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Phosphoric Acid Pretreatment and saccharification of Paper sludge as a Renewable Material for Cellulosic Fibers

Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1573-1591页

作者： samar el-Mekkawi Wafaa abou-elseoud shaimaa Fadel Enas Hassan Mohammad Hassan Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt Cellulose and Paper Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt

Recycling of paper sludge waste is crucial for establishing a sustainable green *** waste contains valuable sugars that can be converted into important chemicals such as ethanol,poly hydroxybutyrate,and lactic ***,the main challenge in obtaining sugars in high yield from paper sludge is the high crystallinity of cellulose,which hinders *** address this,pretreatment using phosphoric acid was optimized using response surface methodology to facilitate cellulose hydrolysis with minimal energy and *** created prediction model using the response surface method considered factors such as acid concentration(ranging from 60%to 85%),consistency(ranging from 4%to 10%),temperature(ranging from 25℃to 80℃),and time(ranging from 0.5 to 4 h).The results revealed that the model’s significant factors affecting the yield were acid concentration,reaction time,temperature,and the product of acid concentration and temperature,while the model’s significant factors affecting the crystallinity were the consistency,the temperature,and their *** results showed that the optimum conditions for pretreatment were using an acid concentration of 64%,temperature of 25℃,consistency of 10%,and time of 30 *** hydrolysis of the conditionally pretreated paper sludge resulted in a weight loss of 42%,compared to only 18%weight loss in non-pretreated paper ***,the optimized conditions led to low levels of furfurals and acetic acid,which are undesirable by-products that can interfere with sugar *** total sugar obtained under the optimized conditions was 0.43 g glucose/g sample(10.46 g/L),while the contents of methyl furfural,furfural,and acetic acid were 21.65,235.7,and 4.57 mg/L,*** study demonstrates the potential of phosphoric acid for pretreatment and hydrolysis of paper sludge,enabling efficient saccharification and the production of sugars with minimal undesired by-products.

关键词： Waste valorization fermentable sugars response surface methodology acid hydrolysis cellulose crystallinity

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pH-indicative Films Based on Chitosan–PVA/sepiolite and Anthocyanin from Red Cabbage: Application in Milk Packaging

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第3期19卷 837-851页

作者： Marya Raji Laila el Foujji Mohamed el Mehdi Mekhzoum Mounir el Achaby Hamid Essabir Rachid Bouhfid abou el kacem qai.s Moroccan Foundation for Advanced science Innovation and ResearchComposites and Nanocomposites CenterRabat Design CenterRue Mohamed El JazouliMadinat El IrfaneRabat10100Morocco Faculty of science Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Et HétérocycliqueUniversity Mohammed V in RabatRabat10100Morocco Materials science and Nano-Engineering Department Mohammed VI Polytechnic UniversityLot 660–Hay Moulay RachidBen Guerir43150Morocco Mechanic Materialsand Composites(MMC)Laboratory of Energy EngineeringMaterials and SystemsNational School of Applied Sciences of AgadirIbn Zohr UniversityAgadir80000Morocco

Biobased smart packaging is been the most interesting research *** this study,pH-sensitive films based on anthocyanin molecules from red cabbage and sepiolite mineral nano-clay as functional additives were *** films were fabricated by casting method of blend polymer Chitosan/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)at two fillers loading(5wt.%and 10wt.%).The structural,morphological,thermal,optical,hygroscopic,and mechanical properties as well as the pH sensitivity of films were *** thermal properties confirm that the amount of the anthocyanin in sepiolite was around 6.4%.The tensile strength and the young’s modulus of produced composites at 10wt.%sepiolite–anthocyanin content was increased to 8.90 MPa and 163 MPa,*** maximum water absorption that the films may absorb was 12.3%.pH sensitivity analysis showed that the smart films change the color by changing the pH level,from pink at pH lower than 6 to yellow at pH higher than ***,the developed pH-sensitive films show band gaps in visible light that make them useful for monitoring milk spoilage.

关键词： smart packaging Anthocyanin Red cabbage pH-sensitive and milk spoilage

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Effect of Filler Content on Flexural and Viscoelastic Properties of Coir Fibers and Argania Nut-shells Reinforced Phenolic Resin Composites

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第6期19卷 1886-1898页

作者： Hala Bensalah Marya Raji Kamal Gueraoui Abdelazziz Khtira Hamid Essabir Rachid Bouhfid abou el kacem qai.s Group of Mechanics and Materials Energy Research CenterFaculty of ScienceMohammed V University in Rabat10100RabatMorocco Composites and Nanocomposites Center Moroccan Foundation for Advanced ScienceInnovation and Research(MAScIR)10100RabatMorocco Mohammed Ⅵ Polytechnic University Lot 660 Hay Moulay Rachid43150Ben GuerirMorocco Group of simulation in Mechanics and Energy Energy Research CenterFaculty of ScienceMohammed Ⅴ University10100RabatMorocco Group of semiconductors and Environmental sensor Technologies Energy Research CenterFaculty of ScienceMohammed V University10100RabatMorocco Mechanic Materials and Composites(MMC) Laboratory of Energy EngineeringMaterials and SystemsNational School of Applied Sciences of AgadirIbn Zohr University80000AgadirMorocco

The characteristics of two different kinds of lignocellulosic materials(vegetable fillers)with two morphologies as Argania nut-shells(ANs)particles and Coir Fibers(CF)were used as reinforcement for phenolic resin(Bakelite)in this work,and the composite are studied as a function of filler types,shape,content(10,20,and 30%***)and manufacturing loading force(1500 and 3000 LBs).Compression molding was used to create the composites,which were then evaluated using scanning electronic microscopy(sEM),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),bending,dynamic-mechanical-thermal and rheological *** morphology of broken samples demonstrates that both fillers are well dispersed and *** fillers are added to the matrix,the flexural characteristics improve,and the optimal values are attained in the case of Argania *** results showed that the kind and shape of the fillers had a direct influence on the dynamic mechanical characteristics of the composites due to the reinforcement's modulus *** was noticed that,the increment of manufacturing loading force decreased the mechanical and dynamical properties of *** optimum properties obtained indicate that the composites can only be manufactured at low manufacturing loading force(1500 LBs).

关键词： Phenolic resin composites Bionic materials Coir Fibers Argania nut-shells Dynamical mechanical properties Rheological properties

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Evaluation of Al and some of Its Alloys as Anode Materials vs γ-MnO_2 as Cathode Material and Ore Produced γ-MnO_2 vs Zn Anode in KOH solution

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2006年第1期22卷 25-30页

作者： A.M.A.Hashem Kh.s.abou-el-sherbini s.Zein el Abedin H.Abbas Inorganic Chemistry Department National Research CentreBehoes StreetDokkiCairoEgypt Physical Chemistry Department National Research CentreBehoes StreetDokkiCairoEgypt

In this study electrochemical performance of Al and some of its alloys （Al-Zn, Al-rvlg and Al-rvln） anodes vs MnO2 cathode were carried out in alkaline solution. The results show that the Al-Zn alloy anode has the best cell capacity among the other alloys. Cell capacity values go in the order Al-Zn〉Al-Mg〉Al〉Al-Mn. This result is probably related to the nature of passive films formed on the surface of the alloys which examined by scanning electron microscopy （sEM）. sEM morphologies of Al and its alloys showed coarse grains of passive films formed on the surface of these anode materials while Al-Mn morphology shows a needle-like structure. electrolytic manganese dioxide （EMD） produced by electrodepositing on platinum anode from liquor resulting from reduction of low grade pyrolusite ore （β-MnO2） by sulfur slag was characterized as cathode in alkaline Zn-MnO2 batteries. Ore produced sample （EMD1） was performed well in comparison with EMD standard （EMD2）（commercial battery grade electrolytic manganese dioxide, TOsOH-Hellas GH-s）. sEM morphology of Zn anode after cell reaction was carried out and showed that Zn anode has fine grains of passive film on its surface.

关键词： electrolytic MnO2 Zn Al Alkaline batteries

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Rapid conversion of cellulose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using single and combined metal chloride catalysts in ionic liquid

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燃料化学学报 2013年第2期41卷 214-222页

作者： Hussein abou-Yousef el Barbary Hassan Philip steele Department of Forest Products Mississippi State University Cellulose & Paper Department National Research CenterDokkiCairoEgypt

Direct conversion of cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) was performed by using single or combined metal chloride catalysts in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(Cl) ionic *** study demonstrated formation of 2-furyl hydroxymethyl ketone(FHMK),and furfural(FF) simultaneously with the formation of *** reaction parameters were addressed to optimize yields of furan derivatives produced from cellulose by varying reaction temperature,time,and the type of metal chloride *** reaction by using FeCl3 resulted in 59.9% total yield of furan derivatives(HMF,FHMK,and FF) from ***3 was the most effective catalyst for selective conversion of cellulose into HMF(35.6%) with less concentrations of FHMK,and *** the yields of furans produced from cellulose could be achieved via reactions catalyzed by different combinations of two metal *** optimization was carried out to produce total furans yield 75.9% by using FeCl3/CuCl2 ***3/CuCl2 was the most selective combination to convert cellulose into HMF(39.9%) with total yield(63.8%) of furans produced from the *** temperature and time of the catalytic reaction played an important role in cellulose conversion,and the yields of *** the reaction temperature could enhance the cellulose conversion and HMF yield for short reaction time intervals(5~20 min).

关键词：化学动力学燃料化学理论 EMIM HMF

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Molluscicidal effect of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica on Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and schistosoma mansoni cercariae

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第1期13卷 35-44页

作者： salwa s.Younis Iman F.abou-el-Naga Khaled H.Radwan Medical Parasitology Department Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute CairoEgypt

Objective:To assess the molluscicidal effect of the eco-friendly green synthesized neem silver nanoparticles(neem-Ag NPs)against Biomphalaria alexandrina,the snail intermediate host for schistosoma mansoni,and their cercaricidal ***:Methanol extracts from neem fruits were used for green synthesis of neem-Ag *** neem-Ag NPs were characterized using UV-visible absorption spectra,dynamic laser light scattering technique,and transmission electron *** potential molluscicidal effect against adult and juvenile Biomphalaria alexandrina and the effect of the sub-lethal concentration on hatching of snail eggs and schistosoma mansoni cercariae were ***:The surface plasmon resonance of neem-Ag NPs showed a sharp absorption peak atλ_(max)=518 nm together with multiple *** hydrodynamic diameter was(77.15±34.53)nm,the polydispersity index(0.338±0.000)and the zeta-potential-14.07 ***,transmission electron microscopy showed that the average size of the nanoparticles was(27±2)*** was evident and a light-colored capping layer could be seen coating the *** snails(LC_(50):0.83 ppm)were more susceptible to neem-Ag NPs than adults(LC_(50):1.07 ppm).In addition,neem-Ag NPs and neem at LC_(50)concentrations inhibited the egg-hatching of snails and showed cercaricidal activity in a time-dependent ***:Neem-Ag NPs have lethal activities against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and their eggs,as well as schistosoma mansoni ***,neem-Ag NPs could be a potential agent to control schistosomiasis.

关键词： Biomphalaria alexandrina Neem schistosoma mansoni Azadirachta indica silver nanoparticles Molluscicide

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Experimental and computational chemical studies on the cationic furanylnicotinamidines as novel corrosion inhibitors in aqueous solutions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第2期28卷 477-491页

作者： Abdelaziz s.Fouda Mohamed A.Ismail Rabab M.abou-shahba Walaa A.Husien Esraa s.el-Habab Ashraf s.abousalem Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceEl-Mansoura UniversityEl-Mansoura 35516Egypt Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityEgypt Quality Control Laboratory Operation DepartmentJOTUNEgypt

The corrosion inhibition action of three newly synthesized furanylnicotinamidine derivatives namely: 6-[5-{4(dimethylamino)phenyl}furan-2-yl]nicotinamidine(MA-1256), 6-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-yl]nicotinamidine(MA-1266), and 6-[5-{4-(dimethylamino)phenyl}furan-2-yl]nicotinonitrile(MA-1250) on carbon steel(C-steel) was investigated in 1.0 mol·L-1 HCl solution by weight loss(WL), potentiodynamic polarization(PP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIs), and electrochemical frequency modulation(EFM)techniques. Morphological analysis was performed on the uninhibited and inhibited C-steel using atomic force microscope(AFM) and Infrared spectroscopy(ATR-IR) methods. The effect of temperature was studied and discussed. Inspection of experimental results revealed that the inhibition efficiency(IE) increases with the incremental addition of inhibitors and with elevating the temperature of the acid media. The adsorption of furanylnicotinamidine derivatives on C-steel follows Temkin’s isotherm. PP studies indicated that the investigated compounds act as mixed-type inhibitors and showed that p-dimethylaminophenyl furanylnicotinamidine derivative(MA-1256) was the most efficient inhibitor among the other studied derivatives with IE reached(95%)at 21 × 10-6 mol·L-1. MA-1266 is highly soluble in aqueous solution and has non-toxicity profile with LC50 N 37 mg·L-1. Thus, MA-1266 can be a promising green corrosion inhibitor candidate with IE N 91% at 21× 10-6 mol·L-1. The experiments were coupled with computational chemical theories such as quantum chemical and molecular dynamic methods. The experimental results were in good agreement with the computational outputs.

关键词： Acid corrosion C-steel Furanylnicotinamidines Green inhibitor Computational chemical methods

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Ameliorative effects of melatonin and zinc oxide nanoparticles treatment against adverse effects of busulfan induced infertility in male albino mice

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BIOCelL 2022年第2期46卷 535-545页

作者： AMOURA M.abou-el-NAGA sHAKER A.MOUsA FAYEZ ALTHOBAITI EMAN FAYAD ENGY s.FAHIM Department of Zoology Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt The Pharmaceutical Research Institute Albany College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesRensselaerUSA Department of Biotechnology Faculty of SciencesTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia

Testicular damage is one of the most hazardous effects as it’s associated with ***(Bu)is a highly toxic chemotherapeutic drug that affects *** male swiss albino mice divided into six groups of 5 animals ***(oral 0.9%saline daily for 75 days);Mel(20 mg/kg/day orally for 30 days);ZnO NPs(5 mg/kg/day *** 30 days);BU(single *** of 40 mg/kg and then left for 45 days);BU+Mel(single 40 mg/kg dose of BU and left for 45 days followed by 20 mg/kg/day Mel for 30 days);BU+ZnO NPs(single dose of 40 mg/kg of BU and left for 45 days,then 5 mg/kg/day ZnO NPs for 30 days).Preparation and Characterization of ZnO *** from testis prepared for ultrastructural investigations using TEM after Masson’s trichrome and toluidine blue *** induced histological and ultrastructural damage of the ***,the present results could be concluded that Mel or ZnO NPs can protect the testicular tissue against ultrastructural alterations induced by BU by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.

关键词： Busulfan Melatonin Zinc oxide nanoparticles Ultrastructure Testis Mice

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Preparation of epoxy resin/rare earth doped aluminate nanocomposite toward photoluminescent and superhydrophobic transparent woods

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第3期41卷 397-405,I0003页

作者： Mehrez E.el-Naggar sami Ullah s.Wageh M.A.Abu-saied Tawfik A.Khattab Dalal Alhashmialameer Manal abou Taleb E.A.Matter Institute of Textile Research and Technology National Research CenterDokkiCairo16221Egypt Research Center for Advanced Materials science(RCAMs) King Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004Abha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004Abha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Polymeric Materials Research Department Advanced Technology and New Materials Research InstituteCity of Scientific Research and Technological Applications(SRTACITY)New Borg El-Arab CityAlexandria21934Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of Science and HumanitiesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-kharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Polymer Chemistry National Center for Radiation Research and Technology(NCRRT)Egyptian Atomic Energy AuthorityNasr CityP.O.Box 7551Cairo11762Egypt Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceDamanhour University22111 DamanhourEgypt

A translucent wooden substrate with long-lasting phosphorescence,high photostability and durability,tough surface,ultraviolet protection,high optical transmittance,and superhydrophobicity was *** long-lasting phosphorescent wooden substrate is able to continue emitting light for extended time ***-modified wood(LMW)was immobilized with a solution of epoxy resin(ER)and rare-earth doped aluminate(REDA)phosphor nanoparticles(NPs).For an improved dispersion of pigment,REDA was synthesized in a nanoscale particle size,and characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)to indicate a particle size of 8-14 *** crystal structure of REDA nanoparticles was also proved by X-ray diffraction(XRD).For an improved production of long-persistent phosphorescent colo rless woods,REDA must be well-dispersed in MAA without *** and emissio n,as well as decay and lifetime spectra were *** morphologies of the wooden substrates with different ratios of REDA were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(sEM),X-ray fluorescence(XRF)analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectra(FT-IR),elemental mapping,and energy-dispersion Xray(EDXA).The phosphorescent woods show changes in color from colorless to green under ultraviolet(UV)irradiation,and to yellowish-green in the dark,as proved by the colorimetric parameters of the CIE Lab *** afterglow wood samples display an absorbance band at 365 nm and two phosphorescent bands at 431 and 520 *** UV shielding,photostability,and hydrophobicity were *** increasing REDA ratio,both static contact and slide angles are found to improve in the ranges of147.6°-163.6°and 9°-14°,*** long-lasting photoluminescence is optimized at a REDA ratio of 8%.The present strategy shows a large-scale production approach of multiple functional woods for many potential applications,such as smart glow in the dark windows and safety signs.

关键词： Translucent wood Rare-earth doped aluminate superhydrophobic Long-lasting light emission Ultraviolet protection

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The Relation between Thermodynamics and Gravitational Constant (<i>G</i>)

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2020年第4期6卷 680-691页

作者： Abed el Karim s. abou Layla Gaza City Palestine

Although many centuries have elapsed since Newton set forth his gravitational law, physics has been unable so far to create an exact theoretical value for the universal gravitational constant (G). Through a simple thought experience (i.e. it may not be possible to perform it), it can be concluded a mathematical formula which links three different physical sciences with each other: mechanics, electromagnetism and thermodynamics in a simple form, it is possible to find an exact value for the gravitational constant using this form. In fact, the importance of this research is that it also tells us more information about the electromagnetic and gravitomagnetic origin of masses, the negative and positive masses (i.e. matter and dark matter), and the smallest possible distance in the universe, which equals 1.0252 × 10sup>-56sup> m.

关键词： Thermodynamics Gravitational Constant electromagnetic Mass Radiation Mass Khromatic Theory

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