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Socio-Economic Impact Evaluation of Bovine Tuberculosis on Primary Meat Production at the Bobo-Dioulasso Slaughterhouse in Burkina Faso

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Health 2024年第11期16卷 1057-1067页

作者： Mariétou Konate Aminata Fofana Alassane Haro Aboubacar Sidiki Ouattara adama Sanou UFR/Sciences et Techniques Universit Catholique de lAfrique de lOuest Unit Universitaire Bobo (UCAO/UUB) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Departement of Biomdical/Sant Publique (BioMed/SP) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Techniques (INSTechs) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologies Microbiennes Centre de Recherches en Sciences Biologiques Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Mycobactriologie Centre MURAZ Institut National de Sant Publique Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Dpartement de Biochimie-Microbiologie Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (UFR/SVT) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Bovine tuberculosis is one of the zoonoses which has a very significant socio-economic importance due to the losses in agribusiness and hampers commercial exchange of animals and products. The present study highlights the risk of considerable potential economic and health impacts of this major zoonosis. It was carried out at the Bobo-Dioulasso slaughterhouse, in Burkina Faso over 3 years. A retrospective study was conducted based on bovine tuberculosis suspected carcass seizures during primary meat production between January 1st, 2020 and December 31st, 2022. The diagnosis and the criteria for suspecting bovine tuberculosis were addressed by post-mortem inspection. All carcasses were examined for tuberculosis lesions detection. All cattle slaughtered in the abattoir for primary meat production during the study period were included. Economic losses were determined from recorded seizure data and we included all the cattle slaughtered during the study period. Three thousand two hundred ten (3210) bovine carcasses were seized on a total of 180,827 cattle slaughteredwith a prevalence of 19.48%. Economic loss was estimated to be 53,505,000 F CFA, while the average quantity of animal protein lost was 4746 kg, 435 kg, and 13,445 kg for the carcass, livers, and lungs, respectively. The various results show a real health issue linked to exposure to M. bovis for agents and stakeholders in the primary meat production chain, processors and consumers. In addition, the survey conducted over the study period, reveals important material seized and destroyed. This leads to significant loss in rural agriculture and also in the primary meat production industry for the population. The figures are enormous and impact both the nutritional intake linked to animal protein consumption and the livelihood of the beef industry. The Burkinabe administration should invest in biosecurity and biosafety measures to minimize the risks of the disease and also provide compensation for losses recorded a

关键词： Cattle Bovine Tuberculosis Meat Production Economic Loss Bobo-Dioulasso Slaughterhouse

Experimental Study of a Quadratic Boost: The Cascaded Connected Single Switch

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第6期15卷 139-148页

作者： Prince Abdoul Aziz Honadia Bernard Zouma adama Ouédraogo Fabé Idrissa Barro Department of Physics and Chemistry Centre Universitaire de Kaya (CU-K) Kaya Burkina Faso Thermal Renewable Energies Laboratory Department of Physics Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Semiconductors and Solar Energy Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technique Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

The quadratic boost is studied under its real model. The equations, of the continuous conduction mode, descriptive of this model are established. From these equations, the expressions of the voltage gain and the efficiency are extracted. These two quantities are plotted as a function of the duty cycle in order to appreciate them in different operating points of the transistor. The values of the different components have also been extracted for the fabrication of a prototype of the converter. Thanks to a set of experimental measurements at the input as well as at the output of the prototype converter, the voltage gain and the efficiency could also be observed. These were also plotted for different loads to observe converter behavior. The theoretical curves were compared with the experimental curves which allowed to validate the proposed mathematical models on a large range of duty cycles.

关键词： Voltage Gain Factor Conversion Efficiency Duty Cycle Quadratic Boost

Theoretical Analysis of the Effect of the Interfacial MoSe<sub>2</sub>Layer in CIGS-Based Solar Cells

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2021年第4期9卷 339-350页

作者： adama Sylla N’Guessan Armel Ignace Touré Siaka Jean-Pierre Vilcot Laboratoitre d’Energie Solaire Universit&#233 F&#233lix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire. Institut d’Electronique de Micro&#233lectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) UMR CNRS 8520. Laboratoire Central Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex Lille France

The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of the interfacial MoSe2 layer on the performance of a /n-ZnO/i-ZnO/n-Zn(O,S)/p-CIGS/p+-MoSe2/Mo/SLG solar cell. In this investigation, the numerical simulation software AFORS-HET is used to calculate the electrical characteristics of the cell with and without this MoSe2 layer. Different reported experimental works have highlighted the presence of a thin-film MoSe2 layer at the CIGS/Mo contact interface. Under a tunneling effect, this MoSe2 layer transforms the Schottky CIGS/Mo contact nature into a quasi-ohmic one. Owing to a heavily p-doping, the MoSe2 thin layer allows better transport of majority carrier, tunneling them from CIGS to Mo. Moreover, the bandgap of MoSe2 is wider than that of the CIGS absorbing layer, such that an electric field is generated close to the back surface. The presence of this electric field reduces carrier recombination at the interface. Under these conditions, we examined the performance of the cell with and without MoSe2

Optimization of Diesel and Crude Oil Degradation in a Ghanaian Soil Using Organic Wastes as Amendment

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 1-12页

作者： adama Sawadogo Innocent Yao Dotse Lawson Hama Cissé Cheikna Zongo Aly Savadogo Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology Research and Training Unit Life and Earth Sciences Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Soil Science Department School of Agriculture University of Ghana Accra Ghana

Soil contamination by hydrocarbons poses numerous environmental, health and agricultural problems. The degradation of these pollutants can occur naturally but very slowly. It is therefore generally necessary to stimulate this degradation by different means. Thus, this study aimed to improve the bio-degradation of diesel and crude oil in a Ghanaian soil by biostimulation. For this, the sampled soil was characterized by standard methods and contaminated with diesel and crude oil at a proportion of 1% (w/w). Then, contaminated soil samples were supplemented with biochar-compost, poultry manure or cow dung at the proportion of 10% (w/w). Periodically, fractions of these samples were taken to evaluate the density of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) and the residual quantities of diesel or crude oil. The characteristics of the soil used show the need for supplementation for better degradation of hydrocarbons. The results of the study show that supplementing the soil with organic substrates increases HUB loads in soils contaminated by diesel and crude oil. They also show that the residual quantities of diesel and crude oil are generally significantly lower in supplemented soils (p = 0.048 and p < 0.0001 respectively). In addition, the study shows that degradation was generally greater in soils contaminated by diesel compared to those contaminated by crude oil, especially at the end of the study.

关键词： Biodegradation Biostimulation Soil Diesel Crude Oil Organic Amendment Ghana

Assessment of the Aflatoxin Content of Maize Flours Produced in the Commune of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 897-907页

作者： adama Sawadogo Raoul Bazié Hama Cissé Latifatou Helbi Cheikna Zongo Aly Savadogo Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology Research and Training Unit Life and Earth Sciences Joseph KI-ZERBO Uni-versity Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Center of Manga Norbert ZONGO University Manga Burkina Faso

Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites present in various foods, especially when production and conservation do not respect good hygiene practices (GHP). In Ouagadougou, maize flour is produced and sold in different structures by actors who do not always respect GHP. Thus, it is necessary to regularly control the quality of these flours. So, this is carried out with the aim to assess the aflatoxin content of maize flours produced in the municipality of Ouagadougou. For this, twenty-eight (28) samples were collected from households, markets and supermarkets in the city of Ouagadougou. Thus, LC/MS/MS analysis was used to assess the aflatoxin content of the samples. The results obtained reveal the presence of total aflatoxins (AFT) in 78.57% of samples analyzed with levels ranging from 0.89 to 64.25 μg/kg. The prevalence of different types of aflatoxins were 57.14% for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 46.43% for aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), 42.86% for aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) and 4.6% for aflatoxin G2 (AFG2). The results also show that 80% and 60% of market samples, 70% and 30% of household samples and 37.5% and 25% of supermarket samples do not comply with European Commission standards for AFT and AFB1 respectively. For all the samples, 60.71% and 42.86% of the samples are compliant according to the limits established by the European Commission (EC) respectively for AFB1 and AFT. Regarding the results obtained, producers and processors must be supervised and trained in GHP for the production of better-quality flours.

关键词： Aflatoxins Maize Flour Sanitaty Quality LC/MS/MS Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Impact of the Thicknesses of the p and p+ Regions on the Electrical Parameters of a Bifacial PV Cell

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第2期14卷 133-145页

作者： Ramatou Konate Bernard Zouma adama Ouedraogo Bruno Korgo Martial Zoungrana Sié Kam Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques REnouvelables (L.E.T.RE) Département de Physique Unité de Recherche et de Formation en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya (CUP-Kaya) Kaya Burkina Faso

The present paper is about a contribution to the bifacial PV cell performances improvement. The PV cell efficiency is weak compared to the strong energy demand. In this study, the base thickness impacts and the p+ zone size influence are evaluated on the rear face of the polycrystalline back surface field bifacial silicon PV cell. The photocurrent density and photovoltage behaviors versus thickness of these regions are studied. From a three-dimensional grain of the polycrystalline bifacial PV cell, the magneto-transport and continuity equations of excess minority carriers are solved to find the expression of the density of excess minority carriers and the related electrical parameters, such as the photocurrent density, the photovoltage and the electric power for simultaneous illumination on both sides. The photocurrent density, the photovoltage and electric power versus junction dynamic velocity decrease for different thicknesses of base and the p+ region increases for simultaneous illumination on both sides. It is found that the thickness of the p+ region at 0.1 μm and the base size at 100 μm allow reaching the best bifacial PV cell performances. Consequently, it is imperative to consider the reduction in the thickness of the bifacial PV cell for exhibition of better performance. This reduced the costs and increase production speed while increasing conversion efficiency.

关键词： Doped p+ Region Bifacial PV Cell Photocurrent Density Photovoltage Polycrystalline Solar Cell

Ichthyoplankton Population in the Estuaries and Mangroves of Sangaréah Bay

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第11期14卷 879-890页

作者： Ousmane Sangaré adama Oueda Yabyouré Marc-Florent Sawadogo Ahmed Guissé Fanta Touré Ecole Suprieure du Tourisme et de lHotellerie (ESTH) Conakry Guinea Laboratoire de Biologie et cologie Animales Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Scientifique de Rogban Conakry Guinea Ministre de lEnseignement Suprieur de la Recherche Scientifique et de lInnovation Conakry Guinea

This study concerns the density and biomass of the ichthyoplankton population in the estuaries and mangroves of Sangaréah Bay. The study resulted in the inventory of 5938 individuals divided into 20 families and 30 species, more dominated by the Carangidae, Clupeidae and Sciaenidae, which each account for 10% of the species total population. A high concentration of planktonic ichthyo organisms was observed in the Sonfonia, Samatran, Soumba and Arabanty areas. In short, the constant presence of eggs and larvae of ontogenetic stages make these estuary and mangrove zones environments of advection, migration, ontogenetic development and feeding. Ichthyoplankton is one of the modern tools used in the bio-indication and bio-monitoring of aquatic ecosystems. A diverse population dominated by fish eggs and larvae is a sign that the ecosystems surveyed are functioning properly.

关键词： Estuaries Mangroves Sangaréah Bay Ichthyoplankton Species

Mechanical Characteristics Test of Concrete Steel Bars Available in Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2020年第9期8卷 1-13页

作者： Conand Honoré Kouakou Ibrahima Bakayoko Mamery adama Serifou Edjikémé Emeruwa Université Félix Houphouë t-Boigny UFR des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières Laboratoire des Sciences du sol de l’eau et de Géomatériaux Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

Buildings collapse has now become a recurrent phenomenon in Côte d’Ivoire. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the reasons for these disasters, and check in particular to the extent, and concrete steel bars produced in Côte d’Ivoire and used in buildings’ structures are involved. Samples having 6, 8, 10 and 12 mm in diameter steel taken from the five (5) major manufacturers or suppliers of the Ivorian market were subjected to physical, chemical and mechanical tests to determine their performance. A comparison of these results with the NF EN 10080 and NF A35 080-1 standards made it possible to calculate the probability to have out-of-standard products in a structure. Pieces having 60 cm were cut from three bars of the same thickness and then subjected to tests. These are the chemical test by optical emission spectrometer, physical tests by caliper measurements of diameter, height of bolts and ribs and calculation of linear mass, and tensile tests with the help of hydraulic press. These tests made it possible to determine the characteristics of the steel bars. Then, these characteristics were compared with standards NF EN 10080 and NF A35 080-1, in order to judge their conformity for construction. Finally, the likelihood of having non-standard steel bars in a structure is calculated. These tests indicate that the relative surfaces of the bolts of the various bars HA6, HA8, HA10 and HA12 vary from 0.146 to 0.323 respectively;0.120 to 0.312;0.101 to 0, 297 and 0.142 to 0.482. Likewise, their calculated linear masses of these bars are respectively between 28.3 mm2 and 222 g/m;50.3 mm2 and 395 g/m;78.5 mm2 and 617 g/m;and 113 mm2 and 888 g/m. In addition, their yield strengths and elongations at break vary from 344 MPa to 582 MPa and from 0.2% to 15% respectively. According to analysis of these results, 100% of steel bars woul

关键词： Building Collapse Steel Bars Standards Adhesion Mechanical Performance

Etiological Aspects of the Dilatation of the Upper Urinary Tract at University Hospital of Gabriel Toure

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Open Journal of Urology 2018年第7期8卷 199-205页

作者： Amadou Kassogué Mamadou Tidiani Coulibaly Zanafon Ouattara adama Yaflé Diarra Aly Tembely Department of Urology University Hospital of Pr Bocar Sidy Sall at Kati Mali Department of Urology University Hospital of Gabriel Toure at Bamako Mali Department of Urology University Hospital of Point G at Bamako Mali

Introduction: The dilatation of the upper urinary tract, signs in the vast majority of cases the presence of a ureteral obstacle. The etiologies are diverse. Mali is a country where urinary schistosomiasis is endemic. Repeated infestation may result in long-term ureteropelastic dilatation secondary to stenotic sequelae. The objective is to study the causes of dilatations of the upper urinary tract. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of 12 months, from October 2010 to September 2011, performed in the urology department of Gabriel Toure University Hospital in Bamako. The parameters studied were: age, sex, reason for consultation, medical history, urinary analysis, etiological diagnosis, management, evaluation of renal failure. Result: In 12 months, we collected 50 cases of dilatations of the upper urinary tract representing 0.66% of all consultations. The average age of our patients was 35 years old. The sex ratio was 2.13 in favor of men. A history of urinary schistosomiasis was found in 25 patients or 50%. Low back pain was the most common reason for consultation, 76%. The renal and bladder ultrasonography performed in all 50 patients in our series found bilateral dilatation in 68% of patients and unilateral dilation in 32% of cases. Urinary tract infection with Escherichia coli was found in 53% of cases. Ureterovesical reimplantation was performed in 40% of cases. Conclusion: The dilatation of the upper urinary tract, consequence of an anatomical or functional obstruction, constitutes a rather frequent pathology and constituted 10% of the surgical acts of our service. Etiologies are diverse: congenital and acquired. Open surgery gives good results, but the introduction of innovative minimally invasive surgical technique is necessary.

关键词： Etiological Dilatation of the Upper Urinary Tract Treatment