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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第1期8卷 90-94页

作者： Sang Seok yeo Sung Ho Jang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of Medicine Yeungnam University

The aberrant pyramidal tract is the collateral pathway of the pyramidal tract through the medial lemniscus in the brainstem. A 21-year-old man presented with right hemiparesis due to a traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in the left corona radiata. His motor function recovered almost to the normal state at 10 months after onset. Through diffusion tensor tractography, the pyramidal tract in the affected （left） hemisphere showed discontinuation at the pontine level at 13 months after onset. An aberrant pyramidal tract was observed, which originated from the primary motor cortex and the supplementary motor area and descended through the corona radiata, then through the posterior limb of the internal capsule and the medial lemniscus pathway from the midbrain to the pons, finally entered into the pyramidal tract area at the pontomedullary junction, it suggests that the motor functions of the right extremities in this patient had recovered by this aberrant pyramidal tract.

关键词： neural regeneration neuroimaging diffusion tensor imaging diffusion tensor tractography transcranial magnetic stimulation pyramidal tract aberrant pyramidal tract motor paralysis motorrecovery traumatic brain injury head trauma intracerebral hemorrhage grant-supported paper photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration

Corticospinal tract recovery in a patient with traumatic transtentorial herniation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第5期8卷 469-473页

作者： Sang Seok yeo Sung Ho Jang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of Medicine Yeungnam University

Transtentorial herniation is one of the causes of motor weakness in traumatic brain injury. In this study, we report on a patient who underwent decompressive craniectomy due to traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain CT images taken after surgery showed intracerebral hemorrhage in the left fronto-temporal lobe and left transtentorial herniation. The patient presented with severe paralysis of the right extremities at the time of intracerebral hemorrhage onset, but the limb motor function recovered partially at 6 months after onset and to nearly normal level at 27 months. Through diffusion tensor tractography, the left corticospinal tract was disrupted below the cerebral peduncle at 1 month after onset and the disrupted left corticospinal tract was reconstructed at 27 months. These findings suggest that recovery of limb motor function in a patient with traumatic transtentorial herniation can come to be true by recovery of corticospinal tract.

关键词： neural regeneration neuroimaging diffusion tensor imaging diffusion tensor tractography ttanscranial magnetic stimulation traumatic brain injury intracerebral hemorrhage transtentorfa herniation corticospinal tract motor paralysis neuroimaing grants-supported paper photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration

Motor recovery via aberrant pyramidal tract in a patient with a cerebral peduncle infarct

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第13期6卷 1023-1026页

作者： Sang Seok yeo Sung Ho Jang Department of Rehabilitation Science Graduate SchoolDaegu UniversityDaegu 705-714Republic of Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717Republic of Korea

The presence of the aberrant pyramidal tract has been demonstrated by several studies; however, little is known about its role in motor recovery in stroke patients. In the present study, we reported a 69-year-old right-handed female patient with an infarct in the mid to lateral portion of the left cerebra peduncle, who showed an aberrant pyramidal tract by diffusion tensor tractography. The patient presented with severe weakness of the right extremities at stroke onset. The patient showed progressive motor recovery as much as being able to extend the affected extremities against some resistance at 6 months after onset. At 20 months after stroke onset, motor function of the left extremities had recovered to a nearly normal state. Diffusion tensor tractography results showed that the PT was disrupted at the lower midbrain of the affected （left） hemisphere at 3 weeks after stroke onset and this disruption was not changed at 20 months. An aberrant pyramidal tract in the left hemisphere was also observed, which originated from the primary motor cortex and descended through the corona radiata, posterior limb of the internal capsule, thalamus, the medial lemniscus pathway from the midbrain to the pons, and then entered into the pyramidal tract area at the pontomedullary junction. Transcranial magnetic stimulation did not elicit motor evoked potential from the affected hand muscle at 3 weeks, but it elicited motor evoked potential with mildly delayed latency and low amplitude in the affected hand muscle at 20 months. The main motor functions of the affected extremities in this patient appeared to be recovered via this aberrant pyramidal tract.

关键词： diffusion tensor imaging aberrant pyramidal tract hemiparesis motor recovery cerebral infarct, cerebral peduncle

Reorganization of corticospinal tract in a patient with posterior limb infarct of the internal capsule

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第4期6卷 313-316页

作者： Sang Seok yeo Sung Ho Jang Department of Rehabilitation Science Graduate SchoolDaegu UniversityDaegu 705-717Republic of Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717Republic of Korea

Several diffusion tensor-imaging studies have demonstrated motor recovery mechanisms in stroke patients with subcortical infarct, including the corona radiata, pons, and medulla. However, studies of motor recovery mechanisms have not been reported in patients with posterior limb infarcts of the intemal capsule. The present study reports on a 77-year-old man with complete paralysis of the left extremities at stroke onset. At 6 months after onset, motor function of the left extremities recovered to a nearly normal state. The 3-week diffusion tensor tractography of the affected （right） hemisphere showed that corticospinal tract discontinued below the posterior limb. In contrast, 6-month diffusion tensor tractography revealed that the right corticospinal tract originated from the precentral gyrus and descended along the anterior area of the infarcted posterior limb. Motor function of the affected extremities was reorganized into the anterior area of the posterior limb infarct.

关键词： diffusion tensor imaging functional MRI corticospinal tract cerebral infarct posterior limb of the internal capsule

Halton-type sequences from global function fields

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Science China Mathematics 2013年第7期56卷 1467-1476页

作者： NIED ERREITER Harald yeo Anderson SiangJing Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics Austrian Academy of Sciences Department of Mathematics University of Salzburg School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University

For any prime power q and any dimension s≥1, a new construction of (t, s)-sequences in base q using global function fields is presented. The construction yields an analog of Halton sequences for global function fields. It is the first general construction of (t, s)-sequences that is not directly based on the digital method. The construction can also be put into the framework of the theory of (u, e, s)-sequences that was recently introduced by Tezuka and leads in this way to better discrepancy bounds for the constructed sequences.

关键词： low-discrepancy sequence (t s)-sequence Halton sequence global function field

Central post-stroke pain due to injury of the spinothalamic tract in patients with cerebral infarction： a diffusion tensor tractography imaging study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第12期12卷 2021-2024页

作者： Sung Ho Jang Jun Lee Sang Seok yeo Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of Medicine Yeungnam University Namku Daegu Republic of Korea Department of Neurology College of Medicine Yeungnam University Namku Daegu Republic of Korea Department of Physical Therapy College of Health Sciences Dankook University Chungnam Republic of Korea

Many studies using diffusion tensor tractography（DTT） have demonstrated that injury of the spinothalamic tract（STT） is the pathogenetic mechanism of central post-stroke pain（CPSP） in intracerebral hemorrhage; however, there is no DTT study reporting the pathogenetic mechanism of CPSP in cerebral infarction. In this study, we investigated injury of the STT in patients with CPSP following cerebral infarction, using DTT. Five patients with CPSP following cerebral infarction and eight age-and sex-matched healthy control subjects were recruited for this study. STT was examined using DTT. Among DTT parameters of the affected STT, fractional anisotropy and tract volume were decreased by more than two standard deviations in two patients（patients 1 and 2） and three patients（patients 3, 4, and 5）, respectively, compared with those of the control subjects, while mean diffusivity value was increased by more than two standard deviations in one patient（patient 2）. Regarding DTT configuration, all affected STTs passed through adjacent part of the infarct and three STTs showed narrowing. These findings suggest that injury of the STT might be a pathogenetic etiology of CPSP in patients with cerebral infarction.

关键词： nerve regeneration central post-stroke pain cerebral infarction spinothalamic tract diffusion tensorimaging neural regeneration

Central bank digital currency,loan supply,and bank failure risk:a microeconomic approach

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Financial Innovation 2021年第1期7卷 1945-1966页

作者： Jooyong Jun Eunjung yeo Department of Economics Dongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Korea School of Business Administration College of Business and EconomicsChung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Korea

Central bank digital currencies(CBDCs),which are legal tenders in digital form,are expected to reduce currency issuance and circulation costs and broaden the scope of monetary *** addition,these currencies may also reduce consumers’need for conventional demand deposits,which,in turn,increases banks’loan provision costs because deposits require higher rates of *** use a microeconomic banking model to investigate the effects of introducing an economy-wide,account-type CBDC on a bank’s loan supply and its failure *** that a CBDC is expected to lower the cost of liquidity circulation and become a strong substitute for demand deposits,both the loan supply and the bank failure risk *** increases are countered by subsequent increases in the rates of return on term deposits and loans,which,in turn,reduce the loan supply and thus bank failure *** offsetting forces lead to no significant change in banking,as long as the rate of return on loans is below a certain ***,once the rate is above the threshold,bank failure risk increases,thereby undermining banking *** problem is more pronounced when the degree of pass-through of funding costs to the loan rate is high and the profitability of a successful project is *** results imply that central banks wishing to introduce an economy-wide,account-type CBDC should first monitor yields on bank loans and consider policy measures that induce banks to maintain adequate liquidity reserve levels.

关键词： Central bank digital currency Bank failure risk Loan supply

Value of quality of life analysis in liver cancer: A clinician's perspective

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第20期9卷 867-883页

作者： Leung Li Winnie yeo Department of Clinical Oncology Prince of Wales HospitalFaculty of Medicinethe Chinese University of Hong KongChina

Health related quality of life(HRQOL) is increasingly recognized as an important clinical parameter and research endpoint in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). HRQOL in HCC patients is multifaceted and affected by medical factor which encompasses HCC and its complications, oncological and palliative treatment for HCC, underlying liver disease, as well as the psychological, social or spiritual reaction to the disease. Many patients presented late with advanced disease and limited survival, plagued with multiple symptoms, rendering QOL a very important aspect in their general well being. Various instruments have been developed and validated to measure and report HRQOL in HCC patients, these included general HRQOL instruments, e.g., Short form(SF)-36, SF-12, Euro Qo L-5D, World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment 100(WHOQOL-100), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment abbreviated version; general cancer HRQOL instruments, e.g., the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC) QLQ-C30, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy(FACT)-General, Spitzer Quality of Life Index; and liver-cancer specific HRQOL instruments, e.g., EORTC QLQ-HCC18, FACT-Hepatobiliary(FACT-Hep), FACT-Hep Symptom Index, Trial Outcome Index. Important utilization of HRQOL in HCC patients included description of symptomatology and HRQOL of patients, treatment endpoint in clinical trial, prognostication of survival, benchmarking of palliative care service and health care valuation. In this review, difficulties regarding the use of HRQOL data in research and clinical practice, including choosing a suitable instrument, problems of missing data, data interpretation, analysis and presentation are examined. Potential solutions are also discussed.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Health related quality of life Palliative care Prognosis Survival The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 QLQ-HCC18 Index score Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy EQ-5D Spitzer Short form 36 FHSI-8 World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment

Apocrine hidrocystoma of the conjunctiva

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第2期5卷 247-248页

作者： Boyun Kim Nam yeo Kang Department of Ophthalmology Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon Kyunggi-do 420-717 Korea

Dear Sir, I am Dr. Boyun Kim, form the Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, Bucheon, Korea. I write to present a case report of apocrine hidrocystoma on temporal bulbar conjunctiva. Apocrine hidrocystoma (AH) is a benign cutaneous cystic nodule arising from apocrine glands of Moll [1]. This lesion usually occurs on eyelids and canthus [1,2], ears, chest, shoulders in adults but its occurrence in conjunctiva [3] is

关键词： Figure Apocrine hidrocystoma of the conjunctiva

Management of parastomal ulcers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3133-3137页

作者： Heather yeo Farshad Abir Walter E Longo Department of Surgery Yale University School of Medicine United States

Management of surgically placed ostomies is an important aspect of any general surgical or colon and rectal surgery practice. Complications with surgically placed ostomies are common and their causes are multifactorial. Parastomal ulceration, although rare, is a particularly difficult management problem. We conducted a literature search using MD Consult, Science Direct, OVID, Medline, and Cochrane Databases to review the causes and management options of parastomal ulceration. Both the etiology and treatments are varied. Different physicians and ostomy specialists have used a large array of methods to manage parastomal ulcers; these including local wound care; steroid creams; systemic steroids; and, when conservative measures fail, surgery. Most patients with parastomal ulcers who do not have associated IBD or peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum （PPG） often respond quickly to local wound care and conservative management. Patients with PPG, IBD, or other systemic causes of their ulceration need both systemic and local care and are more likely to need long term treatment and possibly surgical revision of the ostomy. The treatment is complicated, but improved with the help of ostomy specialists.

关键词： Parastomal ulcers Peristomal ulcers Ostomies Complications