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Optimization of Diesel and Crude Oil Degradation in a Ghanaian Soil Using Organic Wastes as Amendment

Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 1-12页

作者： adama Sawadogo Innocent Yao Dotse Lawson Hama Cissé Cheikna Zongo aly Savadogo Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology Research and Training Unit Life and Earth Sciences Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Soil Science Department School of Agriculture University of Ghana Accra Ghana

Soil contamination by hydrocarbons poses numerous environmental, health and agricultural problems. The degradation of these pollutants can occur naturally but very slowly. It is therefore generally necessary to stimulate this degradation by different means. Thus, this study aimed to improve the bio-degradation of diesel and crude oil in a Ghanaian soil by biostimulation. For this, the sampled soil was characterized by standard methods and contaminated with diesel and crude oil at a proportion of 1% (w/w). Then, contaminated soil samples were supplemented with biochar-compost, poultry manure or cow dung at the proportion of 10% (w/w). Periodically, fractions of these samples were taken to evaluate the density of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) and the residual quantities of diesel or crude oil. The characteristics of the soil used show the need for supplementation for better degradation of hydrocarbons. The results of the study show that supplementing the soil with organic substrates increases HUB loads in soils contaminated by diesel and crude oil. They also show that the residual quantities of diesel and crude oil are generally significantly lower in supplemented soils (p = 0.048 and p < 0.0001 respectively). In addition, the study shows that degradation was generally greater in soils contaminated by diesel compared to those contaminated by crude oil, especially at the end of the study.

关键词： Biodegradation Biostimulation Soil Diesel Crude Oil Organic Amendment Ghana

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Farmers’perceptions on cultivation and the impacts of climate change on goods and services provided by Garcinia kola in Nigeria

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 425-434页

作者： Onyebuchi Patrick Agwu adama Bakayoko Saka Oladunni Jimoh Porembski Stefan WASCAL Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and Biodiversity Universite´Felix Houphouet BoignyBP 165Abidjan 31Côte d’Ivoire Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire(CSRS) UniversitéNangui AbrogouaAbidjanCôte d’Ivoire Department of Social and Environmental Forestry University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Institute for Biodiversity Research University of RostockRostockGermany

Background:Garcinia kola is an indigenous multipurpose tree species commonly found in the tropical rain forest zone of West and Central *** economic,ecological,and socio-cultural benefits for people,they have potentials to improve the regional and local income generation to the farmers but the cultivation of the species is very limited in ***:The study investigated cultivation and farmers’perceptions on the impacts of climate change on goods and services provided by *** in *** questioners and interviews were *** data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistic such as frequency,percentage,chi-square,and multinomial logit regressions with SPSS Version 20 and R software Version ***:The results show that farmers are presently not cultivating ***,and most of the available stands were inherited from *** farmers still believe it is only God that can make *** to germinate;however,information about the new improved methods of raising *** was not spread across farmers’*** 93%of these farmers were not aware of these new methods,and the only means they raise the species is by picking the wildlings that regenerate naturally close to mother tree and are rarely *** finding also shows that farmers are well aware of climate change and its impact on crop productivity is not clear to *** result shows that five explanatory variables(age,gender,marital status,education level,household size and primary occupation)are the main factors significantly influencing farmers’perception of climate change and the cultivation of the *** interview section,the farmers reported variability of Harmattan season influences fruit production of the species;according to them,increase in Harmattan season usually leads to increase in fruiting of ***:Based on our findings,all the 215 respondent interviewed agree that climatic variability influences the availabi

关键词： Garcinia kola Propagation Multipurpose species Farmers Climate change Harmattan season

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Assessment of the Aflatoxin Content of Maize Flours Produced in the Commune of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 897-907页

作者： adama Sawadogo Raoul Bazié Hama Cissé Latifatou Helbi Cheikna Zongo aly Savadogo Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology Research and Training Unit Life and Earth Sciences Joseph KI-ZERBO Uni-versity Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Center of Manga Norbert ZONGO University Manga Burkina Faso

Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites present in various foods, especially when production and conservation do not respect good hygiene practices (GHP). In Ouagadougou, maize flour is produced and sold in different structures by actors who do not always respect GHP. Thus, it is necessary to regularly control the quality of these flours. So, this is carried out with the aim to assess the aflatoxin content of maize flours produced in the municipality of Ouagadougou. For this, twenty-eight (28) samples were collected from households, markets and supermarkets in the city of Ouagadougou. Thus, LC/MS/MS analysis was used to assess the aflatoxin content of the samples. The results obtained reveal the presence of total aflatoxins (AFT) in 78.57% of samples analyzed with levels ranging from 0.89 to 64.25 μg/kg. The prevalence of different types of aflatoxins were 57.14% for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 46.43% for aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), 42.86% for aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) and 4.6% for aflatoxin G2 (AFG2). The results also show that 80% and 60% of market samples, 70% and 30% of household samples and 37.5% and 25% of supermarket samples do not comply with European Commission standards for AFT and AFB1 respectively. For all the samples, 60.71% and 42.86% of the samples are compliant according to the limits established by the European Commission (EC) respectively for AFB1 and AFT. Regarding the results obtained, producers and processors must be supervised and trained in GHP for the production of better-quality flours.

关键词： Aflatoxins Maize Flour Sanitaty Quality LC/MS/MS Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

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RMB Exchange Rate Variation of China World Trade

RMB Exchange Rate Variation of China World Trade

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作者： adama Seek 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

This study traces the impact between the variability of the RMB exchange rate and the global Chinese trade. The main objective of this research is to present the dominating links and interactions of the relationship and to examine-with advanced econometrics tools-the significance between the volatility of the exchange rate of RMB and Chinese imports and exports. It will be made a statement about the alternative exchange policy in China since 1994. After the founding of New China, several economic policies have been undertaken on behalf of the exchange rate of the Chinese currency. In this connection we will analyze China's exchange rate:The changes since 1994 until 2005 (from a fixed exchange rate system of the RMB) and progressively, from the 21st July 2005, moved to a floating exchange rate system. Finally it will be evaluated, if the RMB fluctuations are more in line with the current economic policy under the premises of a floating exchange *** is a doctrinal controversy in the literature about the volatility of the exchange rate of RMB impact on international trade. Hence the literature does not allow us to conclude in mutual agreement. Therefore we will make clear definitions in this research and, based on empirical investigation, we will determine the impact of the rate of China's currency. Eventually we aim to prove the existence of a significant effect of the RMB variability in the global Chinese *** using Augmented Dicker Fuller principles, this study examines the volatility of the exchange rate of RMB on Chinese international trade during the year 1996-2015. As verification and in order to figure out if our model have not a Unit Root, we use Johansen co-integration and Error Correction Model. Its serve us to validate our variables. In our model, the dependent variable is RMB exchange rate, while the independent variables are imports and exports (of different time periods).The results will allow us to make a conclusion about the correlation be

关键词： RMB exchange rate Volatility of the exchange rate China Import China Export

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Etiological Aspects of the Dilatation of the Upper Urinary Tract at University Hospital of Gabriel Toure

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Open Journal of Urology 2018年第7期8卷 199-205页

作者： Amadou Kassogué Mamadou Tidiani couli.aly Zanafon Ouattara adama Yaflé Diarra aly Tembely Department of Urology University Hospital of Pr Bocar Sidy Sall at Kati Mali Department of Urology University Hospital of Gabriel Toure at Bamako Mali Department of Urology University Hospital of Point G at Bamako Mali

Introduction: The dilatation of the upper urinary tract, signs in the vast majority of cases the presence of a ureteral obstacle. The etiologies are diverse. Mali is a country where urinary schistosomiasis is endemic. Repeated infestation may result in long-term ureteropelastic dilatation secondary to stenotic sequelae. The objective is to study the causes of dilatations of the upper urinary tract. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of 12 months, from October 2010 to September 2011, performed in the urology department of Gabriel Toure University Hospital in Bamako. The parameters studied were: age, sex, reason for consultation, medical history, urinary analysis, etiological diagnosis, management, evaluation of renal failure. Result: In 12 months, we collected 50 cases of dilatations of the upper urinary tract representing 0.66% of all consultations. The average age of our patients was 35 years old. The sex ratio was 2.13 in favor of men. A history of urinary schistosomiasis was found in 25 patients or 50%. Low back pain was the most common reason for consultation, 76%. The renal and bladder ultrasonography performed in all 50 patients in our series found bilateral dilatation in 68% of patients and unilateral dilation in 32% of cases. Urinary tract infection with Escherichia coli was found in 53% of cases. Ureterovesical reimplantation was performed in 40% of cases. Conclusion: The dilatation of the upper urinary tract, consequence of an anatomical or functional obstruction, constitutes a rather frequent pathology and constituted 10% of the surgical acts of our service. Etiologies are diverse: congenital and acquired. Open surgery gives good results, but the introduction of innovative minimally invasive surgical technique is necessary.

关键词： Etiological Dilatation of the Upper Urinary Tract Treatment

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Osgood Schlatter Disease: Study of 2 Observations in Conakry, Guinea

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 77-83页

作者： adama Bah Laetitia Cynthia Abandazegoue Andjembe Abdoulaye Barry Mamadou Lamine Diallo Moustapha Niasse aly Badra Kamissoko Rheumatology Department Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Conakry Guin&#233e Rheumatology Department CHU Aristide Le Dantec of Dakar Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Department of Rhumatology Sylvanus Olypio University Hospital Lom&#233 Lom&#233 Togo

Introduction: OSD is a growth osteochondrosis affecting the apophyseal cartilage of the anterior tibial tuberosity of the knee, 20 to 30% of young growing athletes suffer from this pathology, described by Osgood and Schlatter in 1903. Objective: To report 2 observations and review the literature. Observation 1: This was a 14-year-old Guinean teenager, Halpoular, living in Conakry, a right-handed footballer who presented with a painful swelling of the right knee that looked mechanical, whose father had HLA B27 positive ankylosing spondylitis. X-ray of the right knee showed fragmentation of the anterior tibial tuberosities, and ossicle with edema of the patellar tendons at stage 4 according to Ehrenbord and Lagergren (1961). Thus, the disease of OSD is retained, He received 120 mg of diclofenac, 20 mg omeprazole for 1 month and the cessation of sports activity, the evolution was favorably marked by the regression of pain. Observation 2: A 16-year-old girl, initials M.L.T, Guinean, residing in Coyah (Republic of Guinea), a handball player, consulted for intense pain (VAS: 8/10) in her knees after a violent shock received when she hit the post. The physical examination found a painful, soft swelling at the anterior tibial tuberosity of the right knee, the rest of the examination was normal. The X-ray of the right knee shows fragmentation of the anterior tibial tuberosity, and ossicle with edema of the patellar tendon at stage 4 according to Ehrenbord and Lagergren 1961, thus the OSD disease is retained, the treatment instituted was 120 mg of diclofenac, the cessation of sports activity which gives a good evolution (EVA at 2/10). Conclusion: OSD is a growth osteochondrosis affecting the apophyseal cartilage of the anterior tibial tuberosity of the knee in young growing athletes, resolving at rest.

关键词： Osgood Shlatter Disease Young Athlete

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Prediction of selected biodiesel fuel properties using artificial neural network

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Frontiers in Energy 2015年第4期9卷 433-445页

作者： Solomon O. GIWA Sunday O. ADEKOMAYA Kayode O. adama Moruf O. MUKAILA Department of Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering and Environmental Studies Olabisi Onabanjo University lbogun Campus Ifo Ogun State Nigeria

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel to replace fossil- based diesel fuel. It has fuel properties similar to diesel which are generally determined experimentally. The experimental determination of various properties of biodiesel is costly, time consuming and a tedious process. To solve these problems, artificial neural network （ANN） has been considered as a vital tool for estimating the fuel properties of biodiesel, especially from its fatty acid （FA） composition. In this study, four ANNs have been designed and trained to predict the cetane number （CN）, flash point （FP）, kinematic viscosity （KV） and density of biodiesel using ANN with logsig and purelin transfer functions in the hidden layer of all the networks. The five most prevalent FAs from 55 feedstocks found in the literature utilized as the input parameters for the model are palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenie acids except for density network with a sixth parameter （temperature）. Other FAs that are present in the biodiesels have been considered based on the number of carbon atom chains and the level of saturation. From this study, the prediction accuracy and the average absolute deviation of the networks are CN （96.69%; 1.637%）, KV （95.80%; 1.638%）, FP （99.07%; 0.997%） and density （99.40%; 0.101%）. These values are reasonably better compared to previous studies on empirical correlations and ANN predictions of these fuel properties found in literature. Hence, the present study demonstrates the ability of ANN model to predict fuel properties of biodiesel with high accuracy.

关键词： biodiesel fuel properties artificial neuralnetwork fatty acid prediction

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Ankylosing Spondylitis in a West African Hospital

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2023年第1期13卷 8-16页

作者： Abdoulaye Barry Oumar Diouhé Bah adama Bah Mamadou Lamine Diallo Kaba Condé Samba Frein Condé aly Badra Kamissoko Rheumatology Department of the National Ignace Deen Hospital in Conakry Conakry Guinea Biomar 24 Medical Laboratory Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease characterized by predominant axial and peripheral (enthesitis, sacroiliitis) involvement affecting young subjects aged 30 to 40 years, 80% to 98% of cases are associated with HLA-B27. Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of ankylosing spondylitis in the rheumatology department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry (Guinea). Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out within the said department over a period of 18 months from July 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020, including all patients seen in consultation and/or hospitalized in the department in which the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis had been retained according to the modified New York criterion. The parameters studied were sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic. Result: We collected 73 cases or 4.1% of ankylosing spondylitis out of a total of 1781 patients seen during the study period. The male gender was represented with 54.8% for a sex ratio of 1.2 M/F. The average age of our patients was 32.18 ± 12.44 years with extremes ranging from 17 to 54 years. Axial involvement was present in 89.9% of cases with a lumbar predominance (95.2%), followed by the sacroiliac seat (35.5%), cervical (14.5%) and dorsal at 4.8%. The pain was chronic in 93.2% of cases. The most common drug treatment was taking analgesics and NSAIDs (100%) followed by cortisone infiltration (41.1%), corticosteroids (30%), and physiotherapy (21.9%). Ankylosing spondylitis represents 83% of spondyloarthritis followed by undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (9.1%) and juvenile spondylitis (3.4%) were the most common conditions.

关键词： Ankylosing Spondylitis Rheumatology Ignace Deen Guinea

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Petrology of lherzolite xenoliths of HosséréSédévolcano(adamawa plateau,Ngaoundéréarea,Cameroon)

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第5期42卷 817-831页

作者： O.F.Nkouandou J.M.Bardintzeff Fagny Mefire Njankouo Ndassa A.A.Sahabo H.adama Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of NgaoundereP.O.Box.454NgaoundereCameroon Univ Paris-Saclay Sciences de la TerreVolcanologie-PlanetologieUMR CNRS 8148 GEOPSBat.50491405 OrsayFrance Laboratoire de volcanologie Institut de Recherches Geologique et Minie`reB.P.370BueaCameroon

Numerous mantle xenoliths 6–12 cm in size and sub-angular to rounded in shape occur within Mio-Pliocene basanite lavas of the monogenic volcano of HosséréSédé in the adamawa *** of spinel lherzolite exhibit protogranular,equigranular or porphyroclastic *** chemical analyses show that olivine is highly magnesian(Fo_(88-90)),clinopyroxene crystals are diopside and augite(Wo_(41.6–49.6)En_(45.3–53.7)Fs_(4.2–6.2)),orthopyroxene crystals are enstatite(Wo 1.4–1.5 En_(88.6–89.0)Fs_(9.6–9.9))and spinel crystals are mainly Al-spinel associ-ated to minor *** temperatures and pressures through empirical formulas show that HosséréSédé noliths have equilibrated between 1085 and 1204℃and 1.08 to 1.57 GPa,corresponding to sampling depths of 36 and 52 *** petrographical and mineral chemistry of HosséréSédénoliths evidences the com-plex nature and composition of the subcontinental lithosphere under the adamawa *** may involve a probable uplift of the whole area after a limited exten-sional event,possible metasomatism through melt infiltration during shearing of the lithospheric mantle along the Pan African strike-slip fault system.

关键词： Cameroon adamawa HosséréSédé Subcontinental lithosphere Xenolith Peridotite Lherzolite

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Groundwater quality in the vicinity of a dumpsite in Lagos metropolis,Nigeria

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Geography and Sustainability 2023年第4期4卷 379-390页

作者： Carla S.S.Ferreira Onyanta adama-Ajonye Anosike EIkenna Zahra Kalantari Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm UniversitySE-10691 StockholmSweden Polytechnic Institute of Coimbr1 Applied Research InstituteRua da Misericórdi1Lagar dos Cortiços-S.Martinho do Bispo3045-093 Coimbr1Portugal Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society(CERNAS)Polytechnic Institute of Coimbr1Bencant13045-601 Coimbr1Portugal Department of Human Geography Stockholm UniversitySE-10691 StockholmSweden University of Lagos Akok1Yab1LagosNigeria Department of Sustainable Development Environmental Science and EngineeringKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-10044 StockholmSweden

Inappropriate management of municipal solid waste dumpsites is a major cause of groundwater contamination in developing countries,but the extent of the problem is not *** study investigated groundwater quality in the vicinity of Olusosun dumpsite in Lagos,Nigeria,the most populous city in sub-Saharan *** 2020,monthly groundwater samples were collected in 17 wells and boreholes used as drinking water sources,and analysed for 20 physico-chemical *** between sites and seasons were statistically assessed,together with changes in water quality index(WQI).The results indicated that heavy metals(Pb^(2+),Ni^(+),Mn^(2+),Fe^(2+),Cr^(6+)),cations(Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),K^(+)),total hardness and pH were the main parameters impairing water *** water quality standards from both the World Health Organization and Nigeria government were exceeded more often in the wet season than in the dry *** groundwater properties were negatively correlated with distance to dumpsite(e.g.,Fe^(2+),Pb^(2+),NO_(3)^(−)).Significant differences between sites were identified,but with no clear spatial *** varied from excellent(6%-24%of the sites over the study period)to unsuitable for drinking water purposes(12%-18%),with good quality prevailing at most sites(35%-47%).Although groundwater quality declined at 24%of the sites over 2020,the results indicated improvements compared with previous *** strategies must be implemented to safeguard public health and the sustainability of water resources.

关键词： Municipal solid waste dumpsite Groundwater quality Seasonal variation Heavy metals Nigeria

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