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Case-Based Reasoning for Reducing Software Development Effort

Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2010年第11期3卷 1005-1014页

作者： adam brady Tim Menzies Oussama El-Rawas Ekrem Kocaguneli Jacky W. Keung 不详

How can we best find project changes that most improve project estimates? Prior solutions to this problem required the use of standard software process models that may not be relevant to some new project. Also, those prior solutions suffered from limited verification (the only way to assess the results of those studies was to run the recommendations back through the standard process models). Combining case-based reasoning and contrast set learning, the W system requires no underlying model. Hence, it is widely applicable (since there is no need for data to conform to some software process models). Also, W’s results can be verified (using holdout sets). For example, in the experiments reported here, W found changes to projects that greatly reduced estimate median and variance by up to 95% and 83% (respectively).

关键词： Software Effort Estimation Case Based Reasoning Effort Estimation

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First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis: Comparison of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Allograft versus Autogenous Bone Graft Fusion Rates

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Surgical Science 2013年第5期4卷 263-267页

作者： John Anderson Nathan Jeppesen Myron Hansen Chad brady adam Gough Zflan Fowler Alamogordo Orthopaedics Alamogordo USA Cactus Foot and Ankle Gilbert USA Gila Regional Medical Center Silver City USA Presbyterian Albuquerque USA Scripps Mercy-Kaiser Hospital San Diego USA

With patients undergoing first time 1st metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis using graft material when it was required to fill cystic bone voids, we retrospectively compared the time to fusion (clinical and radiographic), and non-union rate between the patient’s own bone autograft (n = 62) versus a mesenchymal stem cell impregnated allograft group (n = 51). A third control group (n = 52) was included in which an end-to-end arthrodesis was performed and no graft interposition was used or necessary. The non-union rate was 4% (n = 2) in the control group, 5.9% (n = 4) in the autograft group, and 9.5% (n = 5) in the mesenchymal stem cell allograft group. The time for radiographic fusion was 6.46 weeks for the control group, 6.52 weeks for the autograft group, and 6.53 weeks for the mesenchymal stem cell allograft group. The difference in time to clinical and radiographic union and the non-union rate were not found to be statistically significant among all 3 groups. Patient comorbidities and their possible effects on union rates were also analyzed within the populations. Some comorbidities had statistically significantly non-unions within the population, notably smoking (p = 0.024) and Rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.001), however the populations were fairly small. The use of allogeneic bone graft impregnated with mesenchymal stem cells yields a similar fusion rate as with the use of autologous bone graft harvested from the surrounding area. The allograft impregnated with mesenchymal stem cells is a viable alternative yielding similar results when local autogenous bone graft is not available, not obtainable, or conditions warrant its use.

关键词： Metatarsophalangeal Joint Bone Autograft Mesenchymal Stem Cell

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同情与想象力在环境审美中的作用——围绕亚当·斯密的讨论

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郑州大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第3期57卷 95-100,144页

作者： [英]艾米丽·布雷迪何敏(译) 得克萨斯农工大学哲学系得克萨斯州卡城77843 郑州大学哲学学院河南郑州450001

亚当·斯密的同情与想象力思想在环境审美中具有重要作用。虽然反对者认为,将情感和想象运用到对自然的审美鉴赏中可能会导致主观化和琐碎化,但这一思想还是有重要价值的。首先,同情与想象力可能提供一种更深层、更敏感的审美参与。其次... 详细信息

亚当·斯密的同情与想象力思想在环境审美中具有重要作用。虽然反对者认为,将情感和想象运用到对自然的审美鉴赏中可能会导致主观化和琐碎化,但这一思想还是有重要价值的。首先,同情与想象力可能提供一种更深层、更敏感的审美参与。其次,站在无功利的立场上,审美判断可能源于一种自我调控的反映,这种客观、理性立场可以避免由于过度人性化而导致的自然审美欣赏的失败。

关键词：亚当·斯密自然同情想象力环境美学

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