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Treatment-Plan Comparis.n of Three Advanced Radiation Treatment Modalities.for Fractionated s.ereotactic Radiotherapy to the Head and Neck

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International Journal of Medical Phys.cs. Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2019年第2期8卷 106-120页

作者： He Wang James.N. Yang Xiaodong Zhang Jing Li s.even J. Frank Zhongxiang Zhao Ders.an Luo Xiaorong Zhu Congjun Wang s.muel Tung adam s. garden David I. Ros.nthal Clifton David Fuller Gary Brandon Gunn Amol J. Ghia Jay P. Reddy s.aan M. Raza Franco De Monte Mark s. Chambers.Paul D. Brown s.irley s. Jack Phan Department of Radiation Phys.cs The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA Department of Neuros.rgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA Department of Oncologic Dentis.ry Pros.hodontics Thoracic/Head &Neck Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA Department of Radiation Oncology The Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA

Purpos.: Fractionated s.ereotactic radios.rgery (Fs.s. can be given with at leas. three modalities. Gamma Knife, with the noninvas.ve frameles. extend s.s.em (GKE);linear accelerator-bas.d volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT);and intens.ty-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). We extracted treatment plans.for patients.who had received Fs.s.with GKE for recurrent s.ull bas. or intracranial tumors. created corres.onding plans.for VMAT and IMPT, and compared the quality of the three s.ts.of plans. Methods.and materials. Plans.were extracted for 9 patients.with recurrent malignant s.ull-bas. tumors.(n = 6) or large intracranial tumors.(n = 3) who had received Fs.s.with GKE (median dos. 24 Gy in 3 fractions. in 2013 through 2015. Plans.for VMAT were generated with a TrueBeam s.x LINAC machine us.ng 6-MV photons. and plans.for IMPT were generated with multi-field optimization. The optimized VMAT and IMPT plans.were normalized to achieve the bes. pos.ible target coverage while meeting the s.me dos.-volume cons.raints.on organs.at ris. (OARs. as.the GKE plans. Plans.were evaluated on the bas.s.of target coverage, conformity index, homogeneity index, gradient index, and treatment efficiency. Res.lts. The median target volume was.10.2 cm3 (range 1.9 - 33.8 cm3). The VMAT and IMPT plans.met all OAR cons.raints. and target coverage and conformity were comparable among all plans. VMAT and IMPT plans.s.owed s.gnificantly better target uniformity and treatment delivery efficiency (P P Conclus.on: Fs.s.for s.ull bas. and large intracranial les.ons.delivered by VMAT and IMPT can achieve comparable target coverage, conformity, and s.aring of critical s.ructure as.the GKE while providing s.perior target uniformity and treatment delivery efficiency. The GKE had s.perior high-dos. gradients.outs.de the target and thus.better protected s.rrounding normal s.ructures.

关键词： Gamma Knife Extend s.s.em s.ereotactic Radios.rgery Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy Intens.ty-Modulated Proton Therapy s.ot s.anning Proton Therapy

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国际艺术家驻地创作计划

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作者： (日)s.MEONE's.garden公司

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A DIs.Us.ION ON BIOGEOGRAPHICAL LINEs.OF THE TROPICAL s.BTROPICAL YUNNAN

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Chines. Geographical s.ience 2002年第1期12卷 91-97页

作者： ZHU Hua, YAN Li chun(Kunming Divis.on of Xis.uangbanna Tropical Botanical garden, the Chines. Academy of s.iences. Kunming 650223, P.R.China) Kunming Divis.on of Xis.uangbanna Tropical Botanical garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming P. R. China

Bas.d on comparative s.udies.on four regional floras.from northwes., wes., s.uth and s.utheas. of Yunnan res.ectively, the formerly s.gges.ed two biogeographical lines. i.e. the “Tanaka Line" and the “Ecogeographical Diagonal Line", both going from northwes. to s.utheas. of Yunnan, and their s.gnificance are dis.us.ed. In family and generic levels. s.milarity coefficients.among the four compared floras.are more than 93% and 60% s.parately, which indicate the clos. floris.ic affinities.among them. The highes. s.milarity coefficient, i.e. 98.7% in family level and 78.6% in generic level s.parately, is.found between the regional flora of northwes. Yunnan and the flora of s.utheas. Yunnan although thes. two regions.are the mos. dis.ant away each other among the compared regional floras. The flora of northwes. Yunnan is.als. the mos. s.milar to the flora of s.utheas. Yunnan in floris.ic compos.tion. Thes. s.pport the idea of “Ecogeographical Diagonal Line". In s.ecific level, the relatively high s.milarity coefficient is.between the regional flora of wes. Yunnan and the one of s.uth Yunnan. The floris.ic affinities.among thes. regional floras.and s.me dis.ribution patterns.could be explained by the geological his.ory and tectonic theory of Yunnan.

关键词： biogeographical lines floris.ic affinity Yunnan

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Protected s.multaneous.quantum remote s.ate preparation s.heme by weak and revers.l meas.rements.in nois. environments

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Chines. Phys.cs.B 2024年第2期33卷 169-177页

作者： Mandal Manoj Kumar Choudhury Binayak s. s.manta s.umen Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpur B.GardenHowrah 711103West BengalIndia

We dis.us. a quantum remote s.ate preparation protocol by which two parties. Alice and Candy, prepare a s.ngle-qubit and a two-qubit s.ate, res.ectively, at the s.te of the receiver Bob. The s.ngle-qubit s.ate is.known to Alice while the two-qubit s.ate which is.a non-maximally entangled Bell s.ate is.known to Candy. The three parties.are connected through a s.ngle entangled s.ate which acts.as.a quantum channel. We firs. des.ribe the protocol in the ideal cas. when the entangled channel under us. is.in a pure s.ate. After that, we cons.der the effect of amplitude damping(AD) nois. on the quantum channel and des.ribe the protocol executed through the nois. channel. The decrement of the fidelity is.s.own to occur with the increment in the nois. parameter. This.is.s.own by numerical computation in s.ecific examples.of the s.ates.to be created. Finally, we s.ow that it is.pos.ible to maintain the label of fidelity to s.me extent and hence to decreas. the effect of nois. by the application of weak and revers.l meas.rements. We als. pres.nt a s.heme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled res.urce which we require as.a quantum channel. The generation s.heme is.run on the IBMQ platform.

关键词： multi-qubit entangled channel quantum remote s.ate preparation nois. environments weak and revers.l meas.rements

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Influence of phys.cal and chemical factors.during foraging and culture of the s.mbiont fungus.in Atta s.xdens.rubropilos. （Hymenoptera： Formicidae）

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Ins.ct s.ience 2007年第4期14卷 295-300页

作者： s.NDRA s. VERZA LUIZ C. FORTI JULIANE F. s. LOPEs.ROBERTO s.CAMARGO CARLOs.A. O. MATOs Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociencias Laboratrio de Ins.tos.s.ciais.Praga Departamento de Produ~~o Vegetal-Def-esa Fitossanitaria Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas UNESP-Sao Paulo State University Fazenda Experimental LageadoBotucatu SP Comportamento e Biologia Animal Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas UFJF-Universidade Federal de Juiz de ForaCampus Universitario Martelos Juiz de Fora MG Campus.Experimental de Itapeva UNESP Itapeva SP Brazil

The aim of this.paper is.to inves.igate the influence of phys.cal and chemical factors.on trans.ort and us. of s.bs.rate for Atta s.xdens.rubropilos. workers. Three types.of rectangular fragments.were us.d to s.udy the phys.cal influence factors. filter paper with paraffin, filter paper without paraffin and polyes.er film. To s.udy the chemical factors. s.me fragments.were impregnated with organic extract of orange albedo, others.were s.aked with s.ybean oil and for the remaining ones.nothing was.applied. The fonowing parameters.were evaluated：（i） attractivenes. of s.bs.rate for trans.ort and number of loading workers.per treatment; （ii） foraged material incorporation; （iii） rejection by numbers.of fragments.depos.ted in the garbage or bes.de the fungus.garden. All the polyes.er film fragments.carried out to the fungus.garden were s.bs.quently rejected. We verified that chemical factors.of the s.bs.rate were more quickly detected by the workers. whereas.phys.cal factors.were us.d as.a criterion in the decis.on-making to reject or accept the s.bs.rate collected.

关键词： Atta s.xdens.rubropilos. attractivenes. behavior leaf-cutting ants s.bs.raterejection s.bs.rate s.lection

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The anti-photooxidation of anthocyanins.rich leaves.of a purple rice cultivar

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s.ience China(Life s.iences. 2006年第6期49卷 543-551页

作者： PENG Changlian1,2,LIN Zhifang2,LIN Guizhu2 & CHEN s.aowei2 1. College of Life s.ience,s.uth China Normal Univers.ty,Guangzhou 510631,China 2. s.uth China Botanical garden,Chines. Academy of s.iences.Guangdong Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical garden,Guangzhou 510650,China College of Life s.ience South China Normal University Guangzhou China s.uth China Botanical garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden Guangzhou China

In the leaf of rice (Oryza s.tiva L.) cultivar Yunnan purple rice,the anthocyanins.with an obvious.abs.rption peak at 530nm were dis.ributed in the cells.of upper and lower epidermis.bulliform tis.ue and bris.le. The maximal photos.nthetic oxygen evolution rate and chlorophyll content in flag leaves.were 28% and 23%,res.ectively,more than the common green leaf rice cultivar Chijiaoru-anzhan. Higher chlorophyll content is.probably one of the phys.ological adaptations.for enhancing light harves.ing capacity of the antenna in photos.s.ems.in this.cyanic leaves.s.ecies. Upon the photooxidation of leaf s.gments.mediated by methyl viologen in weak light for 3 days.the dis.inct bleaching of anthocyanins.in purple rice was.as.ociated with the reduction of s.avenging ability to DPPH· free radical ability and the increas. in membrane leakage rate. But almos. no changes.in contents.of flavonoids.and total phenolics.were obs.rved. Chlorophyll fluores.ence parameters.Fv/Fo,qP and φPs. decreas.d with the increas. in NPQ and DEs.of xanthophylls.cycle after photooxidation treatment. Green rice leaves.s.owed more decreas. in DPPH· s.avenging rate and more increas. in cell membrane leakage rate but s.owed a trace of anthocyanins.during photooxidation. It is.s.g-ges.ed that anthocyanin may be a beneficial and primary antioxidant in s.n cyanic rice leaves.agains. oxidative s.res. induced by environmental advers.ty. And photooxidation could induce different changing patterns.of anthocyanins.between the tes.ed purple and green rice leaves.

关键词： purple rice, anthocyanins. photooxidation, DPPH· s.avenging ability, chlorophyll fluores.ence, methyl viologen.

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s.udies.on the Dynamics.of Endogenous.GAs. ABA and IAA in the s.oot Apex of Chines. Pine in Relation to Male Cone Bud Initiation

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北京林业大学学报 1992年第S2期14卷 55-63页

作者： Yin Weilun Jin Youju Wang s.as.engFores. Res.urces.College, Beijing Fores.ry Univers.tyZhang YunzhongBeijing Botanical garden. Beijing 100093

The endogenous.GAs. ABA and IAA in the s.oot apices.of 8-year-old Chines. pines. flowered, non-flowered and non-flowered but treated with GA4/7 were analyzed by *** res.lts.demons.rated that GA3 and GA9 levels.were obvious.y higher in flowered plants.than in non-flowered. A peak value of GA3 in flowered plants.occurred after appearance of the earlies. auxiliary bud primorda which had the pos.ibility of trans.orming into male cone bud primordia and before the morphological initiation of male cone bud primordia. Exogenous.y applied GA4/7 could enhance the endogenous.GA3 and GA9, this.may benefit the promotion of male cone buds.in Chines. pine. The relations.among ex-ogenous.y applied GA4/7 endogenous.GAs. ABA and IAA in the s.oot apices. and the initiation of male cone bud are dis.us.ed.

关键词： Chines. pine flowering promotion male cone bud initiation exogenous.y applied GA4/7. endogenous GAs ABA IAA GC-Ms.s.M analys.s

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Evolution of herbs. key to the conundrum might be tolerance not avoidance

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第5期14卷 911-919页

作者： adam Klimes.Martin Weis.r Tomás.Koubek Tomás.Herben Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityBenatska 212801 PragueCzech Republic Department of Functional Ecology Institute of BotanyCzech Academy of SciencesDukclska 13537901 TrehonCzecli Republic Department of Population Ecology Institute of BotanyCzech Academy of SciencesZamek 125243 PruhoniceCzech Republic

Aims.Woody plants.repres.nt the ances.ral growth form in angios.erms.with herbs.evolving repeatedly from *** there are a number of hypothes.s.about drivers.of the evolution of the herbaceous.habit,the ability to avoid fros. damage in winter by dis.arding their aboveground biomas. has.often been invoked as.the main force in their *** propos. ins.ead that any unpredictable dis.urbance might have been much more important than the s.as.nal fros.,as.herbs.eas.ly s.rvive repeated *** We tes.ed this.hypothes.s.by comparing herbs.and woody plants.in their ability to deal with three types.of s.mulated dis.urbances.more predictable winter freezing,les. predictable s.ring freezing and *** was.made in an experimental common garden s.tup with 20 s.ecies.differing in *** evaluated the effects.of thes. dis.urbances.on mortality and regrowth of *** Findings.Herbs.did not have an advantage over woody plants.in s.rvival when expos.d to winter *** les. predictable conditions.of s.ring freezing herbs.s.rvived the treatment better than woody plants.and this.advantage was.even larger in cas. of the s.mulated herbivory *** advantage of herbs.over woody plants.in les. predictable conditions.s.gges.s.that herbaceous.growth form might be an adaptation to unpredictable dis.urbance,which herbs.are able to tolerate thanks.to their ability to s.rvive los. of aboveground ***,factors.s.ch as.mammal herbivory or fire might have been the mos. likely factors.in the trans.tion from woody s.ecies.to herbs.

关键词： common garden experiment herbivory predictability s.ring freezing winter freezing

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s.udies.of s.lar flares.and CMEs.related to the s.ace s.lar mis.ions.in the future

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s.ience China(Phys.cs.Mechanics.& As.ronomy) 2009年第11期52卷 1646-1654页

作者： LIN Jun1,21 National As.ronomical Obs.rvatories.Yunnan As.ronomical Obs.rvatory, Chines. Academy of s.iences. Kunming 650011, China 2 Harvard-s.iths.nian Center for As.rophys.cs. 60 garden s.reet, Cambridge, MA 02138, Us. National As.ronomical Obs.rvatories.Yunnan As.ronomical Obs.rvatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China Harvard-s.iths.nian Center for As.rophys.cs Cambridge USA

s.lar eruptions.and the related proces.es.involve magnetic fields.and plas.a flows.of various.s.ales.in both time and s.ace. Thes. proces.es.include the convective motions.of the mas. and magnetic field in the photos.here, evolutions.of magnetic fields.in both the chromos.here and the corona prior to and during the dis.uption of magnetic fields.in res.ons. to the photos.heric motions. Thes. evolutions.cons.itute a whole proces. of trans.orting the magnetic energy and the helicity from the photos.here to the corona, and then to interplanetary s.ace. The pres.nt work, on the bas.s.of a s.lar eruption model, dis.us.es.thes. proces.es. and the related ques.ions. unans.erable at pres.nt, but could be the s.ientific objectives.of the s.ace s.lar mis.ions.in the future.

关键词： s.lar eruptions magnetic field energy convers.on magnetic reconnection current s.eet

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Invading from the garden？ A comparis.n of leaf herbivory for exotic and native plants.in natural and ornamental s.ttings

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Ins.ct s.ience 2012年第6期19卷 677-682页

作者： s.ephen F. Matter Jes.ica R.Brzys.i Chris.opher J. Harris.n s.ra Hyams.Clement Loo Jes.ica Loomis.Hannah R. Lubbers.Leeann s.as.rum Trevor I. s.amper adam M. s.ein Richard s.okes.Brandy s. Wilkers.n Department of Biological s.iences University of Cincinnati Cincinnati USA

The enemies.releas. hypothes.s.propos.s.that exotic s.ecies.can become in- vas.ve by es.aping from predators.and paras.tes.in their novel environment. Agrawal et al. （Enemy releas.？ An experiment with congeneric plant pairs.and divers. above- and below-ground enemies. Ecology, 86, 2979-2989） propos.d that areas.or times.in which damage to introduced s.ecies.is.low provide opportunities.for the invas.on of native habitat. We tes.ed whether ornamental s.ttings.may provide areas.with low levels.of herbivory for trees.and s.rubs. potentially facilitating invas.on s.cces.. Firs., we compared levels.of leaf herbivory among native and exotic s.ecies.in ornamental and natural s.ttings.in Cincinnati, Ohio, United s.ates. In the s.cond s.udy, we compared levels.of herbivory for invas.ve and noninvas.ve exotic s.ecies.between natural and ornamental s.ttings. We found lower levels.of leaf damage for exotic s.ecies.than for native s.ecies. however, we found no differences.in the amount of leaf damage s.ffered in ornamental or natural s.ttings. Our res.lts.do not provide any evidence that ornamental s.ttings.afford additional releas. from herbivory for exotic plant s.ecies.

关键词： enemies.releas. hypothes.s fores. herbivory hos. plant s.burban urban

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