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Neutrophil kinetics and function after major trauma:A systematic review

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World Journal of Critical Care medicine 2021年第5期10卷 260-277页

作者： Liam DB Finlay Andrew Conway morris adam m deane Alexander JT Wood melbourne medical School University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052VictoriaAustralia Department of medicine University of CambridgeCambridge 01223United Kingdom Centre for Integrated Critical Care University of MelbourneParkville 3052VictoriaAustralia Intensive Care Unit Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3052VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Immune dysfunction following major traumatic injury is complex and strongly associated with significant morbidity and mortality through the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(mODS),persistent inflammation,immunosuppression,and catabolism syndrome and *** are thought to be a pivotal mediator in the development of immune *** To provide a review with a systematic approach of the recent literature describing neutrophil kinetics and functional changes after major trauma in humans and discuss hypotheses as to the mechanisms of the observed neutrophil dysfunction in this *** medline,Embase and Pubmed were searched on January 15,*** were screened by two reviewers and those included had their reference list hand searched for additional papers of *** criteria were adults>18 years old,with an injury severity score>12 requiring admission to an intensive care *** that analysed major trauma patients as a subgroup were *** Of 107 papers screened,48 were included in the *** were heterogeneous and most studies had a moderate to significant risk of bias owing to their observational nature and small sample *** findings included a persistently elevated neutrophil count,stereotyped alterations in cell-surface markers of activation,and the elaboration of heterogeneous and immunosuppressive populations of cells in the *** of these changes correlate with clinical outcomes such as mODS and secondary *** phenotype remains a promising avenue for the development of predictive markers for immune *** Understanding of neutrophil phenotypes after traumatic injury is expanding.A greater emphasis on incorporating functional and clinically significant markers,greater uniformity in study design and assessment of extravasated neutrophils may facilitate risk stratification in patients affected by major trauma.

关键词： Neutrophils multiple trauma Immunophenotypes Inflammation Systemic inflammatory response syndrome Intensive care units

modulation of individual components of gastric motor response to duodenal glucose

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第35期19卷 5863-5869页

作者： adam m deane Laura K Besanko Carly m Burgstad marianne J Chapman michael Horowitz Robert JL Fraser Discipline of Acute Care medicine University of Adelaide Intensive Care Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital National Health and medical Research Council of Australia Centre for Clinical Research Excellence in Nutritional Physiology and Outcomes Investigation and Procedures Unit Repatriation General Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Adelaide Hospital Discipline of medicine University of Adelaide Royal Adelaide Hospital

AIm:To evaluate individual components of the antro-pyloro-duodenal(APD)motor response to graded small intestinal glucose infusions in healthy ***:APD manometry was performed in 15healthy subjects(12 male;40±5 years,body mass index 26.5±1.6 kg/m2)during four 20-min intraduodenal infusions of glucose at 0,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 kcal/min,in a randomised double-blinded *** solutions were infused at a rate of 1 mL/min and separated by 40-min"wash-out"*** are mean±*** analyses are repeated measure analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc ***:At 0 kcal/min frequency of pressure waves were:antrum(7.5±1.8 waves/20 min)and isolated pyloric pressure waves(IPPWs)(8.0±2.3 waves/20min)with pyloric tone(0.0±0.9 mmHg).Intraduodenal glucose infusion acutely increased IPPW frequency(Pmulation was observed at 1.0 kcal/min for pyloric phasic pressure waves(P=0.002)and 1.5 kcal/min for pyloric tone and antral ***:There is hierarchy for the activation of gastrointestinal motor responses to duodenal glucose *** increase in IPPWs is the first response observed.

关键词： Glucose Gastrointestinal motility Pyloric Antral Duodenum manometry motor activity Blood glucose

Nutrient stimulation of mesenteric blood flow-implications for older critically ill patients

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World Journal of Critical Care medicine 2017年第1期6卷 28-36页

作者： Thu AN Nguyen Yasmine Ali Abdelhamid Liza K Phillips Leeanne S Chapple michael Horowitz Karen L Jones adam m deane Discipline of Acute Care medicine University of Adelaide National Health and medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health Endocrine and metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital Discipline of medicine University of Adelaide Intensive Care Unit Royal Melbourne Hospital University of Melbourne

Nutrient ingestion induces a substantial increase in mesenteric blood flow. In older persons(aged ≥ 65 years), particularly those with chronic medical conditions, the cardiovascular compensatory response may be inadequate to maintain systemic blood pressure during mesenteric blood pooling, leading to postprandial hypotension. In older ambulatory persons, postprandial hypotension is an important pathophysiological condition associated with an increased propensity for syncope, falls, coronary vascular events, stroke and death. In older critically ill patients, the administration of enteral nutrition acutely increases mesenteric blood flow, but whether this pathophysiological response is protective, or precipitates mesenteric ischaemia, is unknown. There are an increasing number of older patients surviving admission to intensive care units, who are likely to be at increased risk of postprandial hypotension, both during, and after, their stay in hospital. In this review, we describe the prevalence, impact and mechanisms of postprandial hypotension in older people and provide an overview of the impact of postprandial hypotension on feeding prescriptions in older critically ill patients. Finally, we provide evidence that postprandial hypotension is likely to be an unrecognised problem in older survivors of critical illness and discuss potential options for management.

关键词： Postprandial hypotension Enteral nutrition Critical care Aged mesenteric ischaemia

Sleep during and following critical illness:A narrative review

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World Journal of Critical Care medicine 2023年第3期12卷 92-115页

作者： Laurie Showler Yasmine Ali Abdelhamid Jeremy Goldin adam m deane Intensive Care medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia Sleep and Respiratory medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia

Sleep is a complex process influenced by biological and environmental *** of sleep quantity and quality occur frequently in the critically ill and remain prevalent in survivors for at least 12 *** disturbances are associated with adverse outcomes across multiple organ systems but are most strongly linked to delirium and cognitive *** review will outline the predisposing and precipitating factors for sleep disturbance,categorised into patient,environmental and treatment-related *** objective and subjective methodologies used to quantify sleep during critical illness will be *** polysomnography remains the gold-standard,its use in the critical care setting still presents many *** methodologies are needed to better understand the pathophysiology,epidemiology and treatment of sleep disturbance in this *** outcome measures,including the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire,are still required for trials involving a greater number of patients and provide valuable insight into patients’experiences of disturbed ***,sleep optimisation strategies are reviewed,including intervention bundles,ambient noise and light reduction,quiet time,and the use of ear plugs and eye *** drugs to improve sleep are frequently prescribed to patients in the ICU,evidence supporting their effectiveness is lacking.

关键词： Critical illness Critical care Sleep Sleep deprivation Polysomnography melatonin

Iridoid glycosides from fruits reduce the growth of fungi associated with fruit rot

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第3期9卷 357-366页

作者： Susan R.Whitehead Jordan Tiramani m.deane Bowers Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA museum of Natural History University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Aims Ripe,fleshy fruits generally function as rewards to attract mutualistic seed dispersers,but many fruits also contain high concentrations of toxic secondary *** compounds may serve a variety of adaptive roles in seed dispersal or as a defense against non-dispersing seed predators or *** tested the effects of iridoid glycosides from fruits of a hybrid bush honeysuckle,Lonicera×bella,on the growth of two pathogenic fungal strains associated with fruit rot,Alternaria tenuissima and Aspergillus *** Fungi were isolated from field-collected L.×bella fruits and identified using molecular *** growth rates were assessed in vitro in the presence of varying concentrations of pure loganin,one of the most abundant iridoid glycosides in fruits,as well as fruit extracts containing a mix of at least seven different iridoid *** FindingsLoganin had strong dose-dependent negative effects on the growth of both *** from fruits had no effect on Aspergillus but a strong antifungal effect on Alternaria that increased with fruit *** iridoid glycoside concentrations in extracts were not good predictors of variation in fungal growth,but several individual compounds had significant negative *** iridoid glycosides have primarily been studied as antiherbivore defenses in leaves,these results indicate that they can also function to reduce the growth of fungi associated with fruit rot.

关键词： Caprifoliaceae fruit rot fruit secondary metabolites generalized defense Lonicera plant-pathogen interactions

Posterior interosseous nerve localization within the proximal forearm-a patient normalized parameter

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第4期8卷 310-316页

作者： Srinath Kamineni Crystal R Norgren Evan m Davidson Ellora P Kamineni Andrew S deane Elbow Shoulder Research Centre Depart-ment of Orthopaedics and Sports MedicineUniversity of Kentucky University of Kentucky College of medicine Paul Laurence Dunbar High School Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Indiana University School of Medicine

AIm To provide a "patient-normalized" parameter in the proximal forearm. mETHODS Sixty-three cadaveric upper extremities from thirty-five cadavers were studied. A muscle splitting approach was utilized to locate the posterior interosseous nerve(PIN) at the point where it emerges from beneath the supinator. The supinator was carefully incised to expose the midpoint length of the nerve as it passes into the forearm while preserving the associated fascial connections, thereby preserving the relationship of the nerve with the muscle. We measured the transepicondylar distance(TED), PIN distance in the forearm's neutral rotation position, pronation position, supination position, and the nerve width. Two individuals performed measurements using a digital caliper with inter-observer and intraobserver blinding. The results were analyzed with the Wilcoxon-mann-Whitney test for paired samples. RESULTS In pronation, the PIN was within two confidence intervals of 1.0 TED in 95% of cases(range 0.7-1.3 TED); in neutral, within two confidence intervals of 0.84 TED in 95% of cases(range 0.5-1.1 TED); in supination,within two confidence intervals of 0.72 TED in 95% of cases(range 0.5-0.9 TED). The mean PIN distance from the lateral epicondyle was 100% of TED in a pronated forearm, 84% in neutral, and 72% in supination. Predictive accuracy was highest in supination; in all cases the majority of specimens(90.47%-95.23%) are within 2 cm of the forearm position-specific percentage of TED. When comparing right to left sides for TEDs with the signed Wilcoxon-mann-Whitney test for paired samples as well as a significance test(with normal distribution), the P-value was 0.0357(significance-0.05) indicating a significant difference between the two *** This "patient normalized" parameter localizes the PIN crossing a line drawn between the lateral epicondyle and the radial styloid. Accurate PIN localization will aid in diagnosis, injections, and surgical approaches.

关键词： Posterior interosseous nerve Radial nerve Transepicondylar distance Radial tunnel syndrome Supinator syndrome

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爱尔兰电解二氧化锰的生产

中国锰业 1986年第4期 65-67页

作者： m.E.deane 黄慧

电解二氧化锰生产的发展历史与干电池制造工业紧密相关。电解二氧化锰于二十世纪初才开始用于干电池工业。目前世界上电解二氧化锰生产能力列于表1。

关键词：电解二氧化锰生产能力干电池电解液爱尔兰

mechanism-driven strategies for prevention of rheumatoid arthritis

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2022年第3期2卷 109-119页

作者： V.michael Holers Kristine A.Kuhn m.Kristen Demoruelle Jill m.Norris Gary S.Firestein Eddie A.James William H.Robinson Jane H.Buckner Kevin D.deane Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA Department of Epidemiology Colorado School of Public HealthAuroraColoradoUSA Division of Rheumatology Allergy and ImmunologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Benaroya Research Institute SeattleWashingtonUSA Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of medicine Division of RheumatologyVA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA

In seropositive rheumatoid arthritis(RA),the onset of clinically apparent inflammatory arthritis(IA)is typically preceded by a prolonged period of autoimmunity manifest by the presence of circulating autoantibodies that can include antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens(ACPA)and rheumatoid *** period before clinical IA can be designated preclinical RA in those individuals who have progressed to a clinical diagnosis of RA,and an“at‐risk”status in those who have not developed IA but exhibit predictive biomarkers of future clinical *** the goal of developing RA prevention strategies,studies have characterized immune phenotypes of preclinical RA/at-risk *** these studies,a model has emerged wherein mucosal inflammation and dysbiosis may lead first to local autoantibody production,which should normally be transient,but instead is followed by a systemic spread of the autoimmunity as manifested by serum autoantibody elevations,ultimately driving the development of clinically identified joint *** model can be envisioned as the progression of disease development through serial“checkpoints”that in principle should constrain or resolve autoimmunity;however,instead,the checkpoints“fail”and clinical RA *** we review the immune processes that are likely to be present at each step and the potential therapeutic strategies that could be envisioned to delay,diminish,halt,or even reverse the progression to clinical ***,these prevention strategies could utilize existing therapies approved for clinical RA,therapies approved for other diseases that target relevant pathways in the preclinical/at-risk state,or approaches that target novel pathways.

关键词： autoimmune disease inflammation mucosa prevention rheumatoid arthritis

Bacterial magnetic Particles for Applications in NDT＆E,Detection of Flaws and Cracks in Sample materials

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Bacterial Magnetic Particles for Applications in NDT＆E,Dete...