (IRSAT) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Ventilation is one of the factors contributing to energy consumption in buildings and food preservation. The solar chimney proves to be an alternative for reducing conventional energy consumption. Thus, in this study, the performance of a solar chimney with two active faces for thermally drawing air from a chamber for preserving agri-food products was evaluated. These performances were experimentally assessed through data measurements: temperatures and velocities within the chimney, and their analysis using Excel and MATLAB. The obtained results were compared with those from literature to verify their validity. From this study, it is found that the maximum temperature at the chimney outlet reaches 49.4˚C with an average value of 43.7˚C. Additionally, the heating evolution of the chimney air presents four (04) identical phases in pairs, reflecting the chimney’s operation throughout day. The temperature difference between the outlet and inlet of the chimney reaches a maximum of 17˚C with an average of 12.6˚C. Regarding airflow, the maximum air velocity at the chimney outlet is 0.8 m/s, and the average velocities have consistently been greater than or equal to 0.46 m/s. Thus, it can be concluded that the solar chimney is capable of providing ventilation for the preservation chamber through thermal draft.

关键词： Solar Chimney Natural Ventilation Thermal Draft Airflow Chimney Effect

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Investigating the Impact of Base Heating and External Electric Field on PV Cell Performance under Intense Illumination

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第5期14卷 1305-1314页

作者： Boubacar Soro Guy Serge Tchouadep Esso-Ehanam Tchedre Kpeli Ousmane Souliga adama ouedraogo Issa Zerbo Martial Zoungrana Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Technologie Ecole Normale Sup&#233rieure Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The characterization of the performances of a PV cell is linked to intrinsic factors of this cell. It is therefore important for us to identify the favorable or unfavorable conditions that affect the performance of PV cells. It is from this perspective that it seems judicious to us to study the simultaneous influence of the heating of the base and an external electric field on the performance of a PV cell under intense illumination of 50 suns. Two phenomena contribute to the heating of the base of a PV cell which is heating due to the transfer by conduction of solar radiation energy received by the surface of the PV cell and the heat generated inside the PV cell by various phenomena linked to the movement of photogenerated charged carriers. In this study, we take into account the heating linked to the movement of the charged carriers in the base. After a mathematical modeling of the PV cell considered, some hypotheses are formulated and the expressions of the electrical parameters are established as a function of the electric field and base temperature. Subsequently, we use numerical simulation to highlight the behavior of theses parameters as a function of temperature and of the intensity of the electric field. The results show that for any given temperature, the orientation of the electric field as considered in our work improves the performance of the PV cell while high temperatures degrade these performances. Furthermore, the analysis of the curves shows that the harmful effect of temperature on the performance of a PV cell is more accentuated at large values of electric field.

关键词： Collisions Thermalization Braking Electric Strength Base Temperature

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Impact of the Thicknesses of the p and p+ Regions on the Electrical Parameters of a Bifacial PV Cell

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第2期14卷 133-145页

作者： Ramatou Konate Bernard Zouma adama ouedraogo Bruno Korgo Martial Zoungrana Sié Kam Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques REnouvelables (L.E.T.RE) Département de Physique Unité de Recherche et de Formation en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya (CUP-Kaya) Kaya Burkina Faso

The present paper is about a contribution to the bifacial PV cell performances improvement. The PV cell efficiency is weak compared to the strong energy demand. In this study, the base thickness impacts and the p+ zone size influence are evaluated on the rear face of the polycrystalline back surface field bifacial silicon PV cell. The photocurrent density and photovoltage behaviors versus thickness of these regions are studied. From a three-dimensional grain of the polycrystalline bifacial PV cell, the magneto-transport and continuity equations of excess minority carriers are solved to find the expression of the density of excess minority carriers and the related electrical parameters, such as the photocurrent density, the photovoltage and the electric power for simultaneous illumination on both sides. The photocurrent density, the photovoltage and electric power versus junction dynamic velocity decrease for different thicknesses of base and the p+ region increases for simultaneous illumination on both sides. It is found that the thickness of the p+ region at 0.1 μm and the base size at 100 μm allow reaching the best bifacial PV cell performances. Consequently, it is imperative to consider the reduction in the thickness of the bifacial PV cell for exhibition of better performance. This reduced the costs and increase production speed while increasing conversion efficiency.

关键词： Doped p+ Region Bifacial PV Cell Photocurrent Density Photovoltage Polycrystalline Solar Cell

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Analysis and Comparison of Doping Level Effects on a Crystalline Silicon PV Cell under Both Moderate Light Concentration and Normal Illumination Modes

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第10期14卷 523-540页

作者： Mahamadi Savadogo adama ouedraogo Boubacar Soro Zi Daouda Koudougou Martial Zoungrana Issa Zerbo Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Department of Physics Unit of Training and Research in Pure and Applied Sciences University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya (CUP-Kaya) Kaya Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Technologies Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The main purpose of this work is to study doping level effects on a silicon PV cell under both moderate light concentration and normal illumination. This study also aims to compare the doping level effects under the both illumination modes. The results show for both illumination modes that diffusion parameters decrease with increasing doping level. These results are in agreement with the studies of the current and the voltage which showed for the two illumination modes that doping level increase leads to a decrease in current density and an increase in voltage. It also emerges for the two illumination modes and for the doping range 1013 cm-3 - 1016 cm-3, a decrease of maximum power and conversion efficiency. The results also show that decrease of diffusion parameters is faster under moderate concentration in comparison with normal illumination. These results predict a greater variation rate of the current, the voltage, the maximum power and the conversion efficiency under moderate concentration compared to normal illumination. Contrary to diffusion parameters study, the results show higher variation rates of parameters under normal illumination. This is explained by the fact that under moderate concentration, carriers density is close to doping level: the cell is then in high injection condition. Consequently, under moderate concentration, carriers density is less sensitive to doping level variations. The study confirms that carriers density variation with the doping level is weak under the moderate concentration compared to normal illumination.

关键词： Moderate Light Concentration Doping Level High Injection Diffusion Parameters Conversion Efficiency

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Investigation of the Behavior of a Photovoltaic Cell under Concentration as a Function of the Temperature of the Base and a Variable External Magnetic Field in 3D Approximation

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2023年第12期14卷 209-220页

作者： Boubacar Soro adama ouedraogo Mahamadi Savadogo Ramatou Konate Guyserge Tchouadep Martial Zoungrana Sié Kam Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Department of Physics Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institutdes Sciences et Technologie Ecole Normale Supérieure Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The photovoltaic (PV) cell performances are connected to the base photogenerated carriers charge. Some studies showed that the quantity of the photogenerated carriers charge increases with the increase of the solar illumination. This situation explains the choice of concentration PV cell (C = 50 suns) in this study. However, the strong photogeneration of the carriers charge causes a high heat production by thermalization, collision and carriers charge braking due to the electric field induced by concentration gradient. This heat brings the heating of the PV cell base. That imposes the taking into account of the temperature influence in the concentrator PV cell operation. Moreover, with the proliferation of the magnetic field sources in the life space, it is important to consider its effect on the PV cell performances. Thus, when magnetic field and base temperature increase simultaneously, we observe a deterioration of the photovoltage, the electric power, the space charge region capacity, the fill factor and the conversion efficiency. However the photocurrent increases when the base temperature increases and the magnetic field strength decreases. It appears an inversion phenomenon in the evolution of the electrical parameters as a function of magnetic field for the values of magnetic field B> 4×10-4 T.

关键词： Thermalization Base Temperature Magnetic Field Fill Factor Efficiency Space Charge Region Capacity

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Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cell p-n Junction Capacitance Behavior Modelling under an Integrated External Electrical Field Source in Solar Cell System

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Energy and Power Engineering 2020年第5期12卷 143-153页

作者： adama ouedraogo Boukaré ouedraogo Boureima Kaboré Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Department of Physics Unit of Training and Research in Pure and Applied Sciences Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya (CUP-Kaya) Kaya Burkina Faso Université Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso

The state of the p-n junction is very important to explain the performances of a solar cell. Some works give the influence of the electric field on the junction capacitance. However, these works do not relate the quality of the p-n junction under the electic field. The present manuscript is about a theoretical modelling of the p-n junction capacitance behavior of the polycrystalline silicon solar cell under an integration of the external electrical field source. An external electrical source is integrated in a solar cell system. The electronic carriers charge generated in the solar cell crossed mainly the junction with the great strength external electrical field. In open circuit, this crossing of the electronic charge carriers causes the thermal heating of the p-n junction by Joule effect. The p-n junction capacitance plotted versus the junction dynamic velocity and the photo-voltage for different external electrical fields. The electric field causes the decrease of the photo-voltage mainly the open-circuit photo-voltage. The decrease of the photo-voltage translates the narrowing of the Space Charge Region (SCR). The average value of the external electric field used in this study is not sufficient to cause the breakdown of the p-n junction of the solar cell system under integration of the external electrical field production source. The increase of the electrical field causes rather the narrowing of the SCR. That can provide an improvement of the solar cell’s electrical outputs.

关键词： Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cell Space Charge Region Photo-Current Photo-Voltage Conversion Efficiency pn-Junction Capacitance External Electrical Field

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Extensor Pollicis Longus Tendon Rupture after Non-Displaced Extra-Articular Distal Radius Fracture: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第1期10卷 6-12页

作者： Mohamed Tall Hervé Pilabre adama ouedraogo Alidou Porgo Gnounsiniyapoué Bonkian Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Bogodogo University Hospital of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Spontaneous tendon rupture of hand is not frequent. These ruptures can occur after a fracture. Aim: We report a case of spontaneous rupture of extensor pollicis longus tendon, and describe the treatment. Case presentation: We report the case of a 63-year-old woman who had extensor pollicis longus tendon rupture after non-displaced extra-articular distal radius fracture, treated by wrist circular cast immobilization. Extensor indicis proprius tendon transfer was performed, with an excellent functional result. Conclusion: Extensor pollicis longus tendon rupture can occur after non-displaced extra-articular distal radius fracture. Its treatment by tendon transfer helps to restore function of hand.

关键词： Distal Radius Fracture Tendon Rupture Transfer

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Improvement of the Silicon Solar Cell Performance by Integration of an Electric Field Source in the Solar Cell or Solar Module System

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2018年第12期9卷 285-298页

作者： adama ouedraogo Serge Dimitri Y. B. Bazyomo Salifou ouedraogo Abdoul Razakou Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo National Authority for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Ministry of Environment of Burkina Faso Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Department of Physics Unit of Training and Research in Pure and Applied Sciences University of Ouaga 1 Prof. Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This manuscript is about a theoretical modelling of conversion efficiency improvement of a typical polycrystalline Si solar cell in 1D assumptions. The improvement is brought by the increase of the collection of the minority carriers charge in excess. This increase is the consequence of the influence of an electric field provided by the use of the open circuit photovoltage of another silicon solar cell. We assume that it is integrated two silicon solar cells to the system. The first solar cell provides the open circuit photovoltage which is connected to two aluminum planar armatures creating a planar capacitor. The second solar cell is placed under the uniform electric field created between the two aluminum armatures. This work has shown an improvement of the output electric power leading to the increase of the conversion efficiency. We observe an increase of 0.7% of the conversion efficiency of the second silicon solar cell.

关键词： Open Circuit Photovoltage Planar Capacitor Electric Field Conversion Efficiency Monochromatic Illumination and Silicon Solar Cell

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External Magnetic Field Effect on Bifacial Silicon Solar Cell’s Electrical Parameters

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Energy and Power Engineering 2016年第3期8卷 146-151页

作者： Issa Zerbo Martial Zoungrana Idrissa Sourabié adama ouedraogo Bernard Zouma Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo Department of Physics Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies Unit of Training and Research in Pure and Applied Sciences University of Ouagadougou Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The aim of this work is to present a theoretical study of external magnetic field effect on a bifacial silicon solar cell’s electrical parameters (peak power, fill factor and load resistance) using the J-V and P-V characteristics. After the resolution of the magneto transport equation and continuity equation of excess minority carriers in the base of the bifacial silicon solar cell under multispectral illumination, the photo-current density and the photovoltage are determined and the J-V and P-V curves are plotted. Using simultaneously the J-V and P-V curves, we determine, according to magnetic field intensity, the peak photocurrent density, the peak photovoltage, the peak electric power, the fill factor and the load resistance at the peak power point. The numerical data show that the solar cell’s peak power decreases with magnetic field intensity while the fill factor and the load resistance increase.

关键词： Bifacial Silicon Solar Cell Fill Factor Load Resistance Magnetic Field Peak Power

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Effect of the Orientation on the Comfort of a Building Made with Compressed Earth Block

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2021年第7期12卷 99-112页

作者： Fati Amadou Oumarou adama ouedraogo Sikoudouin Maurice Thierry Ky Ramchandra Bhandari Amadou Konfe Ramatou Konate Rabani Adamou Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo Sié Kam Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energies University Joseph KI-ZERBO: UFR/SEA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Science and Technologies Department of Chemistry University Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya (CUP-Kaya) University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics: ITT Cologne Germany

Thermal comfort is one of the most important requirements that scientists and building designers must meet to ensure the indoor air quality knowing its importance on productivity and the health of occupants. However, it has never been of great concern for architects and architectural historians and seldom explores it. Buildings are the large consumer of the most energy consumption (around 40% worldwide) and generate around 35% of GHGs like CO2 that leads to extreme climate change. Hence, general and specific eco-friendly solutions in the field of building construction are required. Analysis of this study shows that air conditioning consumption can be significantly reduced thanks to the compressed earth bricks and by taking into account the climate and the orientation of the facades. However, this paper establishes viable low-cost option of building energy consumption while maintaining the thermal comfort and good indoor air quality. This work explains the effect of a single residential room orientation, by reducing the thermal amplitude, and improving the thermal phase shift in Ouagadougou climate conditions in April. Internal temperature was modelled with 8 cardinal orientations. The result corresponds to a decrease of thermal amplitude damping greater than 4°C between East-West and North-South sides and, with a thermal phase shift of 4 hours 30 minutes between the Nord and West walls.

关键词： Thermal Comfort Building Optimal Orientation Thermal Amplitude Thermal Phase Shift Energy Consumption Optimal Orientation

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