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Anaerobic digestion of cyanobacteria and chlorella to produce methane for biofuel

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2012年第3期5卷 68-74页

作者： abiodun O.Jegede Centre for Energy Research and Development Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeOsunNigeria

The methane potentials of cyanobacteria and chlorella have been investigated in eight different lab scale reactors at 25℃for three-day Hydraulic Retention Time(HRT).Autoclavation pre-treatment was applied to the cyanobacteria to aid digestion,while the Chlorella was obtained and digested in powdery *** organic loading rates were 1g VS,2 g VS,3 g VS,4 g VS,5 g VS,6 g VS,7 g VS,8 g VS and 9 g *** production rates increased with increasing loading rates and started declining at loading rate higher than 7 g VS,while the HRT was kept *** highest methane production rates for cyanobacteria and chlorella were(78±25)mL/(L·d)and(100±25)mL/(L·d),respectively,at loading rate of 7 g *** instability occurred at loading rates of 8 g VS and 9 g VS with higher accumulation of methane *** compositions of both feeds were close and the methane production potentials of both biomasses were also close and followed the same trend.

关键词： anaerobic digestion biofuel carbon dioxide(CO2) Hydraulic Retention Time(HRT) methane(CH4) chemical oxygen demand(COD) volatile fatty acids(VFAs)

Molecular Evaluation of Garcinia kolaHeckel Accessions Using RAPD Markers

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2019年第2期9卷 41-51页

作者： Odunayo Joseph Olawuyi Abeeb abiodun Azeez Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit Department of Botany University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria Ibadan Nigeria

The genetic relationships among twenty-five accessions of Garcinia kola using six Random Amplified Polymorphic (RAPD) primers were evaluated in this study. The highest volume of total genomic DNA (2218/μl) was recorded in ON4 from Ikare, while the highest DNA concentration of 1.93 gl was found in OS3 from Ilesa. The highest Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) and gene diversity of 93.77% and 0.94 respectively were revealed by primer OPO2 compared to other primers. The dendogram generated from Unweighted Pair Group with Mean Average (UPGMA) clustering delineated two groups, A and B, consisting of 21 and 4 accessions respectively. This study clearly showed the level of molecular diversity in the accessions and the information provided could be utilized for genetic improvement and conservation of Garcinia kola.

关键词： Molecular Diversity Genetic Relationships RAPD Genetic Improvement and Conservation

Herbs and management of hypertension:Claims,criticism,and challenges

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中西医结合护理杂志(英文) 2023年第3期5卷 216-222页

作者： Oluwakemi Elizabeth ADEOLA Oluwaseyi abiodun AKPOR Oghenerobor Benjamin AKPOR Modupe Motunrayo ADAMOLEKUN Olusola Bolaji ADEWALE Department of Nursing Science Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria Department of Biological Sciences Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria Department of Chemical Science Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria

Hypertension(HTN)is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting over 30%of the adult population globally,with a growing incidence *** article aims to identify the commonly used herbs for HTN treatment and examine their claims,criticisms,and *** further aims to provide useful recommendations regarding the use of herbs for HTN *** complications,such as coronary heart disease,stroke,peripheral vascular disease,vision impairment,and renal failure can result in morbidity and *** high cost of conventional medications,which sometimes may not even be available or easily accessible with their unfavorable side effects as well as taking more than one pill per day,has led hypertensive patients,particularly those in rural areas,to explore alternative treatments such as herbal *** is crucial to determine the different modes of action,doses,safety,and efficacy of herbal remedies used in combination with conventional medications to improve treatment adherence and enhance patient outcomes.

关键词： Challenges claims criticism herbs hypertension

Effect of Extrusion Cooking of White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) and Bambara-Nut (Vigna subterranean) Blend on Some Selected Extrudate Parameters

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第6期2卷 599-605页

作者： Bolanle Oluwatoyin Oluwole abiodun Adekunle Olapade Department of Food Technology University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria.

The effect of thermo-extrusion processing of white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) and bambara nut (Vigna subterranean) on some selected extrudate parameters of residence time, throughput and moisture content were investigated in this study. Both yam and bambara nut were processed into meals of 750 μm and 500 μm respectively. Extrusion was carried out following a three variable response surface methodology using a Box Behnken design. Blend of yam meal and Bambara nut meal at ratio 80:20 respectively was conditioned into 12.5, 15.0 and 17.5% moisture content (dry basis) and allowed to equilibrate for 4 h. Extrusion was carried out on a single screw extruder at 50, 60 and 70 rpm screw speed and 130oC, 140oC and 150oC barrel temperatures. The study revealed that the extrusion time varied between 13.1 and 29.7 sec, throughput varied from 13.3 to 34.4 kg/h and product moisture ranged from 11.1 to 16.8% dry basis). All investigated extrudate parameters were significantly affected (p< 0.05) by the process variables of screw speed, barrel temperature and feed moisture content, and their interactions. The results were indicative that the second order polynomial was adequate to model the dependence of the extrudate parameters of residence time, throughput and moisture content on extrusion variables of barrel temperature, feed moisture content and screw speed.

关键词： Extrusion Cooking Yam Bambara Nut Feed Moisture

Optimization of Blasting Parameters Using Regression Models in Ratcon and NSCE Granite Quarries, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

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Geomaterials 2013年第1期3卷 28-37页

作者： Jide Muili Akande abiodun Ismail Lawal Department of Mining Engineering The Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

This research examines optimization of blasting parameters for economic production of granite aggregates in Ratcon and NSCE quarries located atIbadan,OyoState. Samples were collected from the study areas for the determination of rock density and porosity. Schmidt hammer was used for in situ determination of rock hardness. Uniaxial compressive strength of in situ rock was estimated from the values obtained from Schmidt hammer rebound hardness test and density determined from laboratory test. Blasting data were collected from the study areas for optimization. Multiple regression analysis using computer aided solution SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was used to analyse data obtained from the laboratory test, field test and the study areas. The estimated mean uniaxial compressive strength value of NSCE is 240 MPa and that of Ratcon is 200 MPa and their average densities and average porosities are2.63g/cm3,2.55g/cm3, 1.88% and 2.25% respectively. Eleven parameters were input into the multiple regression analysis to generate the models. Two parameters out of eleven input parameters such as geometric volume of blast (Y1) and number of boulders generated after blasting (Y2) were dependent variables and the remaining nine such as X1 (Drill hole diameter), X2 (Drill hole depth), X3 (Spacing), X4 (Burden), X5 (Average charge per hole), X6 (Rock density), X7 (Porosity), X8 (Uniaxial compressive strength) and X9 (Specific charge) were input as independent variables. The results of the models show that out of the nine independent variables seven of them that is X1 (Borehole diameter), X2 (Borehole depth), X3 (Spacing), X4 (Burden), X5 (Average charge per hole), X8 (Uniaxial compressive strength) and X9 (Specific charge) have significant contribution to the models while X6 (Rock Density) and X7 (Porosity) have insignificant contribution they are therefore automatically deleted by the SPSS. The result of the models developed for the optimization reveals that blas

关键词： Blasting Parameters Optimization Multiple Regression Analysis Schmidt Hammer Uniaxial Compressive Strength Density Porosity Models

Effects of Food Diet Preparation Techniques on Radionuclide Intake and Its Implications for Individual Ingestion Effective Dose in Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2012年第3期2卷 106-113页

作者： Nnamdi Norbert Jibiri Tolulope Hadrat abiodun Radiation and Health Physics Research Laboratory Department of Physics University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

The radioactivity measurements in food crops and their diet derivatives and farm soil samples from Abeokuta, one of the elevated background radiation areas in Nigeria have been carried out in order to determine the concentration levels of natural radionuclides (40K, 226Ra and 232Th). The activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides in the samples were determined via gamma-ray spectrometry using a 76 mm × 76 mm NaI(Tl) detector. Different common food crops representing the major sources of dietary requirements to the local population were collected for the measurements. The collected food crops were prepared into their different derivable composite diets using preparation techniques locale to the population. Using available food consumption data and the activity concentrations of the radionuclides, the ingestion effective doses were evaluated for the food crops and diet types per preparation techniques. For the tuberous food crop samples, the annual ingestion effective doses in the raw and different composite diets were 0.02 - 0.04 μSv and cumulatively 0.04 - 0.05 μSv while in the non-tuberous crops the doses were 0.44 - 0.70 μSv and cumulatively greater than 1 μSv respectively. Results of the study indicate that method of diet preparation is seen to play a major role in population ingestion dose reduction especially for tuberous crops than in non-tuberous crops. The study also showed that more ingestion dose could be incurred in diets prepared by roasting techniques. The result of the study will serve as a useful radiometric data for future epidemiological studies in the area and for food safety regulations and policy implementations in the country.

关键词： Natural Radionuclides Radionuclide Intake Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Food Crops Radiation Effective Ingestion Dose Diet Preparation Techniques

Microbial Assessment of Turkey (Meleagris ocellataL.) and Duck (Anas platyrhynchosL.) Faeces (Droppings) in Akure Metropolis

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第12期4卷 774-779页

作者： Deke Victoria Adegunloye Felix abiodun Adejumo Department of Microbiology Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

This study was carried out to determine the occurrence of bacteria and fungi in populations of turkey and duck faeces. The prevalence of bacteria and fungi in the faeces of domesticated turkey and ducks (Meleagris ocellata and Anas platyrhynchos) in the City of Akure (Nigeria) was investigated. Five different locations were sampled in Akure Metropolis in April for each of turkey and duck faeces using standard microbiological methods. The microbial load for bacteria ranged from 16.23 × 105 to 30.04 × 105 cfu/g and 12.60 × 105 to 46.01 × 105 cfu/g for turkey and duck faeces respectively while the fungal count ranged from 12.38 × 105 to 28.05 × 105 s/g and 10.60 × 105 to 34.09 × 105 s/g for turkey and duck faeces respectively. The following bacteria were isolated from turkey faeces: Azomonas agilis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Sarcina maxima, Thiocapsa lumicola, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., Xanthomonas fragariae and Streptococcus spp. while Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Echerichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Lactobacillus spp., Sarcina maxima, Streptobacillus moniliformis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp and Streptococcus spp. were isolated from duck faces. Bacteria common to both turkey and duck faeces are Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Sarcina maxima, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. The fungal species isolated includes Mucor spp., Cladosporium spp., Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria sp., Candida spp., Fusarium spp., Varicosporium elodea and Penicillium spp. Some of the isolated microorganisms are of major importance in the natural environment as well as food and drug production. It could be concluded that turkey and duck faeces are a potential human health hazard and that accumulation of their droppings may pose a public health risk and can cause illness.

关键词： Assessment Duck Microbial Turkey

Impact of Tooth Surface Loss on the Quality of Life of Patients Seen in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2020年第4期10卷 50-60页

作者： Tunde Ogunrinde Deborah Ajayi Iyabo abiodun-Solanke University of Ibadan/University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria

Background: Tooth surface loss (TSL) is a progressive process arising from erosion, abrasion, attrition or abfraction. It can affect individuals of any age group: children, young adult, adults or the elderly and can compromise the health of individual tooth or the entire dentition leading to poor quality of life of the affected person. Objective: To evaluate the pattern of TSL among dental patients in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital and to assess the impact of TSL on their quality of life. Subjects and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study among patients with TSL in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire was used to obtain information on the impact of TSL on the quality of life of the participants. Data collected were analysed using IBM SPSS version 20. Chi-square test was used to assess association between types of TSL and quality of life of the patients. Level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: One hundred and twenty-five patients (Males = 72;Females = 53) with tooth wear lesions participated in the study. The most common type of tooth surface loss was attrition (40%) followed by abrasion (23.2%). The highest impact of TSL on the quality of life was painful sensation strongly affecting 39 (31.2%) patients. This was followed by problem with chewing. There was no statistically significant relationship between patients’ quality of life and types of tooth surface loss. Conclusion: The most common negative impact of TSL on patient quality of life was painful sensation.

关键词： Quality of Life Pattern Tooth Wear

Influence of Polyphenolic Contents on the Antioxidant Properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract (HSE), Aged Garlic Extract (AGE) and Garlic Tablet (GT) in Vitro

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第6期7卷 417-428页

作者： abiodun Olusoji Owoade Adewale Adetutu Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola Department of Biochemistry Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomosho Nigeria

This study compared the antioxidant properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract (HSE), commercial aged garlic extract (AGE, Kyolic) and garlic tablet (GT). The results indicate that HSE, AGE and GT are effective antioxidant as xanthine/xanthine oxidase generated superoxide ions are significantly inhibited in the presence of 20% (v/v) diethyl ether extract of HSE, AGE and GT by 100%, 66.39% and 18.61% respectively, while uric acid production is not affected byAGEand GT. However, at 2.5% and 5.0% (v/v) reaction volumes,HSEsignificantly inhibits uric acid production by 9.5% and 33.0% respectively, and this suggests that components ofHSEinhibit xanthine oxidase activity while AGE and GT scavenge superoxide. In addition, it is also found that the three extracts scavenge ABTS radical cations in dose-dependent manner. In all cell free assays, HSE is found to be more effective as an antioxidant when compared with AGE and GT under the same experimental conditions. Chromatographic and colorimetric analyses suggest thatHSEhas numerous different types of phenolic compounds with higher amount of phenolic compounds (14.9 mg/g) when compared withAGE(2.8 mg/g) and GT (3.6 mg/g) catechin equivalent respectively. Therefore, the effectiveness of antioxidant activities of these three extracts may be related to their phenolic content.

关键词： Hibiscus sabdariffa Aged Garlic Extract Antioxidants Phenolic Compounds