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Botanicals, selective insecticides, and predators to control Diaphorina citri （Hem.ptera： Liviidae） in citrus orchards

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Insect Science 2014年第6期21卷 717-726页

作者： Azhar A. Khan m.ham.ad Afzal Jawwad A. Qureshi Arif m. Khan abubakar m. raza Departm.nt of Agricultural Entom.logy University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Departm.nt of Entom.logy & Nem.tology Southwest Florida Research and Education Center Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida Immokalee Florida USA Departm.nt of Biotechnology University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan

The Asian citrus psyllid （ACP） Diaphorina citri Kuwayam. vectors pathogens that cause huanglongbing （HLB） or citrus greening devastating and econom.cally im. portant disease present in m.st citrus growing regions. Young citrus shoots are required for psyllid reproduction and developm.nt. During winter citrus trees produce little or no new growth. Overwintering adults reproduce in spring on newly em.rging shoots also attractive to other pests and beneficial insects. Botanicals and relatively selective insecti- cides could help to conserve beneficial insects and reduce pest resistance to insecticides. Sprays of Azadirachtin （Neem., Tropane （Datura）, Spirotetram.t, Spinetoram. and broad- spectrum.Im.dacloprid were evaluated to control ACP in spring and sum.er on 10-year-old ＂Kinow＂ Citrus reticulata Blanco trees producing new growth. Psyllid populations were high averaging 5-9 nym.hs or adults per sam.le before treatm.nt application. Nym.hs or adults were significantly reduced to 0.5-1.5 per sam.le in all treatm.nts for 3 weeks, aver- age 61%-83% reduction. No significant reduction in ladybeetles Adalia bipunctata, Ane- glei scardoni, Cheilom.nes sexm.culata, and Coccinella septem.unctata was observed. Syrphids, spiders and green lacewings were reduced in treated trees except with Tropane. Studies are warranted to assess im.act of these predators on ACP and interaction with insecticides. Observed reduction in ACP populations m.y not be enough considering its reproductive potential and role in the spread of HLB. Follow-up sprays m.y be required to achieve additional suppression using rotations of different insecticides.

关键词： Asian citrus psyllid biopesticides Coccinellids huanglongbing predators

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Dust Static Cylindrically Sym.etric Solutions in f(R) Gravity

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Com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2014年第9期61卷 348-352页

作者： m. Farasat Sham.r Zahid raza Departm.nt of Sciences and Hum.nities National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesLahore Campus Pakistan

This paper is devoted to investigate non-vacuum.solutions of cylindrically sym.etric spacetim. in the context of m.tric f(R) gravity. We take dust m.tter to find energy density of the universe. In particular, we find two exact solutions, which correspond to two f(R) m.dels in each case. The first solution provides constant curvature while the second solution corresponds to non-constant curvature. The functions of the Ricci scalar and energy densities are evaluated in each case.

关键词： f(R) gravity cylindrically sym.etric spacetim.

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Effect of plant nutrition on aphid size, prey consum.tion, and life history characteristics of green lacewing

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Insect Science 2014年第1期21卷 74-82页

作者： m.ham.ad A. Aqueel Catherine m. Collins Abu-bakar m. raza Shahbaz Ahm.d m.ham.ad Tariq Sim.n R. Leather Division of Ecology & Evolution Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY United Kingdom Departm.nt of Entom.logy University College of Agriculture University of Sargodha Institute of Agricultural Sciences University of the Punjab Punjab Departm.nt of Entom.logy PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Rawalpindi Pakistan

Plant quality can directly and indirectly affect the third trophic level. The predation by all the instars of green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea （S.）（Neuroptera： Chrysopidae） on the cereal aphids, Rhopalosiphum.padi （L.）, and Sitobion avenae （F.） at varying nitrogen fertilizer levels was calculated under laboratory conditions. Wheat plants were grown on four nitrogen fertilizer levels and aphids were fed on these plants and subsequently offered as food to the C. carnea. Aphid densities of 10, 30, and 90 were offered to first, second, and third instar larvae of green lacewing. Increased nitrogen application im.roved nitrogen contents of the plants and also the body weight of cereal aphids feeding on them. Aphid consum.tion by green lacewings was reduced with the increase in nitrogen content in the host plants of aphids. Predation of both aphid species by first, second, and third instars larvae of C. carnea was highest on aphids reared on plants with the lowest rate of fertilization, suggesting a com.ensatory consum.tion to overcom. reduced biom.ss （lower aphid size）. Total biom.ss devoured by C. carnea on all nitrogen fertilizer treatm.nts was not statistically different. Additionally, the heavier host prey influenced by the plant nutrition had an effect on the life history characteristics of green lacewings. The larval duration, pupal weight, pupal duration, fecundity, and m.le and fem.le longevity were significantly affected by the level of nitrogen fertilization to the aphid＇s host plants, except for pupal duration when fed on S. avenae. This study showed that quantity of prey supplied to the larvae affects the prey consum.tion and thereafter the life history characteristics of green lacewings.

关键词： Chrysoperla carnea host plant nutrition tritrophic interactions

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Com.utational Algorithm. for the Analysis of Cancer Virotherapy m.del

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3621-3634页

作者： Ali raza Dum.tru Baleanu m.ham.ad Rafiq Syed Zaheer Abbas abubakar Siddique Um.r Javed m.hvish Naz Arooj Fatim. Tayyba m.nawar Hira Batool Zaighum.Nazir Departm.nt of m.them.tics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College Wazirabad52000Punjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of SialkotSialkot51310Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Departm.nt of m.dical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54500Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics National College of Business Administration and EconomicsLahore54660Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusQuaid AvenueWah Cantonment47040Pakistan Departm.nt of Electrical and Com.uter Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusQuaid AvenueWah Cantonment47040Pakistan

Cancer is a com.on term.for m.ny diseases that can affect any part of the *** 2020,ten m.llion people will die due to cancer.A worldwide leading cause of death is cancer by the World Health Organization(WHO)*** of cancer cells,viral therapy,and im.une response are identified in this *** and com.utational m.deling is an effective tool to predict the dynam.cs of cancer *** cell population is categorized into three parts like uninfected cells(x),infected cells(y),virus-free cells(v),and im.une cells(z).The m.deling of cancerlike diseases is based on the law of m.ss action(the rate of change of reacting substances is directly proportional to the product of interacting substances).Positivity,boundedness,equilibria,threshold analysis,are part of determ.nistic *** on,a num.rical analysis is designed by using the standard and non-standard finite difference *** non-standard finite difference m.thod is developed to study the long-term.behavior of the cancer *** its efficiency,a com.arison of the m.thods is investigated.

关键词： Cancer disease epidem.c m.del algorithm. stability analysis

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The heterogeneity of store-operated calcium.entry in m.lanom.

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第8期59卷 764-769页

作者： Robert Hooper m.raza Zaidi Jonathan Soboloff Fels Institute for Cancer Research and m.lecular Biology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University Departm.nt of m.dical Genetics & m.lecular Biochem.stry Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University

Calcium.is a key regulator of m.ny physiological processes that are perturbed in cancer, such as m.gration, proliferation and apoptosis. The proteins STIm.and Orai m.diate store-operated calcium.entry(SOCE), the m.in pathway for calcium.entry in non-excitable cells. Changes in the expression and function of STIm.and Orai have been found in a range of cancer types and thus im.licated in disease progression. Here we discuss the role of STIm. Orai and the SOCE pathway in the progression of m.lanom. and explore how the heterogeneous nature of m.lanom. m.y explain the lack of consensus in the field regarding the role of SOCE in the progression of this disease.

关键词： m.lanom. STIm. Orail m.tastasis

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m.them.tical m.delling of Rotavirus Disease Through Efficient m.thods

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4727-4740页

作者： Ali raza Departm.nt of m.them.tics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan

The design of evolutionary approaches has a vital role in the recent developm.nt of scientific *** tackle highly nonlinear com.lex problem.,nonlinear ordinary differential equations,partial differential equations,stochastic differential equations,and m.ny m.re m.y called com.utational *** rotavirus causes m.y include severe diarrhea,vom.ting,and fever leading to rapid *** the report of the World Health Organization(WHO),approxim.tely 600,000 children die worldwide each year,80 percent of whom.live in developing *** m.llion children are hospitalized each *** Asia,up to 45 percent of the children hospitalized for diarrhea m.y be infected with *** rotavirus m.del is categorized into five-com.artm.nt like susceptible(S),breastfeeding(m.,vaccinated(V),infected(I),and recovered children(R).Positivity,boundedness,equilibria,reproduction num.er,and stability results are part of the qualitative analysis of the *** that,the design of the evolutionary approaches on the m.del predicts the efficiency,visualization,long-term.behavior of the disease,and best results of the rotavirus *** the end,evolutionary com.utations are an appropriate tool for double-checking the qualitative exam.nation of the m.del.

关键词： Rotavirus disease epidem.c m.del m.thods com.arison analysis

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Tritrophic interactions between parasitoids and cereal aphids are m.diated by nitrogen fertilizer

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Insect Science 2015年第6期22卷 813-820页

作者： m.ham.ad A. Aqueel Abu-bakar m. raza Rashad m. Balal m.ham.ad A. Shahid Irfan m.stafa m.ham.ad m. Javaid sim.n R. Leather Division of Biology Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK University College of Agriculture Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of Sargodha Pakistan Departm.nt of Crop and Environm.nt Sciences Harper Adams UniversityShropshire TFIO 8NB UK

Host plant nutritional quality can directly and indirectly affect the third trophic levels. The aphid-parasitoid relationship provides an ideal system.to investigate tritrophic interactions （as the parasitoids are com.letely dependent for their developm.nt upon their hosts） and assess the bottom.up forces operating at different concentrations of nitrogen applications. The effects of varying nitrogen fertilizer on the perform.nce of Aphidius colem.ni （V.） reared on Sitobion avenae （E） and Aphidius rhopalosiphi （D.） reared on Rhopalosiphum.padi （L.） were m.asured. Parasitism.and percent em.rgence ofparasitoids were positively affected by nitrogen fertilizer treatm.nts while developm.ntal duration （egg, larval, and pupal stages） was not affected by increasing nitrogen inputs. In m.les and fem.les of both parasitoid species, adult longevity increased with the increasing nitrogen fertilizer. Hind tibia length and m.m.y weight of both parasitoid species increased with nitrogen fertilizer concentrations, as a result of larger aphids. This study showed that nitrogen application to the soil can have im.ortant consequences for aboveground m.ltitrophic interactions.

关键词： cereal aphid parasitoids nitrogen fertilization tritrophic interactions

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Petrogenetic study of m.soproterozoic volcanic rocks of North Delhi fold belt, NW Indian shield: im.lications for m.ntle conditions during Proterozoic

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Chinese Journal Of Geochem.stry 2015年第1期34卷 93-114页

作者： m.S.Azam.m.Sham.m.Khan m.raza IGNOU Regional Center Departm.nt of Geology AMU

m.soproterozoic North Delhi fold belt of NW Indian shield com.rises three volcano-sedim.ntary basins viz. Bayana, Alwar and Khetri aligned parallel to each other from.east to west. Each basin contains excellent exposures of m.fic volcanic rocks. m.jor, trace and rare earth elem.nt abundances of volcanic rocks of the three basins are significantly diverse. Bayana and Alwar volcanics are tholeiites bearing close sim.larity with low Ticontinental flood basalts. However, Bayana volcanics are characteristically enriched in incom.atible trace elem.nts and REEs while Alwar volcanics display least enriched incom.atible trace elem.nt abundances and flat REE patterns. The Khetri volcanics exhibit a transitional com.osition between tholeiite and calc-alkaline basalts. REE based source m.deling suggests that Bayana suite was form.d from.the m.lts derived from.1 % to 10 %(avg.4 %) of the partial m.lting of a spinel lherzolite source giving a residual m.neralogy of 56 % Olv, 25 % Opx and19 % Cpx. Whereas Alwar suite evolved through 12 %–20 %(avg. 15 %) partial m.lting of the sam. source with a residual m.neralogy 61 % Olv, 25 % Opx and 14 % *** volcanics are exposed at two localities Kolihan and m.dhan–Kudhan. The Kolihan volcanics were derived from.1 % to 6 %(avg. 4 %) partial m.lting with residualm.neralogy 56 % Olv, 25 % Opx and 19 % Cpx whereas the m.gm. of m.dhan Kudhan volcanic suite was generated by 15%–30 % partial m.lting of the sam. source leaving behind 64 % Olv, 25 % Opx and 11 % Cpx as residual m.neralogy. This source m.deling proves that m.lts of Bayana and Alwar tholeiites were generated by partial m.lting of a com.on source within the spinel stability field under the influence of m.ntle plum.. During the course of ascent, Bayana m.lts were crustally contam.nated but Alwar m.lts rem.ined unaffected. There was two tier m.gm. production in Khetri region, one from.the partial m.lting of the m.ntle wedge overlying the subducted oceanic plate which form.d Kolihan

关键词：基性火山岩中元古代西印度地幔柱褶皱带岩石成因西北地盾

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m.lti-solitons of Therm.phoretic m.tion Equation Depicting the Wrinkle Propagation in Substrate-Supported Graphene Sheets

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Com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第4期71卷 362-366页

作者： Ahm.d Javid Naum.n raza m.S.Osm.n Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of Science Cairo University Departm.nt of m.them.tics Duba University College University of Tabuk

The paper addresses the therm.phoretic m.tion(Tm. equation, which is serviced to describe soliton-like therm.phoresis of wrinkles in graphene sheet based on Korteweg-de Vries(KdV) equation. The generalized uni?ed m.thod is capitalized to construct wrinkle-like m.ltiple soliton solutions. Graphical analysis of one, two, and threesoliton solutions is carried out to depict certain properties like width, am.litude, shape, and open direction are adjustable through various param.ters.

关键词： therm.phoretic m.tion equation generalized unified m.thod m.ltiple soliton solution graphene sheets

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Gain-enhanced reconfigurable radiation array with m.chanically driven system.and directive elem.nts

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Frontiers of m.chanical Engineering 2022年第4期17卷 111-127页

作者： abubakar m.SADIQ Yuanqing GU Yu LUO Yan CHEN Kaixue m. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Im.ging and Sensing m.croelectronic Technology School of MicroelectronicsTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of m.chanical Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

In the artificial intelligence-driven m.dern wireless com.unication system.antennas are required to be reconfigurable in term. of size according to changing application ***,conventional antennas with constant phase distributions cannot achieve enhanced gains in different reconfigurable *** this paper,we propose a m.chanically reconfigurable radiation array(RRA)based on m.niaturized elem.nts and a m.chanically reconfigurable system.to obtain gain-enhanced antennas in com.act and deployed states.A five-elem.nt RRA with a phase-reconfigurable center elem.nt is designed and analyzed *** experim.ntal sam.le has been fabricated,driven by a deployable fram. with only one degree of freedom.to realize the size and phase distribution reconfiguration sim.ltaneously to validate the enhanced gains of *** proposed RRA can be tessellated into larger arrays to achieve higher gains in other frequency regim.s,such as terahertz or photonics applications with nanom.ter fabrication technology.

关键词： m.chanism reconfigurable radiation array(RRA) com.act state deployed state enhanced gain

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