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Effect of nutritional counselling on hepatic,muscle and adipose tissue fat content and distribution in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第36期12卷 5813-5819页

作者： E Louise Thomas Audrey E Brynes Gavin Hamilton Nayna Patel adam spong Robert D Goldin Gary Frost Jimmy D Bell Simon D Taylor-Robinson The Robert Steiner MR Unit MRC Clinical Sciences Centre Department of Nutrition and Dietetics The Robert Steiner MR Unit MRC Clinical Sciences Centre Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Rd London W12 0HS United Kingdom and Histopathology Department Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London St Mary's Hospital Praed Street London W2 1NY United Kingdom Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London St Mary's Hospital Praed Street London W2 1NY United Kingdom

AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the current UK clinical practice in reducing hepatic fat (IHCL). METHODS: Whole body MRI and 1H MRS were obtained, before and after 6 mo nutritional counselling, from liver, soleus and tibialis muscles in 10 subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RESULTS: A 500 Kcal-restricted diet resulted in an average weight loss of 4% (-3.4 kg,) accompanied by significant reductions in most adipose tissue (AT) depots, including subcutaneous (-9.9%), abdominal subcutaneous (-10.2%) and intra-abdominal-AT (-11.4%). Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) were significantly reduced in the tibialis muscle (-28.2%). Decreases in both IHCL (-39.9%) and soleus IMCL (-12.2%) content were also observed, although these were not significant. Several individuals showed dramatic decreases in IHCL, while others paradoxically showed increases in IHCL content. Changes in body composition were accompanied by improvements in certain liver function tests: serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Significant correlations were found between decreases in IHCL and reductions in both intra-abdominal and abdominal subcutaneous AT. Improvements in liver function tests were associated with reductions in intra-abdominal AT, but not with changes in IHCL. CONCLUSION: This study shows that even a very modest reduction in body weight achieved through lifestyle modification can result in changes in body fat depots and improvements in LFTs.

关键词：营养咨询肝疾病肌肉疾病脂肪分布

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Cooperative visibility maintenance in SE（3） for multi-robot-networks with limited field-of-view sensors

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Control Theory and Technology 2017年第4期15卷 246-257页

作者： Hasan A. Poonawala Mark W. spong Institute for Computational Engineering & Sciences University of Texas Austin U.S.A. Erik Jonsson School of Engineering & Computer Science University of Texas at Dallas Richardson U.S.A.

Coordination of motion between multiple robots requires the robots to sense their relative poses. Common sensors depend on maintaining a line-of-sight between the sensor and the object being sensed. When the robots move relative to one another, they must coordinate their motions to ensure that these lines-of-sight are preserved. We propose a control method to preserve desired lines-of-sight in a multi-robot system where each robot has configuration space SE（3）. A key feature of the control method is its ability to reject persistent bounded disturbances, enabling its use alongside additional control tasks. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the edge-preserving control in simulations involving additional input velocities that tend to break the edges.

关键词： Multi-robot coordination decentralized control graph theoretic control

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预防性羊膜腔灌注与羊水粪染

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实用妇产科杂志 1995年第3期 174-175页

作者： spong CY

分娩时,羊水粪染的发生率为8～16%,其最严重的并发症为胎粪吸入综合征,一旦发生将严重影响新生儿健康。有报道认为羊水粪染时羊膜腔灌注可通过稀释作用降低胎粪吸入综合征发生率和减少稠厚胎粪的毒性作用,但这一结论仍有争议。本文将羊... 详细信息

分娩时,羊水粪染的发生率为8～16%,其最严重的并发症为胎粪吸入综合征,一旦发生将严重影响新生儿健康。有报道认为羊水粪染时羊膜腔灌注可通过稀释作用降低胎粪吸入综合征发生率和减少稠厚胎粪的毒性作用,但这一结论仍有争议。本文将羊水粪染患者前瞻性随机分为羊膜腔灌注组和常规监护组,以探讨羊膜腔灌注的价值。

关键词：州泰

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The Passivity Paradigm in Robot Control

The Passivity Paradigm in Robot Control

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第二十三届中国控制会议

作者： Mark W.spong Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801USA

＜正＞ The Passivity Paradigm has contributed important insights into our understanding of the dynamics and control of robots, tcleopcrators, and other mechanical systems. In this paper we discuss some uses of passivity-based control to networked control systems and hybrid nonlinear control with applications to master/slave teleoperation over the Internet and bipedal locomotion.

关键词： passivity teleoperation networked control bipedal locomotion

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Magnetic Configuration Effects on Fast Ion Losses Induced by Fast Ion Driven Toroidal Alfvén Eigenmodes in the Large Helical Device

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Plasma Science and Technology 2012年第4期14卷 269-272页

作者： K.OGAWA M.ISOBE K.TOI F.WATANABE D.A.spong A.SHIMIZU M.OSAKABE D.S.DARROW S.OHDACHI S.SAKAKIBARA LHD Experiment Group Department of Energy Science and Engineering Nagoya University National Institute for Fusion Science Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton University

Beam-ion losses induced by fast-ion-driven toroidal Alfven eigenmodes （TAE） were measured with a scintillator-based lost fast-ion probe （SLIP） in the large helical device （LHD）. The SLIP gave simultaneously the energy E and the pitch angle X=arccos（v///v） distribution of the lost fast ions. The loss fluxes were investigated for three typical magnetic configurations of Rax-vac=3.60 m, 3.75 m. and 3.90 m, where Rax-vac is the magnetic axis position of the vacuum field. Dominant losses induced by TAEs in these three configurations were observed in the E/X regions of 50-190 keV/40°, 40-170 keV/25°, and 30-190 keV/30°, respectively. Lost-ion fluxes induced by TAEs depend clearly on the amplitude of TAE magnetic fluctuations, Rax-vac and the toroidal field strength Bt. The increment of the loss fluxes has the dependence of （bTAE/Bt）s. The power s increases from s = 1 to 3 with the increase of the magnetic axis position in finite beta plasmas.

关键词： toroidal Alfven eigenmode fast ion loss the large helical device

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前次分娩孕周对孕酮预防复发性早产的影响

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第1期2卷 21-22页

作者： spong C.Y. Meis P.J. Thom E.A. 高雪莲 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Bethesda MD United StatesDr.

Preterm birth occurs in 1 of 8 pregnancies and may result in significant morbidity and mortality. 17- alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17- OHP caproate) has been found to be efficacious in reducing the risk of subsequent preterm delivery in women who have had a previous spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). This analysis was undertaken to evaluate if 17- OHP caproate therapy works preferentially depending on the gestational age at previous spontaneous delivery. We hypothesized that treatment with 17- OHP caproate is more effective in prolonging pregnancy depending on the gestational age of the earliest previous preterm birth (20- 27.9, 28- 33.9 vs 34- 36.9 weeks). Study design: This was a secondary analysis of 459 women with a previous sPTB enrolled in a randomized controlled trial evaluating 17- OHP caproate versus placebo. Effectiveness of 17- OHP caproate for pregnancy prolongation was evaluated based on gestational age at earliest previous delivery according to clinically relevant groupings (20- 27.9, 28- 33.9, and 34- 36.9 weeks). Statistical analysis included the chi-square, Fisher exact, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, logistic regression, and survival analysis using proportional hazards. Results: Gestational age at earliest previous delivery was similar between women treated with 17- OHP caproate or placebo (P = .1). Women with earliest delivery at 20 to 27.9 weeks and at 28 to 33.9 weeks delivered at significantly more advanced gestational age if treated with 17- OHP caproate than with placebo (median 37.3 vs 35.4 weeks, P = .046 and 38.0 vs 36.7 weeks, P = .004, respectively) and were less likely to deliver < 37 weeks (42% vs 63% , P = .026 and 34% vs 56% , P = .005, respectively). Those with earliest delivery at 34 to 36.9 weeks were not significantly different between 17- OHP caproate or control. Conclusion: 17- OHP caproate therapy given to prevent recurrent PTB is associated with a prolongation of pregnancy overall, and especially for women with a previous sp

关键词：分娩孕周自然早产 Kruskal-Wallis检验复发性羟孕酮 logistic回归安慰剂治疗预防随机对照试验 Fisher

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机器人建模和控制

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作者： (美)马克 W. 斯庞(Mark W. spong) (美)赛斯·哈钦森(Seth Hutchinson) (美)M. 维德雅萨加(M. Vidyasagar)

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剖宫产手术麻醉并发症

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 59-59页

作者： Bloom S.L. spong C.Y. Weiner S.J. 杨晓梅 Department of Obstetrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Mines Boulevard Dallas TX 75390-9032 United States Dr.

Objective: To quantify anesthesia-related complications associated with cesarean delivery in a well-described, prospectively ascertained cohort from multiple university-based hospitals in the United States and to evaluate whether certain factors would identify women at increased risk for a failed regional anesthetic. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted of women (n = 37,142) with singleton gestations undergoing cesarean delivery in the centers forming the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Detailed information was collected regarding choice of anesthesia and procedure-related complications, including failed regional anesthetic and maternal death. Potential risk factors for a failed regional anesthetic were analyzed. Results: Of the women studied, 34,615 (93% ) received a regional anesthetic. Few (3.0% ) regional procedures failed, and related maternal morbidity was rare. Increased maternal size, higher preoperative risk, rapid decision-to-incision interval, and placement later in labor were all significantly related to an increased risk of a failed regional procedure. Of the general anesthetics, 38% were administered when the decision-to-incision interval was less than 15 minutes. Women deemed at the greatest preoperative risk (American Society of Anesthesiologists score ≥ 4) were approximately 7-fold more likely to receive a general anesthetic (odds ratio 6.9, 95% confidence interval 5.83-8.07). There was one maternal death, due to a failed intubation, in which the anesthetic procedure was directly implicated. Conclusion: Regional techniques have become the preferred method of anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Procedure-related complications are rare and attest to the safety of modern obstetric anesthesia for cesarean delivery in the United States.

关键词：剖宫产手术麻醉并发症局部麻醉麻醉选择麻醉相首次妊娠前瞻性队列研究于术医疗网络潜在危险因素

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