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Rising utilization of stable isotopes in tree rings for climate change and forest ecology

Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 103-116页

作者： Ru Huang Chenxi Xu Jussi Grießinger Xiaoyu Feng Haifeng Zhu achim Bräuning National Institute of Natural Hazards Beijing 100085People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China CAs Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044People’s Republic of China Institute of Geography Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany state Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth system Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Analyses of stable isotopes(C,O,H)in tree rings are increasingly important cross-disciplinary *** rapid development in this field documented in an increasing number of publications requires a comprehensive *** study includes a bibliometric analysis-based review to better understand research trends in tree ring stable isotope ***,1475 publications were selected from the Web of science Core Collection for *** findings are that:(1)numbers of annual publications and citations increased since *** 1974 to 1980,there were around two relevant publications per ***,from 2020 to 2022,this rose sharply to 109 publications per ***,average article citations were less than four per year before 1990,but were around four per article per year after 2000;(2)the major subjects using tree ring stable isotopes include forestry,geosciences,and environmental sciences,contributing to 42.5%of the total during 1974-2023;(3)the top three most productive institutions are the Chinese Academy of sciences(423),the swiss Federal Institute for Forest,snow and Landscape Research(227),and the University of Arizona(204).These achievements result from strong collaborations;(4)review papers,for example,(Dawson et al.,Annu Rev Ecol syst 33:507-559,2002)and(McCarroll and Loader,Quat sci Rev 23:771-801,2004),are among the most cited,with more than 1000 citations;(5)tree ring stable isotope studies mainly focus on climatology and ecology,with atmospheric CO_(2) one of the most popular *** 2010,precipitation and drought have received increasing *** on this analysis,the research stages,key findings,debated issues,limitations and direc-tions for future research are *** study serves as an important attempt to understand the progress on the use of stable isotopes in tree rings,providing scientific guid-ance for young researchers in this field.

关键词： Tree rings stable isotopes Web of science Bibliometric

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Development and characterization of 3D-printed electroconductive pHEMA-co-MAA NP-laden hydrogels for tissue engineering

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 262-276页

作者： sara De Nitto Aleksandra serafin Alexandra Karadimou achim schmalenberger John J.EMulvihill Maurice N.Collins DIBRIs Polytechnic Inter-school section University of Genoa16126 GenoaItaly school of Engineering Bernal InstituteUniversity of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland school of Natural sciences Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland Health Research Institute University of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland AMBER University of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland

Tissue engineering(TE)continues to be widely explored as a potential solution to meet critical clinical needs for diseased tissue replacement and tissue *** this study,we developed a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid)(pHEMA-co-MAA)based hydrogel loaded with newly synthesized conductive poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)(PEDOT)and polypyrrole(PPy)nanoparticles(NPs),and subsequently processed these hydrogels into tissue engineered constructs via three-dimensional(3D)*** presence of the NPs was critical as they altered the rheological properties during ***,all samples exhibited suitable shear thinning properties,allowing for the development of an optimized processing window for 3D *** were 3D printed into pre-determined disk-shaped configurations of 2 and 10 mm in height and diameter,*** observed that the NPs disrupted the gel crosslinking efficiencies,leading to shorter degradation times and compressive mechanical properties ranging between 450 and 550 *** conductivity of the printed hydrogels increased along with the NP concentration to(5.10±0.37)×10^(−7)s/*** vitro studies with cortical astrocyte cell cultures demonstrated that exposure to the pHEMA-co-MAA NP hydrogels yielded high cellular viability and proliferation ***,hydrogel antimicrobial studies with staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria revealed that the developed hydrogels affected bacterial *** together,these materials show promise for various TE strategies.

关键词： Conductive nanoparticles Hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA) Ultraviolet(UV)polymerization 3D printing

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Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： Robert Colebunders Joseph Nelson siewe Fodjo Olivia Kamoen Luis-Jorge Amaral Amber Hadermann Chiara Trevisan Mark J.Taylor Julia Gauglitz achim Hoerauf Yasuaki sato Katja Polman Maria-Gloria Basanez Dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag sebastien D.Pion Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool school of Tropical Medicine LiverpoolUK Department of Computer science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany school of Global Humanities and social sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected TropicalDisease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Vector Control Division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda school of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National Research Institute for sustainable Development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text During the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 september, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (AsMs) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free AsMs in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

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Li2snO3 branched nano- and microstructures with intense and broadband white-light emission

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Nano Research 2019年第2期12卷 441-448页

作者： Miguel Garcia-Tecedor Javier Bartolome David Maestre achim Trampert Ana Cremades Dpt. Fisica de Materials Facultad de CC. Fisicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain Paul-Drude-Institut fur Festkorperelektronik Hausvogteiplatz 5-7 Berlin 10117 Germany Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM) Universitat Jaume I Castello 12006 Spain Dpt. Fisica de Materiales Facultad de CC. Ftsicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain

Exploiting the synergy between microstructure, morphology and dimensions by suitable nanomaterial engineeri ng, can effectively upgrade the physical properties and material performances. Li2snO3 elongated nano- and microstructures in form of belts, wires, rods and branched structures have been fabricated by a vapor-solid method at temperatures ranging from 700 to 900℃ using metallic sn and Li2CO3 as precursors. The achievement of these new morphologies can face challenging applications for Li2snO3, not only in the field of energy storage, but also as building blocks in optoelectronic devices. The micro? and nanostructures grown at 700 and 800℃ correspond to monoclinic Li2snO3, while at 900℃ complex Li2s nO/snO2 core-shell microstructures are grow n, as con firmed by X-ray diffractio n and Rama n spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy reveals structural disorder related to stacking faults in some of the branched structures, which is associated with the prese nee of the low-temperature phase of L12s nO3. The luminescent resp onse of these structures is domi nated by in tense emissi ons at 2, 2.5 and 3 eV, almost completely covering the whole range of the visible light spectrum. As a result, white-light emission is obtained without the need of phosphors or complex quantum well heterostructures. Enhanced functionality in applications such as in light-emitting devices could be exploited based on the high luminescenee intensity observed in some of the analysed Li2snO3 structures.

关键词： lithium oxides white light emitters nanostructures luminescenee

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The Determinants of China's Minimum Wage Rates

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China & World Economy 2023年第3期31卷 59-91页

作者： achim schmillen Michael stops Dewen Wang Human Development World BankIndonesia Institute for Employment Research Germany senior social Protection Economist World BankChina.

We use a highly disaggregated panel of macro data and minimum wages at the county level to investigate the processes behind minimum wage adjustments in *** on random effects models,spatial econometrics techniques,and multilevel analyses,we document that a comparatively small number of economic variables-including the local price level and GDP per capita-are important determinants of minimum wage *** between adjacent counties and counties of the same administrative type,and centralized mechanisms,particularly at the provincial level,also play an important role in explaining the variance in minimum wage rates across ***,we show that China's provinces are the key players for setting minimum wage rates and that,when they do so,they are not uniform in the way they weigh different economic variables.

关键词： applied spatial econometrics China highly disaggregated macro data minimum wage setting multilevel analysis strategic interactions between subnationa governments

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Effect of human autologous serum and fetal bovine serum on human corneal epithelial cell viability,migration and proliferation in vitro

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第6期10卷 908-913页

作者： Ming-Feng Wu Tanja stachon1 Berthold seitz achim Langenbucher Nora szentmary Department of Ophthalmology Saarland University Medical Center Experimental Ophthalmology Saarland University Department of Ophthalmology Semmelweis University

AIM： To analyze the concentration-dependent effects of autologous serum （As） and fetal bovine serum （FBs） on human corneal epithelial cell （HCEC） viability, migration and proliferation. METHODs： As was prepared from 13 patients with non- healing epithelial defects Dulbecco＇s modified eagle medium/ Ham＇s F12 （DMEM/F12） with 5% FBs, 0.5% dimethyl sulphoxide （DMsO）, 10 ng/mL human epidermal growth factor, 1% insulin-transferrin-selenium, then were incubated in serum media： DMEM/F12 supplemented by 5%, 10%, 15% or 30% As or FBs. HCEC viability was analyzed using cell proliferation kit XTI＇, migration using a wound healing assay, proliferation by the cell proliferation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELIsA） BrdU kit. statistical analysis was performed using the generalized linear model, the values at 30% As or 30% FBs were used as the baselines. REsULTs： HCEC viability was the highest at 30% As or 15% FBs and the lowest at 10% As or 30% FBs application. HCEC migration was the quickest through 30% As or 30% FBs and the slowest through 5% As or 5% FBs concentrations. Proliferation was the most increased through 15% As or 5% FBs and the least increased through 30% As or 30% FBs concentrations. HCEC viability at 10% and 15% As was significantly worse （P=0.001, P=0.023） compared to baseline and significantly better at 15% FBs （P=0.003） concentrations. HCEC migration was significantly worse （P〈0.007） and HCEC proliferation significantly better （P〈0.001） in all concentration groups compared to baseline. CONCLUsION： For the best viability of HCEC 30% As or 15% FBs, for HCEC migration 30% As or 30% FBs, for proliferation 15% As or 5% FBs should be used. Therefore, we suggest the use of 30% As in clinical practice.

关键词： autologous serum eye drops serum concen-tration migration proliferation viability human comeal epithelialcells

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Effect of biometric characteristics on biomechanical properties of the cornea in cataract patient

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第6期9卷 854-857页

作者： Xue-Fei song achim Langenbucher Zisis Gatzioufas Berthold seitz Moatasem El-Husseiny Department of Ophthalmology Saarland University Medical Center Department of Ophthalmology Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchool of Medicine Experimental Ophthalmology Saarland University

AIM： To determine the impact of biometric characteristics on the biomechanical properties of the human cornea using the ocular response analyzer （ORA） and standard comprehensive ophthalmic examinations before and after standard phacoemulsificaUon. METHODs： This study comprised 54 eyes with cataract with significant lens opacification in stages I or II that underwent phacoemulsification （2.8 mm incision）. Corneal hysteresis （CH）, corneal resistance factor （CRF）, Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure （IOPg）, and corneal-compensated intraocular pressure （IOPcc） were measured by ORA preoperatively and at lmo postoperatively. Biometric characteristics were derived from corneal topography [TMs-5, anterior equivalent （EQTMs） and cylindric （CYLTMs） power], corneal tomography [Casia, anterior and posterior equivalent （EQaCAsC, EQpCAsIA） and cylindric （CYLaCAsIA, CYLpCAsIA） power], keratometry [IOLMaster, anterior equivalent （EQIOL） and cylindric （CYL,oL） power] and autorefractor [anterior equivalent （EQAR）]. Results from ORA were analyzed and correlated with those from all other examinations taken at the same time point. REsULTs： Preoperatively, CH correlated with EQpCAsIA and CYLpCAsIA only （P=0.001, P=0.002）. Postoperatively, IOPg and IOPcc correlated with all equivalent powers （EQTMs, EQIOL, EQAR, EQaCAsIA, and EQpCAsIA）（P=0.001, P=0.007, P=0.001, P= 0.015, P=0.03 for IOPg and P〈0.001, ,0=0.003, P〈0.001, P= 0.009, P=0.014 for IOPcc）. CH correlated postoperatively with EQaCAsIA and EQpCAsIA only （P=0.021, P=0.022）. CONCLUsION： Biometric characteristics may significantly affect biomechanical properties of the cornea in terms of CH, IOPcc and IOPg before, but even more after cataract surgery.

关键词： cataract surgery biometric characteristics biomechanical properties ocular response analyzer cornealtomography correlation analysis

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Exploring the social,ethical,legal,and responsibility dimensions of artificial intelligence for health-a new column in Intelligent Medicine

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Intelligent Medicine 2022年第2期2卷 103-109页

作者： achim Rosemann Xinqing Zhang Centre for Computing and social Responsibility De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUnited Kingdom Department of sociology Philosophy and AnthropologyUniversity of ExeterUnited Kingdom school of Humanities and social sciences Peking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China

This essay is the starting point of a new column in Intelligent Medicine that invites interdisciplinary perspectives on the social,ethical,legal,and responsibility aspects of the use of artificial intelligence(AI)in medicine and health *** in this column will examine the practical,conceptual,and policy dimensions of the use of AI for health-related purposes from comparative and international *** invite contributions from around the world in all application areas of AI for health,including health care,health research,drug development,health care system management,as well as public health and public health *** column aims to provide a forum for reflective and critical scholarship that contributes to the ongoing academic and policy debates about the development,use,governance,and implications of AI in medical and health care *** launch the column,we first provide an overview of recent approaches that have been developed to identify and address the effects and potential impacts of science and technology innovations on human societies and the *** include ethical,legal,and social implications/aspects(ELsI/A)research,responsible research and innovation(RRI),sustainability transitions research,and the use of international standard-setting instruments for responsible and open science issued by the United Nations Educational,scientific,and Cultural Organization(UNEsCO),the World Health Organization(WHO),and other international *** Part Two of this essay,we discuss some of the central challenges that arise with regard to the integration of AI and big data analytics in medical and health care *** includes concerns regarding(i)the control,reliability,and trustworthiness of AI systems,(ii)privacy and surveillance,(iii)the impact of AI and automation on health care staffemployment and the nature of clinical work,(iv)the effects of AI on health inequalities,justice,and access to medical care,and(v)challenges rel

关键词： Artificial intelligence Health Ethical,legal and social implications Responsible research and innovation Global ethics Governance of emerging technologies

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Impact of crosslinking/riboflavin-UVA-photodynamic inactivation on viability,apoptosis and activation of human keratocytes in vitro

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2015年第4期29卷 321-325页

作者： Tanja stachon Jiong Wang Xufei song achim Langenbucher Berthold seitz Nóra szentmáry Department of Ophthalmology Saarland University Medical Center Department of Ophthalmology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Department of Ophthalmology The Second Hospital of Jilin University Experimental Ophthalmology Saarland University

Riboflavin-UVA photodynamic inactivation is a potential treatment altemative in therapy resistant infectious keratitis. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of riboflavin-UVA photodynamic inactivation on viability, apop- tosis and activation of human keratocytes in vitro. Primary human keratocytes were isolated from human corneal buttons and cultured in DMEM/Ham＇s F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum. Keratocytes underwent UVA light illumination （375 nm） for 4.10 minutes （2 J/cm2） during exposure to different concentrations of riboflavin. Twenty-four hours after treatment, cell viability was evaluated photometrically, whereas apoptosis, CD34 and alpha-smooth muscle actin （α-sMA） expression were assessed using flow cytometry. We did not detect significant changes in cell viability, apoptosis, CD34 and α-sMA expression in groups only treated with riboflavin or UVA light. In the group treated with riboflavin-UVA-photodynamic inactivation, viability of keratocytes decreased significantly at 0.1% riboflavin （P〈0.01） while the percentage of CD34 （P〈0.01 for both 0.05% and 0.1% riboflavin） and alpha-sMA positive keratocytes （P〈0.01 and P〈0.05 for 0.05% and 0.1% riboflavin, respectively） increased significantly compared to the controls. There was no significant change in the percentage of apoptotic keratocytes compared to controls at any of the used ribo- flavin concentrations （P=0.09 and P=0.13）. We concluded that riboflavin-UVA-photodynamic-inactivation decreases viability of myofibroblastic transformation and multipotent haematopoietic stem cell transformation; however, it does not have an impact on apoptosis of human keratocytes in vitro.

关键词： crosslinking human keratocytes viability apoptosis a-sMA CD34

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statins in risk-reduction and treatment of cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第8期11卷 573-588页

作者： Cristina I Barbalata Lucia R Tefas Marcela achim Ioan Tomuta Alina s Porfire Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy“Iuliu-Hatieganu”University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj-Napoca 400012Romania

statins,which are competitive inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutarylcoenzyme A reductase,reduce cholesterol blood levels and the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and their related *** addition to this main activity,statins show pleiotropic effects such as antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties,with applications in many *** on their antiproliferative properties,in vitro and in vivo studies have investigated their effects on various types of cancer(i.e.,breast cancer,prostate cancer,colorectal cancer,ovarian cancer,lung cancer)with different genetic and molecular *** positive results were obtained,but they were highly dependent on the physiochemical properties of the statins,their dose and treatment *** therapies of statins and cytotoxic drugs have also been tested,and synergistic or additive effects were ***,observational studies performed on patients who used statins for different pathologies,revealed that statins reduced the risk of developing various cancers,and improved the outcomes for cancer ***,there are many ongoing clinical trials aimed at exploring the potential of statins to lower the mortality and the disease-recurrence *** these results are the foundation of new treatment directions in cancer therapy.

关键词： statins Cancer Pleiotropic effects Risk reduction Clinical trials 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase Mevalonate pathway

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