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A modular microfluidic platform to study how fluid shear stress alters estrogen receptor phenotype in ER+breast cancer cells

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 287-299页

作者： Braulio Andrés Ortega Quesada Jonathan Cuccia Rachael Coates Blake Nassar Ethan Littlefield Elizabeth C.Martin adam T.Melvin Cain Department of Chemical Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA Biological and Agricultural Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department Medicine Section Hematology and Medical OncologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70118USA

Metastatic breast cancer leads to poor prognoses and worse outcomes in patients due to its invasive behavior and poor response to *** is still unclear what biophysical and biochemical factors drive this more aggressive phenotype in metastatic cancer;however recent studies have suggested that exposure to fluid shear stress in the vasculature could cause *** this study a modular microfluidic platform capable of mimicking the magnitude of fluid shear stress(FSS)found in human vasculature was designed and *** device provides a platform to evaluate the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cell line,an estrogen receptor positive(ER+)breast cancer cell line,during circulation in the *** of the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cells was carried out utilizing two approaches:single cell analysis and bulk *** single cell analysis,cells were trapped in a microarray after exiting the serpentine channel and followed by immunostaining on the device(on-chip).Bulk analysis was performed after cells were collected in a microtube at the outlet of the microfluidic serpentine channel for western blotting(off-chip).It was found that cells exposed to an FSS magnitude of 10 dyn/cm^(2) with a residence time of 60 s enhanced expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 in the MCF-7 cell line at a single cell *** understand possible mechanisms for enhanced Ki67 expression,on-chip and off-chip analyses were performed for pro-growth and survival pathways ERK,AKT,and JAK/*** demonstrated that after shearing the cells phosphorylation of p-AKT,p-mTOR,and p-STAT3 were ***,there was no change in p-ERK1/*** is a mediator of ER rapid signaling,analysis of phosphorylated ERαwas carried out and no significant differences between sheared and non-sheared populations were *** together these results demonstrate that FSS can increase phosphorylation of proteins associated with a more aggressive phenotype in circulating cancer *** findin

关键词： fluid breast estrogen

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Kaapvaal lamproite melts(aka orangeites):A new type of alkalicarbonate liquid?insights from olivine-hosted multiphase inclusions(Silvery Home,South Africa)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 308-322页

作者： adam Abersteiner Alexey Tarasov Alexander Golovin Geoffrey H.Howarth Vadim S.Kamenetsky Department of Geosciences and Geography Research Programme of Geology and Geophysics(GeoHel)University of HelsinkiFinland Institute for Sustainability Energy and ResourcesThe University of AdelaideAdelaide SA-5005Australia Department of Earth Sciences School of Physical SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaide SA-5005Australia V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch Russian Academy of SciencesRussia Department of Geological Sciences University of Cape TownRondebosch 7701South Africa Center of Deep Sea Research Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences266071 QingdaoChina

Kaapvaal lamproites(aka orangeites)are a group of volatile-rich(H_(2)O,CO_(2)),micaceous,ultrapotassic igneous rocks that are unique to the Kaapvaal craton in southern ***,the composition of the melts that give rise to these rocks remains poorly understood due to overprinting effects of contamination by mantle and crustal material,volatile exsolution,fractional crystallisation and post-magmatic ***,this lack of reliable data on the initial composition of the Kaapvaal lamproite melts hampers our understanding of their source,petrogenesis and ascent *** is a common mineral comprising the Kaapvaal lamproites that has both xenocrystic(i.e.,mantle)and magmatic *** inclusions(melt/fluid)entrapped within olivine have been consistently demonstrated as an effective tool for gaining fundamental insights into the composition and evolution of melts that produce both kimberlites and lamproites,prior to processes,such as eruption,devolatization and syn-/post-magmatic *** this study,multiphase inclusions of both secondary and pseudosecondary origin hosted in olivine from a Kaapvaal lamproite(Silvery Home,South Africa)provide novel insights into the composition of the melt(s)that initially transported olivine to the surface and then crystallised after emplacement to form the lamproite *** inclusions in our study contain daughter mineral assemblages consisting of diverse Ca-Mg carbonates,including K-,Na-,Ba-,and Sr-bearing varieties,moderate K-rich silicates(phlogopite,tetraferriphlogopite),and subordinate oxides,phosphates,sulphides,sulphates,and *** on these daughter mineral assemblages,we suggest that the composition of the melt entrapped by olivine was SiO_(2)-poor,Ca-Mg carbonate-rich and contained elevated concentrations of K,Na,Ba,Sr,P and *** mineral and reconstructed melt compositions are in stark contrast to the mineral association of the groundmass and the bulk-rock composition

关键词： Lamproite Kaapvaal Multiphase inclusions Olivine Orangeite

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Exploring the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on predator inspection activity in Trinidadian guppies

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 109-111页

作者： Alix J.P Brusseau Laurence E.A.Feyten adam L.Crane Grant E.Brown Department of Biology Concordia UniversityMontrealQCH4B 1R6Canada Department of Biomedical Sciences WCVMUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Prey animals are often faced with uncertainty due to having imperfect information regarding current local conditions,including predation risks and the availability of reliable foraging opportunities(Dall 2010).As this uncertainty increases,the probability of making costly behavioral errors also increases,leading to more risk averse behavioral tactics(Feyten et al.2019).For example,Trinidadian guppies Poecilia reticulata are far more risk averse when faced with multiple unknown sources of risk assessment information than when faced with a mix of known and unknown cues(Feyten et al.2019).Prey can reduce uncertainty by gathering and integrating private and social information regarding current risk levels within microhabitats(Dall 2010;Munoz and Blumstein 2012).

关键词： human disturbance information availability information reliability predator-prey interactions risk assessment uncertainty

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Serum ferritin and the risk of early-onset colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第8期16卷 3496-3506页

作者： adam L Urback Kylee Martens Hannah Stowe McMurry Emerson Y Chen Caitlin Citti Anil Sharma Adel Kardosh Joseph J Shatzel Division of Internal Medicine Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States

BACKGROUND The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer(EO-CRC)is rising in the United States,and is often diagnosed at advanced *** serum ferritin is often incidentally discovered in young adults,however,the indication for endoscopy in EO-CRC is *** To compare serum ferritin between patients with EO-CRC and healthy controls(HCs),and examine the association of serum ferritin in EO-CRC with patient-and disease-specific *** A retrospective study of patients<50 years with newly-diagnosed EO-CRC was conducted from 1/2013-12/*** were included if serum ferritin was measured within 2 years prior to 1 year following CRC histologic *** supplement the analysis,a cohort of HCs meeting similar inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified for comparison.A sensitivity analysis including only patients with serum ferritin obtained at or before diagnosis was separately performed to minimize risk of *** Among 85 patients identified with EO-CRC(48 females),the median serum ferritin level was 26 ng/mL(range<1-2759 ng/mL).Compared to HCs(n=80211),there were a higher proportion of individuals with EO-CRC with serum ferritin<20 ng/mL(female 65%,male 40%)versus HCs(female 32.1%,male 7.2%)age 29-39 years(P=0.002 and P<0.00001,respectively).Stage IV disease was associated with significantly higher serum ferritin compared to less advanced stages(P<0.001).Serum ferritin obtained before or at the time of diagnosis was lower than levels obtained after *** findings were confirmed in the sensitivity *** Severe iron deficiency may indicate an increased risk of EO-CRC,particularly at earlier *** studies defining the optimal serum ferritin threshold and routine incorporation of serum ferritin in screening algorithms is essential to develop more effective screening strategies for EO-CRC.

关键词： Early-onset Young-onset Colorectal cancer Age Ferritin Iron deficiency

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Homologous heterostructure of MoS_(2) and MoO_(2) coupled with carbon layers as cathode catalyst for rechargeable lithium-oxygen batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3383-3390页

作者： Yi-Ming Zhang Zhao-Rui Zhou Lan-Ling Zhao Ye-Bing Li Rui-Feng Li Ya Zhou Sana Shoukat Abulgasim-Ahmed-Abbaker adam Jun Wang Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University Shenzhen 518063China School of Physics Shandong UniversityShenzhen 518063China

Lithium-oxygen batteries tend to experience high overpotentials because of the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction during cycling.A potential solution to address this issue is to develop a... 详细信息

关键词： lithium process. kinetics

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Degradation and resynthesis of chlorophyll during increased oxidative stress and prolonged darkness differ between annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 121-130页

作者： Kenyon J. Nisbett Abida Alokozai Su Hyun Elizabeth Ko G. adam Mott Jason C.L. Browna Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada Department of Cell&Systems Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution&Function University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Among plants,there is considerable variation in lifespan:annuals live less than one year,whereas perennials live for several years,with the longest-living perennial having survived 43,600 *** proposed by the Disposable Soma Theory,this lifespan variation among plants likely reflects differential investment of limited energy and nutrient resources,with perennials investing more energy and nutrients into biomolecular maintenance compared to annuals in order to ensure persistence over multiple *** differential investment may be particularly important during periods of exogenous stress,which are known to accelerate biomolecular *** present study evaluated this hypothesis using annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)subjected to two exogenous stressors—increased oxidative stress(i.e.,foliar H2O2spraying)and complete prolonged *** chlorophyll has been shown to exhibit degradation in response to changes in environmental conditions,we utilized changes in chlorophyll levels during and after periods of exogenous stress to evaluate our *** predicted that i)perennials would exhibit a slower rate of chlorophyll degradation during exposure to exogenous stressors compared to annuals,and ii)perennials would exhibit a faster rate of chlorophyll resynthesis following such exposure compared to *** levels before,during,and after exposure to both exogenous stressors were measured in two separate trails,once using image colour analysis and once using *** chlorophyll degradation rates in response to oxidative stress did not differ between annuals and perennials,contrary to our predictions,chlorophyll resynthesis rates following such exposure were significantly higher in perennials,as *** plants were subjected to complete prolonged darkness,chlorophyll degradation rates were significantly lower in perennials than annuals,as predicted;however,when plants were subsequently reintroduced to natural photoperiod,ch

关键词： Ageing Life history Maximum lifespan Oxidative stress Somatic maintenance

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Evaluation of flue gas desulfurization gypsum as a low-cost precipitant for phosphorus removal from anaerobic digestion effluent filtrate

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 198-206页

作者： Yaping Guo adam Khalaf Wenzhuo Kong Hongzhen Ma Jiawei Liang Dongxu Zhao Zhiguo Wang Yebo Li Fuqing Xu Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering and Human Settlements Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co.Ltd and Xi’an Jiaotong UniversitySchool of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Food Agriculturaland Biological Engineeringthe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 44691USA Shaanxi Environmental Survey and Assessment Center Xi’an 710054China

Land application of anaerobic digestion(AD)effluent as a fertilizer is desirable for nutrient recycling,but often supplies excess phosphorus(P),which contributes to surface water *** the P content in AD effluent filtrate using calcium(Ca)treatment prior to land application is a potential strategy for improving effluent disposal and meeting the discharge *** study took flue gas desulphurization(FGD)gypsum,a by-product of coal-fired power plants,as a low-cost Ca source,and combined with traditional phosphorus removal agents to achieve high phosphorus removal efficiency with less chemical *** the results showed,FGD gypsum dosages of 20 mmol/L Ca(3.44 g/L)and 40 mmol/L Ca(6.89 g/L)removed up to 97.1%of soluble P(initially 102.8 mg/L)within 60-90 *** FGD gypsum treatment with traditional chemical treatments using calcium hydroxide[Ca(OH)2]or ferric chloride(FeCl3)could achieve>99%P removal with reduced chemical *** study demonstrated that FGD gypsum is an efficient calcium-based precipitant for phosphorus removal,offering a cost-effective and sustainable approach to enhance wastewater treatment practices and meet discharge standards in wastewater management.

关键词： flue gas desulfurization gypsum anaerobic digestion effluent precipitation phosphorus removal eutrophication

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The Current Conservation Efforts and Future Prospects for the Endangered Nubian Ibex (Capra nubiana ibex) in Sudan

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第1期15卷 39-62页

作者： Lubna Mohammed Abdallah Hassan Mutasim Essa Abdallah adam Latifa Altigani adam Abakar Nasir Yousif Gaboush Brema Wildlife Research Center Animal Resource Research Corporation Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries Bahri Sudan Sudanese Wildlife Society Bahri Khartoum Sudan Department of Wildlife—Central Darfur State Faculty of Forestry Sciences University of Zalingei Zalingei Sudan

A comprehensive action plan for the conservation of the endangered species, the Nubian ibex in Sudan, can be developed by gaining a thorough understanding of their current status, conservation strategy, and relevant laws and regulations, as well as raising awareness about the importance of protecting endangered species. The Nubian ibex is listed as an endangered species on The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, highlighting the need for further research on population conservation efforts due to insufficient population data. To address this knowledge gap, a questionnaire was conducted with various stakeholders, including police officers, researchers, and lecturers, representing a diverse range of organizations and universities. The findings revealed that hunting is the primary factor contributing to endangerment. Mammals account for 80% of endangered species, while reptiles comprise less than one-tenth. Research centers are recognized as the main governing body, and 85% of participants are concerned about the declining population. Hunting accounted for less than half of the threats to the ibex population in Sudan, while habitat loss made up a quarter. Mining, climate change, human activity, and agriculture were also identified as risks. However, there were no plans, strategies, procedures, or measures in place to conserve the Nubian ibex. There were also no initiatives to preserve its biodiversity, and awareness about endangered species was lacking. Although participants believed that laws were effective in protecting the ibex, no licenses were issued for its conservation, and annual surveys were not conducted. Additionally, there were no recorded instances of Mukhalfat related to the Nubian ibex. In light of these findings, we propose various conservation measures to address these challenges. These measures include the implementation of laws and regulations, conducting annual surveys to monitor population trends, protecting habitats, est

关键词： Nubian Ibex Sudan Endangered Species Conservation Status Law Regulations Awareness

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Multinuclear MR and MRI study of lithium-ion cells using a variable field magnet and a fixed frequency RF probe

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 10-20页

作者： Andrés Ramírez Aguilera Florin Marica Kevin J.Sanders Md Al Raihan C.adam Dyker Gillian R.Goward Bruce *** UNB MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Department of Chemistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

An exploratory multinuclear magnetic resonance(MR)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)study was performed on lithium-ion battery cells with ^(7)Li,^(19)F,and ^(1)H measurements.A variable field superconducting magnet with a fixed frequency parallel-plate radiofrequency(RF)probe was employed in the *** magnetic field was changed to set the resonance frequency of each nucleus to the fixed RF probe frequency of 33.7 *** cartridge-like lithium-ion cells,with graphite anodes and LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2)(NMC)cathodes,were *** cell was pristine,and one was charged to a cell voltage of 4.2 *** results presented demonstrate the great potential of the variable field magnet approach in multinuclear measurement of lithium-ion *** methods open the door for developing faster and simpler methods for detecting,quantifying,and interpreting MR and MRI data from lithium-ion and other batteries.

关键词： Multinuclear MR/MRI Variable field magnet Lithium-ion battery Parallel-plate rf probe

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Coping Strategies and Depression among Male Inmates of a Nigerian Correctional Facility:A Cross-sectional Study

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第2期10卷 92-98页

作者： Alexander adam Audu Chidi John Okafor Owoidoho Udofia Emmanuel Aniekan Essien Bassey Eyo Edet Emmanuel Omamurhomu Olose Department of Clinical Services Federal Neuropsychiatric HospitalCalabarNigeria Department of Psychiatry University of Calabar Teaching HospitalCalabarNigeria

Background:Researchers have consistently found higher rates of mental illnesses,especially depression,in prison populations compared to the general *** though specific coping strategies have been implicated as a factor influencing the mental well-being of inmates,little is known about this interplay in resource-poor *** study aimed to investigate the relationship between coping strategies and depression among inmates of a prison in *** and Methods:This was a two-stage cross-sectional study involving 269 inmates of Calabar Prison,*** were administered a sociodemographic questionnaire,the Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form,and the General Health Questionnaire-12(GHQ-12).Respondents who scored≥3 on the GHQ-12 together with 10%of low scorers proceeded to the second stage for an interview using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric ***:The prevalence of depression among study participants was 30.5%.Emotion-focused disengagement coping strategies(odds ratio[OR]:1.12,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.05-1.20)and a history of mental illness before imprisonment(OR:3.4,95%CI:1.34-8.57)significantly predicted depression,whereas problem-focused engagement was protective(OR:1.92,95%CI:0.86-0.98).Conclusion:Compared to the general population,depression is more common among prison inmates and is associated with using specific coping *** strategies deserve increasing consideration when planning mental health intervention programs for this population.

关键词： Coping strategies depression inmates mental illness prison

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