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Asymmetric reversible structural switching of a diene coordination polymer promoted by UV-visible light

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 536-541页

作者： Yong Wang Qiaoqiao Zhang Yong-Yong Cao Qi Liu Brendan F.abrahams Jian-Ping Lang College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and MaterialsSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China College of Biological Chemical Science and EngineeringJiaxing UniversityJiaxing314001China School of Chemistry University of MelbourneVictoria3010Australia

In natural and artificial systems,reversible reactions are commonly asymmetric with respect to the time scale and nature of the stimuli which drive the forward and backward *** applications for which switching behavior is required,it is desirable that the reversible reaction goes as close to symmetric as possible;however,such systems are ***,we report an example of ultraviolet(UV)-visible light-regulated asymmetric reversible structural switching involving a diene-based coordination polymer,CP1 and its monocyclobutane product,*** is possible to cycle at least ten times through a forward [2+2] photocycloaddition reaction and the reverse,photocleavage reaction.A single cycle can be completed within a few *** transformation is accompanied by fast and distinct fluorescence changes,arising from optimisation of the reaction *** functional theory calculations allow rationalisation of the asymmetric reversible transformation between CP1 and CP1a rather than between CP1 and its dicyclobutane product *** work provides a clear illustration of reversible structural switching which approaches symmetric behaviour with respect to reaction rate and *** insights gained from this work also assist in the design of fast,reversible switching materials.

关键词： asymmetrical reversible structural switching coordination polymer photocycloaddition UV-visible light-controlled fluorescence switching

Reinvigorating the Wiener-Hopf technique in the pursuit of understanding processes and materials

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National Science Review 2021年第2期8卷 11-13页

作者： David abrahams Xun Huang Anastasia Kisil Gennady Mishuris Michael Nieves Sergei Rogosin Ilya Spitkovsky IsaacNewtonInstituteforMathematicalSciences CollegeofEngineering PekingUniversity DepartmentofMathematics UniversityofManchester DepartmentofMathematics AberystwythUniversity SchoolofComputingandMathematics KeeleUniversity FacultyofEconomics BelarusianStateUniversity ScienceandMathematics NewYorkUniversityAbuDhabi

The Wiener-Hopf(WH) method was created in 1931, by Norbert Wiener and Eberhard Hopf, to deliver exact solutions to integral equations with convolutiontype kernels on a half-line. It appears that this problem is closely related to that posed by Riemann in 1857 on the problem concerning the construction of a Fuchsian system of differential equations with given singular points and a prescribed monodromy group. This later became known as the 21 st Hilbert problem. The WH method is a powerful and long-standing tool that served as a catalyst in broadening the applicability of Fourier analysis, owing to the essential characteristics of analytic functions. Employing the Fourier transform(FT) to the integral equation leads to a RiemannHilbert(RH) problem on the real axis:

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Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management: Five Years into Implementation of the Sendai Framework

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第2期11卷 206-217页

作者： Natalie Wright Lucy Fagan Jostacio MLapitan Ryoma Kayano Jonathan abrahams Qudsia Huda Virginia Murray Global Public Health Public Health EnglandLondon SE18UGUK Disaster Risk Management and Resilience Unit Health Security Preparedness DepartmentWorld Health OrganizationGeneva 1211Switzerland WHO Centre for Health Development(WHO Kobe Centre) KobeHyogo 651-0073Japan

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recognizes health at the heart of disaster risk management(DRM)at the global policy *** years on,it has catalyzed the rapid development of the field of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management(Health EDRM)by providing a mandate for building partnerships as well as enhancing scientific *** milestones achieved include publication of the World Health Organization’s Health EDRM Framework,development of the WHO Thematic Platform for Health EDRM and the WHO Health EDRM Research Network,and further application of health information principles to ***,health actors at all levels have continued to engage in the Sendai Framework processes and have had a key role in its implementation and proposed *** have been significant gains made through the partnership of health and DRM,but the relationship has not been without its *** national,regional,and global initiatives continue to operate with a lack of consistency and of linkages to respond to the Sendai Framework’s call for embedding health resilience in DRM,and conversely,embedding DRM in health *** this hurdle is important,and doing so will be a key marker of success of the next 10 years of partnership under the Sendai Framework.

关键词： Data collection Disaster risk management Health emergencies Research networks Sendai Framework

Exploring effort-reward imbalance and professional quality of life among health workers in Cape Town,South Africa:a mixed-methods study

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Global Health Research and Policy 2022年第1期7卷 524-539页

作者： N.Jensen C.Lund Z.abrahams Department of Global Health and Social Medicine King’s College LondonLondonUK Health Service and Population Research Department Centre for Global Mental HealthInstitute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s Global Health InstituteKing’s College LondonLondonUK Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa

Background:In the context of a growing appreciation for the wellbeing of the health workforce as the foundation of high-quality,sustainable health systems,this paper presents findings from two complementary studies to explore occupational stress and professional quality of life among health workers that were conducted in preparation for a task-shifting intervention to improve antenatal mental health services in Cape ***:This mixed-methods,cross-sectional study was conducted in public sector Midwife Obstetric Units and associated Non-Profit Organisations in Cape ***-structured interviews and a quantitative survey were conducted among facility-and community-based professional and lay health *** survey included demographic as well as effort-reward imbalance(ERI)and professional quality of life(PROQOL)questionnaires to examine overall levels of work-related psychosocial stress and professional quality of life,as well as differences between lay and professional health *** data was analysed using a thematic content analysis *** data was analysed using STATA ***:Findings from 37 qualitative interviews highlighted the difficult working conditions and often limited reward and support structures experienced by health *** these findings,our quantitative survey of 165 professional and lay health workers revealed that most health workers experienced a mismatch between efforts spent and rewards gained at work(61.1%of professional and 70.2%of lay health workers;p=0.302).There were few statistically significant differences in ERI and PROQOL scores between professional and lay health *** Compassion Satisfaction was high for all health worker groups,lay health workers also showed elevated levels of burnout and compassion fatigue,with community-based health workers particularly ***:Findings of this study add to the existing evidence base on adverse working conditions faced b

关键词： South Africa Health workers Health system strengthening Task shifting Task sharing Community health workers PHC Effort-reward imbalance PROQOL Equity Common mental disorders

Using lean methodologies for economically and environmentally sustainable foundries

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China Foundry 2011年第1期8卷 74-88页

作者： R.M.Torielli R.A.abrahams R.W.Smillie R.C.Voigt Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department The Pennsylvania State University RWS Productivity & Consulting L.L.C.Northville

Lean manufacturing is often seen as a set of tools that reduce the total cost and improve the quality of manufactured *** lean management philosophy is one which targets waste reduction in every facet of the manufacturing business;however,only recently have studies linked lean management philosophies with improving environmental *** studies suggest that lean manufacturing is more than a set of lean tools that can optimize manufacturing efficiencies;it is a process and mindset that needs to be integrated into daily manufacturing systems to achieve *** foundry industry,as well as manufacturing in general,has significant challenges in the current regulatory and political climate with developing an economically and environmentally sustainable business *** manufacturing has proven itself as a model for both economic sustainability and environmental *** recent studies have shown that both lean and green techniques and "zero-waste" policies also lead to reductions in overall *** these strategies have been examined for general manufacturing,they have not been investigated in detail for the foundry *** paper will review the current literature and describe how lean and green can provide a relevant framework for environmentally and economically sustainable *** of lean and green technologies and techniques which can be applied to foundries in a global context will be described.

关键词： green manufacturing lean manufacturing environmental sustainability pollution control

One-pot pyrolysis synthesis of highly active Ru/RuOx nanoclusters for water splitting

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1020-1026页

作者： Fengyuan Zhu Jiangyan Xue Lingjian Zeng Jingrui Shang Shuanglong Lu Xueqin Cao Brendan F.abrahams Hongwei Gu Jianping Lang College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Chemistry University of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia

Using simple methods to obtain efficient catalysts has been a long-standing goal for *** this work,the employment of a one-pot pyrolysis reaction to achieve molecular confinement,has led to the preparation of ruthenium(Ru)-based nanoclusters in a carbon matrix.A unique feature of the synthetic approach employed is that solvent and substrates were calcined *** solvent evaporates,during calcination,the substrates form a dense solid which has the effect of limiting the aggregation of Ru centers during the carbonization *** catalyst prepared in this simple manner showed an impressively high activity with respect to the hydrogen/oxygen evolution reaction(HER/OER).The Ru nanoclusters(Ru NCs),as the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalysts,require ultralow overpotentials of 5 mV and 5.1 mV at-10 mA·cm^(-2) in 1.0 M KOH,and 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4),***,the catalyst prepared by the one-pot method has higher crystallinity,a higher Ru content and an ultrafine cluster size,which contributes to its exceptional electrochemical ***,the RuO_(x) nanoclusters(RuO_(x) NCs),obtained by oxidizing the aforementioned Ru NCs,exhibited good oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance with an overpotential of 266 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2).When applied to overall water splitting,Ru/RuO_(x) nanoclusters as the cathode and anode catalysts can reach 10 mA·cm^(-2) at cell voltages of only 1.49 V in 1 M KOH.

关键词： pyrolysis ruthenium nanoclusters ruthenium dioxide nanoclusters hydrogen evolution reaction oxygen evolution reaction overall water splitting

Be Practical,Not Perfect Giving your best presentation in a non-native language

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第12期 32-33,49页

作者： Matt abrahams 不详

For most of us,presenting confidently and clearly in our native language is hard *** communicating in another language is marked by unique challenges and opportunities for ***,there are steps that can help speakers feel less anxious and be more authentic and successful in their communication,even when presenting in their non-native language.

关键词： speakers authentic Perfect

A hybrid catalyst for efficient electrochemical N_(2)fixation formed by decorating amorphous MoS_(3)nanosheets with MIL-101(Fe)nanodots

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第5期65卷 885-891页

作者： Wan-Ying Xu Cong Li Fei-Long Li Jiang-Yan Xue Wei Zhang Hongwei Gu Brendan F.abrahams Jian-Ping Lang College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China School of Materials Engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500China School of Chemistry University of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia

Metal-organic frameworks possessing relatively large pores,high surface areas,and unsaturated metal sites are attractive materials for use as electrocatalysts in the reduction of N_(2)to NH_(3).In this work,a MIL-101(Fe)/MoS_(3)hybrid catalyst,prepared by using a precursor-transformation strategy,is shown to be an effective electrocatalyst for the N_(2)reduction reaction(NRR).Under solvothermal conditions,micro-sized octahedral MIL-101(Fe)precursors are converted into ultra-small nanodots,while amorphous MoS_(3)derived from(NH_(4))_(2)MoS_(4)provides a surface suitable for anchoring the MIL-101(Fe)*** asprepared composite exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity and durability for the NRR with a Faraday efficiency of 36.71%and an NH_(3)yield of 25.7μg h^(-1)mg_(cat)^(-1)at-0.1 V *** in 0.1 M *** results show that the dispersion and adherence of MIL-101(Fe)nanodots on amorphous MoS_(3)improves the exposure of active centers and aids mass transfer,resulting in greatly enhanced catalytic activity and stability.

关键词： nitrogen reduction reaction MIL-101(Fe)nanodots amorphous MoS_(3) precursor-transformation hybrid electrocatalysts

Temperature-dependent chloride-mediated access to atom-precise silver thiolate nanoclusters

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第6期65卷 1094-1099页

作者： Ling Yang Xin-Yao Wang Xiao-Yan Tang Meng-Yi Wang Chun-Yan Ni Hong Yu Ying-Lin Song Brendan F.abrahams Jian-Ping Lang College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China School of Materials Engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu215500China School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou215006China School of Chemistry University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria3010Australia

By using a unique temperature-dependent,chloride-mediated approach,two atom-precise silver nanoclusters[Cl@Ag_(14)(Tab)_(12)-(C_(5)H_(4)NCl)_(12)](PF_(6))_(13)(Cl@Ag_(14))and[Cl_(3)@Ag_(24)(Tab)_(20)(C_(5)H_(4)NCl)_(11)]Cl(PF_(6))_(20)(Cl_(3)@Ag_(24))(Tab=4-(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolate,C_(5)H_(4)NCl=3-chloropyridine)were obtained ***,the number of chloride ions encapsulated inside the Ag-S shell could be regulated by the slow dissolution of almost insoluble KCl at various *** inclusion of additional core chloride ions results in the expansion of the surrounding Ag-S *** article provides a promising synthetic approach for controlling the number of Ag atoms that form a shell around the anionic core,in addition to offering a potential pathway for the introduction of other inorganic anions into silver *** broadly,through the use of related ligands,the synthetic strategy offers scope for generating new families of silver thiolate clusters of varying size and composition.

关键词： temperature-dependent chloride-mediated core expansion silver thiolate nanocluster transformation