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Towards standardizing retinal optical coherence tomography angiography:a review

Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第4期11卷 520-541页

作者： Danuta m.Sampson adam m.Dubis Fred K.Chen robert J.Zawadzki David D.Sampson Surrey Biophotonics Centre for VisionSpeech and Signal Processing and School of Biosciences and MedicineThe University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK NIHr Biomedical research Centre at moorflelds Eye Hospital NHS Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology London EC1V 2PDUK. Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science(incorporating Lions Eye Institute) The University of Western AustraliaNedlandsWestern Australia 6009Australia. Department of Ophthalmology Royal Perth HospitalPerthWestern Australia 6000Australia. Ophthalmology Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria 3002Australia. Department of Ophthalmology&Vision Science University of California DavisSacramentoCA 95817USA. Surrey Biophotonics Advanced Technology InstituteSchool of Physics and School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of SurreyGuildfordSurrey GU27XHUK

The visualization and assessment of retinal microvasculature are important in the study,diagnosis,monitoring,and guidance of treatment of ocular and systemic *** the introduction of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it has become possible to visualize the retinal microvasculature volumetrically and without a contrast *** lab-based and commercial clinical instruments,imaging protocols and data analysis methods and metrics,have been applied,often inconsistently,resulting in a confusing picture that represents a major barrier to progress in applying OCTA to reduce the burden of *** data and software sharing,and cross-comparison and pooling of data from different studies are *** inabilities have impeded building the large databases of annotated OCTA images of healthy and diseased retinas that are necessary to study and define characteristics of specific *** paper addresses the steps needed to standardize OCTA imaging of the human retina to address these *** review of the OCTA literature,we identify issues and inconsistencies and propose minimum standards for imaging protocols,data analysis methods,metrics,reporting of findings,and clinical practice and,where this is not possible,we identify areas that require further *** hope that this paper will encourage the unification of imaging protocols in OCTA,promote transparency in the process of data collection,analysis,and reporting,and facilitate increasing the impact of OCTA on retinal healthcare delivery and life science investigations.

关键词： transparency steps inconsistent

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randomized trial in malignant biliary obstruction:Plastic vs partially covered metal stents

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第46期19卷 8638-8646页

作者： Peter L moses Khalid m AlNaamani Alan N Barkun Stuart r Gordon roger D mitty m Stanley Branch Thomas E Kowalski myriam martel Viviane adam Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Vermont Division of Gastroenterology McGill University Health Center mcGill University Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health McGill University Health Center Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon Division of Gastroenterology Tufts University School of Medicine Boston Division of Gastroenterology Duke University Medical Center Durham Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Thomas Jefferson University Hospital

AIm:To compare efficacy and complications of par-tially covered self-expandable metal stent(pcSEmS)to plastic stent(PS)in patients treated for malignant,infrahilar biliary ***:multicenter prospective randomized clinical trial with treatment allocation to a pcWallstent(SEmS)or a 10 French *** patients aged≥18,for infrahilar malignant biliary obstruction and a Karnofsky performance scale index>60%from 6 participating North American university *** endpoint was time to stent failure,with secondary outcomes of death,adverse events,Karnofsky performance score and short-form-36 scale administered on a three-monthly basis for up to 2 *** analyses were performed for stent failure and death,with Cox proportional hazards regression models to determine significant predictive ***:Eighty-five patients were accrued over 37mo,42 were randomized to the SEmS group and 83patients were available for *** to stent failure was 385.3±52.5 d in the SEmS and 153.3±19.8 d in the PS group,P=*** to death did not differ between groups(192.3±23.4 d for SEmS vs211.5±28.0 d for PS,P=0.70).The only significant predictor was treatment allocation,relating to the time to stent failure(P=0.01).Amongst other measured outcomes,only cholangitis differed,being more common in the PS group(4.9%vs 24.5%,P=0.029).The small number of patients in follow-up limits longitudinal assessments of performance and quality of *** an initially planned 120 patients,only 85 patients were ***:Partially covered SEmS result in a longer duration till stent failure without increased complication rates,yet without accompanying measurable benefits in survival,performance,or quality of life.

关键词： randomized Biliary Obstruction Stent Plastic metal Palliative Common bile duct

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Finding stable multi-component materials by combining cluster expansion and crystal structure predictions

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npj Computational materials 2023年第1期9卷 2137-2146页

作者： adam Carlsson Johanna rosen martin Dahlqvist materials Design Department of PhysicsChemistryand Biology(IFM)Linköping UniversitySE-58183 LinköpingSweden

A desired prerequisite when performing a quantum mechanical calculation is to have an initial idea of the atomic positions within an approximate crystal *** atomic positions combined should result in a system located in,or close to,an energy ***,designing low-energy structures may be a challenging task when prior knowledge is scarce,specifically for large multi-component systems where the degrees of freedom are close to *** this paper,we propose a method for identification of low-energy crystal structures within multi-component systems by combining cluster expansion and crystal structure predictions with density-functional theory *** structure prediction searches are applied to the mo_(2)AlB_(2) and Sc2AlB_(2) ternary systems to identify candidate structures,which are subsequently used to explore the quaternary(pseudo-binary)(mo_(x)Sc_(1–x))2AlB_(2) system through the cluster expansion formalism utilizing the ground-state search ***,we show that utilizing low-energy structures found within the cluster expansion ground-state search as seed structures within crystal structure predictions of(mo_(x)Sc_(1–x))2AlB_(2) can significantly reduce the computational *** this combined approach,we not only correctly identified the recently discovered mo_(4/3)Sc_(2/3)AlB_(2) i-mAB phase,comprised of in-plane chemical ordering of mo and Sc and with Al in a Kagomélattice,but also predict additional low-energy structures at various *** result demonstrates that combining crystal structure prediction with cluster expansion provides a path for identifying low-energy crystal structures in multi-component systems by employing the strengths from both frameworks.

关键词： structure cluster crystal

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Dominance network structure across reproductive contexts in the cooperatively breeding cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 45-54页

作者： Cody J. DEY Q.Y. Joanne TAN Constance m. O'CONNOr adam r. rEDDON J. ryan CALDWELL Sigal BALSHINE Department of Biology McMaster University Hamilton Ontario ON L8S 4K1 Canada Department of Psychology Neuroscience and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L8 Canada

While a large number of studies have described animal social networks, we have a poor understanding of how these networks vary with ecological and social conditions. For example, reproductive periods are an important life-history stage that may involve changes in dominance relationships among individuals, yet no study to date has compared social networks of do- minance interactions （i.e. dominance networks） across reproductive contexts. We first analyzed a long-term dataset on captive so- cial groups of the cooperatively breeding cichlid Neolamprologuspulcher, and found that eviction events were significantly more common around reproduction than expected by chance. Next, we compared the structure of dominance networks during early pa- rental care and non-reproductive periods, using one of the first applications of exponential random graph models in behavioral biology. Contrary to our predictions, we found that dominance networks showed few changes between early parental care and non-reproductive periods. We found no evidence that dominance interactions became more skewed towards larger individuals, became more frequent between similar-sized individuals, or became more biased towards a particular sex during parental care. However, we did find that there were relatively more dominance interactions between opposite-sex dyads in the early parental care period, which may be a by-product of increased sexual interactions during this time. This is the first study in behavioral ecology to compare social networks using exponential random graph modeling, and demonstrates a powerful analytical framework for future studies in the field [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 45-54, 2015].

关键词： Social network Aggression Submissive Hierarchy Parental care P* model

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Infrared chemical imaging through non-degenerate two-photon absorption in silicon-based cameras

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 813-822页

作者： David Knez adam m.Hanninen richard C.Prince Eric O.Potma Dmitry A.Fishman Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA

Chemical imaging based on mid-infrared(mIr)spectroscopic contrast is an important technique with a myriad of applications,including biomedical imaging and environmental *** mIr cameras,however,lack performance and are much less affordable than mature Si-based devices,which operate in the visible and nearinfrared ***,we demonstrate fast mIr chemical imaging through non-degenerate two-photon absorption(NTA)in a standard Si-based charge-coupled device(CCD).We show that wide-field mIr images can be obtained at 100 ms exposure times using picosecond pulse energies of only a few femtojoules per pixel through NTA directly on the CCD *** this on-chip approach does not rely on phase matching,it is alignment-free and does not necessitate complex postprocessing of the *** emphasize the utility of this technique through chemically selective mIr imaging of polymers and biological samples,including mIr videos of moving targets,physical processes and live nematodes.

关键词： absorption Infrared chemical

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Predicting June mean rainfall in the middle/Lower Yangtze river Basin

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第1期37卷 29-41页

作者： Gill m.mArTIN Nick J.DUNSTONE adam A.SCAIFE Philip E.BETT met Office Exeter

We demonstrate that there is significant skill in the GloSea5 operational seasonal forecasting system for predicting June mean rainfall in the middle/lower Yangtze river basin up to four months in *** of the rainfall in this region during June is contributed by the mei-yu rain *** find that similar skill exists for predicting the East Asian summer monsoon index(EASmI)on monthly time scales,and that the latter could be used as a proxy to predict the regional ***,there appears to be little to be gained from using the predicted EASmI as a proxy for regional rainfall on monthly time scales compared with predicting the rainfall *** interannual variability of the June mean rainfall is affected by synoptic and intraseasonal variations,which may be inherently unpredictable on the seasonal forecasting time scale,the major influence of equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures from the preceding winter on the June mean rainfall is captured by the model through their influence on the western North Pacific subtropical *** ability to predict the June mean rainfall in the middle and lower Yangtze river basin at a lead time of up to 4 months suggests the potential for providing early information to contingency planners on the availability of water during the summer season.

关键词： forecast skill EASmI monthly mean rainfall East Asian summer monsoon Yangtze river basin

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Lessons from a marine Spatial Planning data management process for Ireland

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第2期14卷 139-157页

作者： Sarah Flynn Will meaney adam m.Leadbetter Jeffrey P.Fisher Caitriona Nic Aonghusa marine Institute RinvilleOranmoreCounty GalwayH91 R673Ireland

This paper presents a framework containing ten components to deliver a data management process for the storage and management of data used for marine Spatial Planning(mSP)in *** work includes a data process flow and a recommended solution *** architecture includes a central data catalogue and a spatial storage *** components of the process are presented to maximise the reuse potential of any dataset within an mSP *** terms‘Suitability’and‘readiness’in the mSP context are offered as both formal and considered assessments of data,as is the applicability of a data stewardship maturity *** data contained in such a storage system can be published externally to potential consumers of these data is also *** process presents a means of managing data and metadata to ensure data lineage is optimised by carrying information about the origin of and the processing applied to the data;to evaluate the quality and relevance of geospatial datasets for use in mSP decisions in *** process was piloted in the National marine Planning Framework for Ireland in the development of draft map products;feedback from the public consultation is ongoing and not presented.

关键词： marine Spatial Planning mSP marine data storage&management data governance reuse&integration

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A bipolar verdazyl radical for a symmetric all-organic redox flow-type battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第7期28卷 52-56页

作者： Grant D.Charlton Stephanie m.Barbon Joe B.Gilroy C.adam Dyker Department of Chemistry University of New BrunswickFredericton E3B 5A3New BrunswickCanada Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced materials and Biomaterials research(CAmBr) The University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 5B7OntarioCanada

A symmetric all-organic non-aqueous redox flow-type battery was investigated employing the neutral small molecule radical 3-phenyl-1,5-di-p-tolylverdazyl,which can be reversibly oxidized and reduced in one-electron processes,as the sole charge storage *** voltammetry of the verdazyl radical in 0.5 m tetrabutylammonium hexa fluoro phosphate(TBAPF6)in acetonitrile revealed redox couples at-0.17 V and-1.15 V ***+/Ag,leading to a theoretical cell voltage of 0.98 *** the dependence of peak currents on the square root of the scan rate,diffusion coefficients on the order of 4 x 10 6 cm2 s-1 were *** performance was assessed in a static cell employing a Tokoyuma AHA anion exchange membrane,with 0.04 m verdazyl as catholyte and anolyte in 0.5 m TBAPF6 in acetonitrile at a current density of 0.12 mA *** coulombic efficiencies were good(94%-97%)throughout the experiment,the capacity faded gradually from high initial values of 93%of the theoretical discharge capacity to 35%by the 50th *** and energy efficiencies were 68%and 65%,*** analysis by cyclic voltammetry revealed that decomposition of the active material with cycling is a leading cause of cell degradation.

关键词： All-organic redox flow battery Energy storage Verdazyl radicals Organic radical Coin cell

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Double gallstone ileus

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第4期7卷 437-439页

作者： Aamir Z Khan Joe Nariculum Stefano m Andreani adam Stacey-Clear Department of Surgery East Surrey Hospital Canada AvenueRedhillSurreyRH1 5RHUK Whipps Cross Hospital LeytonstoneUK

BACKGrOUND:Gallstone ileus remains a rare but important cause of intestinal obstruction. mETHOD:We present a unique case of two gallstones causing intestinal obstruction at the same time. rESULTS:A 90-year-old lady presented with signs and symptoms of small bowel *** operation,two gallstones stuck at different points within the bowel were causing the obstruction and were removed. CONCLUSION:When operating on patients with small bowel obstruction from gallstone ileus,examination of the entire small bowel should be considered mandatory.

关键词： gallstones intestinal obstruction ileus

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Influence of birth order, birth weight, colostrum and serum immunoglobulin G on neonatal piglet survival

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 128-136页

作者： rafael A Cabrera Xi Lin Joy m Campbell adam J moeser Jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University Huvepharma USA Inc. 525 West Park Drive Suite 230 Peachtree City American Protein Corporation Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State University

Background： Intake of colostrum after birth is essential to stimulate intestinal growth and function, and to provide systemic immunological protection via absorption of Immunoglobulin G （IgG）. The birth order and weight of 745 piglets （from 75 litters） were recorded during a one-week period of farrowing. Only pigs weighing greater than 0.68 kg birth weight were chosen for the trial. Sow colostrum was collected during parturition, and piglets were bled between 48 and 72 hours post-birth. Piglet serum IgG and colostral IgG concentrations were determined by radial immunodiffusion. results： Sow parity had a significant （P 〈 0.001） effect on sow colostral IgG concentration, being 5% higher in multiparous females. Sow colostral IgG concentration explained 6% and piglet birth order accounted for another 4% of the variation observed in piglet serum IgG concentration （P 〈 0.05）; however, birth weight had no detectable effect. Piglet serum IgG concentration had both a linear （P 〈 0.05） and quadratic effect （P 〈 0.05） on % survival. Piglets with 1,000 mg/dl serum IgG or less （n=24） had a 67% survival; whereas, piglets with IgG concentrations between 2250 to 2500 mg/dl （n=247） had a 91% survival. Birth order had no detectable effect on survival, but birth weight had a positive linear effect （P 〈 0.05）. Piglets weighing 0.9 kg （n = 107） at birth had a 68% survival rate, and those weighing 1.6 kg （n = 158） had an 89% survival. Conclusion： We found that the combination of sow colostrum IgG concentration and birth order can account for 10% of the variation of piglet serum IgG concentration and that piglets with less than 1,000 mg/dl IgG serum concentration and weight of 0.9 kg at birth had low survival rate when compared to their larger siblings. The effective management of colostrum uptake in neonatal piglets in the first 24 hrs post-birth may potentially improve survival from birth to weaning.

关键词： Birth order Birth weight Immunoglobulin G Colostrum Survivability

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