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改革国家体制:从结构调整方案到基于结果的管理——喀麦隆20年行政改革的经验教训

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国际行政科学评论（中文版） 2020年第3期86卷 141-158页

作者：拉乌尔·塔姆库刘军仪(译) 熊缨(审校) Nur Barizah abu bakar 蒙特利尔大学公共管理高级学院中国人事科学研究院不详 International Islamic University Malaysia academic trainee

从社会历史的角度出发,本文着眼于喀麦隆的行政改革发展历程。通过分析自20世纪80年代末以来进行的行政改革的机制和过程,该研究指出了喀麦隆国家行政改革轨迹的规律性特征。本文分为3个部分:第一部分介绍了本研究选择的分析方法;第二... 详细信息

从社会历史的角度出发,本文着眼于喀麦隆的行政改革发展历程。通过分析自20世纪80年代末以来进行的行政改革的机制和过程,该研究指出了喀麦隆国家行政改革轨迹的规律性特征。本文分为3个部分:第一部分介绍了本研究选择的分析方法;第二部分介绍了喀麦隆进行的各种改革,并对主要改革计划进行了概述;第三部分总结了从研究中应汲取的教训。

关键词：行政改革喀麦隆轨迹

The Effect of Epoxy Concentration and Fibre Loading on the Mechanical Properties of ABS/Epoxy-Coated Kenaf Fibre Composites

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2015年第2期5卷 41-48页

作者： Hafsat R. Saliu U. S. Ishiaku M. K. Yakubu E. G. Kolawole S. S. Adefila M. B. abu bakar Z. A. Moh’d Ishak Department of Textile Science and Technology Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia

In this work, thermosetting resin, epoxy and fibre loading were used in optimizing the strength at which ABS/epoxy coated kenaf fibre (EKF) composites would perform apparently during mechanical stress. Kenaf bast fibres were resin coated before incorporated into engineering thermoplastic ABS at its processing temperature (230°C), cured in-situ at internal mixer and later compression moulded at 210°C under 65 kg/cm2pressure. The results showed the optimum level of tensile strength with thermoset and fibre loading as well as increase in strong interfacial bonding while the hardness values increased with increasing thermosetting and fibre contents. Both the tensile and flexural modulus apparently increased as the fibre contents increased.

关键词： Thermosetting Resin Kenaf Fibre Engineering Thermoplastic ABS

Demographic, Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of Drug Naive Type 2 Diabetes Patients of Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2021年第8期11卷 145-154页

作者： Shahjada Selim Masud-Un Nabi Mohammad Saifuddin Mohammad Abdul Hannan Muhammed abu bakar Samir Kumar Talukder A. B. M. Kamrul Hasan Mohammad Nurul Amin Md. Azizul Hoque Md. Shahinur Rahman Ahmed Salam Mir Faria Afsana Department of Endocrinology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology Rajshahi Medical College Rajshahi Bangladesh Diabetes & Endocrinology Dhaka Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology North East Medical College & Hospital Sylhet Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology Chattogram Maa O Shishu Hospital Chattogram Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology Rangpur Medical College Rangpur Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology Mymensingh Medical College Mymensingh Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology Mugda Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Endocrinology Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Bogura Bangladesh Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology Pabna Diabetic Association Hospital Pabna Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Endocrinology BIRDEM Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Although the frequencies of getting drug naive type 2 diabetes patients among all the diabetic patients are very low, nowadays it claims more attention in the treatment procedures of drug naive diabetic patients. But in Bangladesh, we have very few research-oriented data regarding the demographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics of drug naive type 2 diabetes patients. The aim of this study was to determine the demographic clinical and biochemical characteristics of drug naive type 2 diabetes patients of Bangladesh. Methods: This was an open label observational real-life study which was conducted in the chambers of the investigators in several places of Bangladesh as outdoor setting during the period from August 2020 to December 2020. In total, 250 patients with drug naive type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled as the study population. Proper written consents were taken from all the participants before starting data collection. A pre-designed questionnaire was used in patient data collection. All data were processed, analyzed and disseminated by MS Office and SPSS version as per need. Result: Two hundred and fifty (250) participants were selected as study population. The male-female ratio of the participants was 1.4:1. The highest number of participants was from 51 - 60 years’ age group (31.20%). The highest number of participants (41%) was with overweight (BMI: 25 - 30 kg/m2). Majority (65%) of the patients of this study suffered from diabetes for ≤5 years. The mean (±SD) SBP of the participants was 137.25 ± 17.50 mmHg and the mean (±SD) DBP of the participants was 85.16 ± 13.39 mmHg. We found the mean (±SD) fasting blood sugar (mg/dl), post prandial blood sugar (mg/dl), total cholesterol (mg/dl), triglycerides (mg/dl), HDL-Cholesterol (mg/dl), LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl), VLDL-cholesterol (mg/dl), uric acid (mg/dl), creatinine (mg/dl), urea (mg/dl), total bilirubin (mg/dl), direct biliru

关键词： Demographic Biochemical Clinical Characteristics Drug Naive Type 2 Diabetes Bangladesh

Preparation of Layered Double Hydroxide-Immobilized Lipase for High Yield and Optically Active (-)-Menthyl butyrate

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2007年第5期46卷 778-页

作者： Siti Salhah Othman Mahiran Basri Mohd.Zobir Hussein Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abdul Rahman abu bakar Salleh Salina Mat Radzi Azwani Sofia Ahmad Khiar Food Biotechnology Programme Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia

1 Results Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) finds extensive usage in the areas of pharmaceutical sciences and catalysis. In this study, a member of the LDH family, Mg/Al-hydrotalcite (HT), or the so-called anionic clay, was prepared at ratio 4 (HT) by co-precipitating through continuous agitation. X-ray diffraction pattern and thermogravimetric analysis of the material indicated that a pure HT had been successfully synthesized. This matrix was then used as support in the immobilization of lipase from Cand...

关键词： LDH-lipase hydrotalcite candida rugosa enantioselective esterification (±)-menthylbutyrate

National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1018-1042页

作者： Faisal Saud Dar Zaigham Abbas Irfan Ahmed Muhammad Atique Usman Iqbal Aujla Muhammad Azeemuddin Zeba Aziz abu bakar Hafeez Bhatti Tariq Ali Bangash Amna Subhan Butt Osama Tariq Butt Abdul Wahab Dogar Javed Iqbal Farooqi Faisal Hanif Jahanzaib Haider Siraj Haider Syed Mujahid Hassan Adnan Abdul Jabbar Aman Nawaz Khan Muhammad Shoaib Khan Muhammad Yasir Khan Amer Latif Nasir Hassan Luck Ahmad Karim Malik Kamran Rashid Sohail Rashid Mohammad Salih Abdullah Saeed Amjad Salamat Ghias-un-Nabi Tayyab Aasim Yusuf Haseeb Haider Zia Ammara Naveed Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Dr.Ziauddin University HospitalKarachi 75600SindhPakistan University of Aberdeen Aberdeen B243FXUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Radiology Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Oncology Hameed Latif HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Division of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplantation Shifa International HospitalIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Shaikh Zayed Hospital and Post Graduate Medical InstituteLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Liver Transplant Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Medicine&Gastroenterology Lifecare Hospital and Research CentrePeshawar 25000Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver Transplant Bahria International HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Surgery Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver TransplantDow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology&NutritionPir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Oncology Dr.Ziauddin HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Radiology Rehman Medical InstitutePeshawar 25000Pakistan Army Liver Transplant Unit Pak Emirates Military HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 75500Pakistan Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer Clinic Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer ClinicRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroentero

A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26,2023,at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research Centre(PKLI&RC)after initial consultations with the *** Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases(PSSLD)and PKLI&RC jointly organised this *** effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma(hCCA).The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these *** coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective *** diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and magnetic resonance *** cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for ***,histopathologic confirmation is not always required before *** ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for *** only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette *** patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver *** chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of *** use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary *** with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary *** chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA.

关键词： Hilar cholangiocarcinoma Bismuth-Corlette classification Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre Staging Preoperative biliary drainage Portal vein embolisation Surgical resection Hepatectomy

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议会政策评估:利益集团的催化作用

国际行政科学评论（中文版） 2020年第1期 107-125页

作者：弗雷德里克·瓦罗内皮尔明·本迪罗伊·加瓦刘军仪(译) 张锐昕(审校) Nur Barizah abu bakar 日内瓦大学伯尔尼大学不详 International Islamic University Malaysia academic trainee

议员(MP_(s))要求进行政策评估并使用评估结论为立法提供依据和督促政府履责。由于大多数民选议员与利益集团联系紧密,人们可能会怀疑这些特权关系是否会影响议员的议事行为。本研究调查议员加入利益集团会如何影响他们对政策评估的需... 详细信息

议员(MP_(s))要求进行政策评估并使用评估结论为立法提供依据和督促政府履责。由于大多数民选议员与利益集团联系紧密,人们可能会怀疑这些特权关系是否会影响议员的议事行为。本研究调查议员加入利益集团会如何影响他们对政策评估的需求。实验证据表明,在不考虑所属政党或个人特征的情况下,议员在其与利益集团联盟的政策领域提出评估需求的可能性更高。即使在控制议员政策专业化的传统措施,比如立法委员会成员资格之时,这一结果仍然有效。这些发现表明,在解释议员在不同政策领域的议事行为时,应考虑他们与特定类型的利益集团之间的联系。

关键词：公民团体经济团体评估政策领域