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Seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 antibodies and evidence of viremia among Nigerian patients with sickle cell anemia

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2013年第4期27卷 272-282页

作者： Bamidele abiodun Iwalokun Senapon Olusola Iwalokun Semande Olufunmilayo Hodonu Biochemistry and Nutrition Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Maternal and Child Health Unit Iru/VI Primary Health Centre (PHC) Department ofBiochemistry Lagos State University

Clinical, biochemical and molecular evidence for the sickle cell anemia （SCA） crisis in Nigerian patients arising from parvovirus b19 infection remains inadequate. This study determined the prevalence and correlates of antiparvovirus b19 antibodies in a population of SCA patients and non-SCA healthy controls in Lagos, Nigeria. In this prospective cross-sectional study, we enrolled 73 confirmed SCA patients from 5 district hospitals in Lagos and 81 sex and age-matched non-SCA healthy controls. Serum sample from each study participant was screened for anti-parvovirus b19 by ELISA and PCR techniques. Standard biomedical assays were also done. Anti-parvovirus b19 IgM and IgG antibodies were detected in 22 （14.3%） and 97 （62.9%） of the 154 sera screened, 13 （17.8%） and 45 （61.6%） in SCA patients; 9 （11.1%） and 52 （64.2%） in non-SCA controls. The overall seronegativity rate was 19.5%. Parvovirus B19 DNA was found in 2 （11.1%） of the 18 IgM seropositive SCA serum samples screened. On the whole, parvovirus b19 infection was more commonly asymptomatic in non-SCA controls but caused significant elevation in liver enzymes in infected SCA patients （P 〈 0.05）. The risk of acute parvovirus b19 infection increased 65 times during unsteady state among the SCA patients. Although no deaths of infected patients were recorded during the study, age below 12 years, hospitalization and overcrowded environment were risk factors for infection. We conclude that parvovirus b19 is common in SCA patients, incurring greater susceptibility to infections.

关键词： parvovirus b19 infection seroprevalence sickle cell anemia

Postoperative pain assessment and management among nurses in selected hospitals in Benin City,Edo State,Nigeria

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中西医结合护理杂志(英文) 2023年第3期5卷 203-209页

作者： Timothy Aghogho EHWARIEME Uzezi JOSIAH Oluwaseun Oluwafunmilayo abiodun Department of Nursing Science School of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of BeninBenin CityEdo StateNigeria Department of Nursing Science Delta State UniversityAbrakaDelta StateNigeria Department of Nursing Science Achievers UniversityOwoOndo StateNigeria

Objective:This study was designed to determine the nurse assessment of postoperative pain and its management in selected hospitals,Benin City,Edo State,*** and Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional survey was *** target population consist of 222 purposely nurses who are in the cadre of nursing officer II to chief nursing officer who works in the various surgical wards/units of the selected health *** data were collected from the participants using the pretested structured questionnaire developed by the ***:Results showed that 66.2%of nurses had a poor level of knowledge on postoperative pain *** McGill Pain Questionnaire was the most used pain assessment tool with a mean score of 2.84 whereas the Dallas Pain Questionnaire was the least used with a mean score of 1.90.“Providing clean,calm,and well-ventilated ward environment”(3.69±0.61)was the most used nonpharmacological method for postoperative pain management,followed by“distraction,relaxation,and guided imagery”(3.52±0.50),“dressing,bandage,splint,and reinforce wound sites postoperatively”(3.39±0.54),and“early ambulation/exercise”(3.20±0.62).The most used pharmacological interventions were“acetaminophen”(3.63±0.55),“topical anesthetic”(2.92±0.62),“nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs”(2.87±0.43),and“mixed opioid agonist-antagonist”(2.56±0.56).Conclusion:There is a poor level of knowledge on postoperative pain assessment among nurses in this study *** is,therefore,pertinent for hospitals to organize continuous in-service training for postoperative pain assessment and management,especially on nonpharmacological approaches among nurses.

关键词： Knowledge nurses postoperative pain assessment postoperative pain assessment tool postoperative pain management

COVID-19 in Nigeria: Why continuous spike in cases?

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第1期14卷 1-4页

作者： Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin Folorunso Oludayo Fasina abiodun Olusola Omotayo Oluwaseun AramideOtekunrin Muhammad Akram Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management Federal University of AgricultureAbeokuta(FUNAAB)Nigeria Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO-ECTAD)Dares Salam14111United Republic of Tanzania Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases University of PretoriaOnderstepoort 0110South Africa Food Security and Safety Niche Faculty of Natural and Agricultural ScienceNorth-West UniversityMmabathoSouth Africa Department of Statistics University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Eastern Medicine Government College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan

***-19 in Africa The global emergence of the novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)in December,2019 became a major turning point in the global health *** at 4th May,2020,the Republic of South Africa,Egypt and Nigeria had 6783,6465 and 2558 confirmed cases of COVID-19,respectively[1].Surprisingly,the number of cases in South Africa has risen to 563598 cases with 10621 deaths,and the number of cases in Egypt has increased to 95666 cases with 5035 deaths while Nigeria has 46867 cases with 950 deaths[2].

关键词： cases Nigeria turning

Optimization of Combustion Characteristics and Fuel Injection Timing of a New Type Dual-Pit Combustor Rotary Engine

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Energy Engineering 2021年第3期118卷 581-603页

作者： Zhongjia Li Jianfeng Pan Hongjun Liu Baowei Fan Wenming Yang abiodun Oluwaleke Ojo School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore119260Singapore

In order to improve the performance of the rotary engine,this paper has designed a new type of dual-pit rotary engine combustion chamber structure,and compares the combustion and emission characteristics with the rotary engine with a traditional combustion *** existence of the dual-pit combustion chamber strengthens the overall vortex intensity in the cylinder,effectively promotes the mixing process of fuel and air in the cylinder,the maximum combustion pressure in the cylinder increased by 8.6%,significantly increases the diffusion combustion speed,and significantly improves the dynamic performance of the rotary *** this basis,the effects of fuel injection timing parameters on fuel distribution,combustion and emission characteristics were *** distribution is more even and dispersed during injection in the later stage of *** the fuel injection timing was 105°BTDC in the middle of the compression phase,the matching effect of fuel distribution law and ignition scheme was the *** the injection timing was 75°BTDC and 85°BTDC in the late compression stage,the mass fraction of NOx remained at a low *** correlation between soot generation and the change of fuel injection timing was *** the injection time was 85°BTDC,the soot generation remained at a relatively high level.

关键词： Rotary engine combustion chamber structure spray combustion characteristics injection strategy experiment and simulation

MHD mixed convective stagnation-point flow of Eyring-Powell nanofluid over stretching cylinder with thermal slip conditions

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第5期26卷 1172-1183页

作者： Hammed abiodun OGUNSEYE Precious SIBANDA Hiranmoy MONDAL School of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Science University of KwaZulu-Natal

The optimal design of heating and cooling systems must take into account heat radiation which is a non-linear *** this study,the mixed convection in a radiative magnetohydrodynamic Eyring-Powell copperwater nanofluid over a stretching cylinder was *** energy balance is modeled,taking into account the non-linear thermal radiation and a thermal slip *** effects of the embedded flow parameters on the fluid properties,as well as on the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate,are *** in many existing studies,the recent spectral quasi-linearization method is used to solve the coupled nonlinear boundary-value *** computational result shows that increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction,thermal radiation parameter and heat generation parameter enhances temperature *** found that the velocity slip parameter and the fluid material parameter enhance the skin friction.A comparison of the current numerical results with existing literature for some limiting cases shows excellent agreement.

关键词： Eyring-Powell model stretching cylinder nanofluid thermal radiation slip effects spectral quasi-linearization method

Insignificant small can still be mighty: Trend of chronic kidney disease in Nigeria

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2021年第4期3卷 141-147页

作者： Oluwaseyi abiodun AKPOR Abigael Oluwaseyi ADEOYE Blessing AWHIN Olaolorunpo OLORUNFEMI Department of Nursing Science College of Medicine and Health SciencesAfe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti State Department of Maternal and Child Health Nursing school of midwiferyUniversity of Benin Teaching HospitalBenin-CityEdo State Department of Medical Surgical Nursing Faculty of Basic Medical ScienceFederal UniversityOye-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria

The global burden of chronic kidney diseases(CKDs)kept increasing,and it is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity rate in most African *** burden of CKD is felt more in developing countries where there is no adequate social security system or health insurance to meet the huge financial demands the disease places on its sufferers and their *** is also noted that this disease affects the economically productive age group unlike in developed countries where the elderly are more *** prevalence of CKD was found to be highly related to age,gender,hypertension,obesity,history of diabetes mellitus,use of herbal medicines,and prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in *** majority of CKD cases were not clinically recognized promptly,mainly because of the lack of patients’awareness about CKD and associated risk ***,health awareness should be intensified by the nurses on lifestyle modification by individuals at risk of CKD,prompt management,good compliance with prescribed medications,avoidance of self-medication,and indiscriminate use of over-the-counter *** addition to that,nurses also need to advocate for regular population screening,and efforts should be made at all levels of care to reduce the negative impact of the disease and complications on the patients.

关键词： Chronic kidney disease management nurses prognosis

Solar Photovoltaics Development in Nigeria: Drivers, Barriers, and Policies

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Energy and Power Engineering 2023年第10期15卷 315-328页

作者： abiodun Adeola Akinola Energy Policy Science Policy Research Unit University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom

Energy access is vital to a nation’s economic growth and its populace’s social well-being. Still, there is a lack of adequate energy in Nigeria, negatively affecting the country’s socio-economic development. Due to the inadequate energy supply, some manufacturing companies shut their operations, and most Nigerians now use backup generators (BUGs) with their attendant health hazards, environmental pollution, and global warming. The need for energy access and a sustainable energy supply through renewable energy (RE) resources necessitates adopting solar photovoltaics (PV) in Nigeria. Studies on Nigeria’s energy accessibility and sustainability are generally on RE development and a few on solar PV applications. This research covers the need for an in-depth analysis of the growth of solar PV in Nigeria, and the research question is: What factors promote or limit the adoption of solar photovoltaics in Nigeria? A method of Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and Thematic Analysis (TA) is employed for the analysis. The research findings are divided into drivers, barriers, and policies. Some identified factors promoting the adoption of solar PV are energy poverty and the urgency to improve electricity supply, the ease of its operation and maintenance, and the Nigerian government’s commitment to clean electricity supply with policy initiatives and increased awareness of solar PV applications. Conversely, some noticed factors mitigating the growth of solar PV are poor tariff systems, dual subsidies of electricity and petroleum, and lack of finance and economic incentives.

关键词： Energy Access Sustainable Energy Renewable Energy Solar Photovoltaics Backup Generators Energy Poverty

Simulation and Acquisition of Endotracheal Intubation Skills by Medical Students—A Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2022年第7期12卷 240-247页

作者： abiodun Oyinpreye Jasper Department of Anaesthesia Delta State University Abraka Nigeria

Introduction: Endotracheal intubation is a vital life-saving skill required by physicians in life-threatening situations in and out of the hospital. Medical students are exposed to these procedures mainly as they rotate through the department of Anaesthesia, in their subspecialty posting in Surgery. In this study, we sought to assess the ease of learning endotracheal intubation by medical students in the skills laboratory using an adult-sized (Laerdal Medical) manikin. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study assessing the ability of medical students at endotracheal intubation during their 12-week rotation in the Anaesthesia Department during their subspecialty posting from August to October 2019 in the Skills Laboratory. An adult-sized manikin (Laerdal Medical) intubating head was used for the study. This was preceded by a detailed lecture and demonstration in the skills laboratory after successful passage of the endotracheal tube and connected to a self-inflating ventilation (Ambou) bag. Adequate chest movement meant proper placement, while the fullness of the stomach meant oesophageal intubation. Results: All the 500 level (45) students in the class were recruited for this prospective study. 30 (66%) had successful endotracheal intubation at the first attempt, 7 (14.4%) at the second attempt, 5 (11.1%) at the third attempt, 2 (4.4%) students at the fourth attempt and 1 (2.2%) had successful endotracheal intubation at the fifth attempt. Attempts were made to reinforce information on the practical procedure by a repeat performance by the instructor after each set of successful attempts was separated from the pack of unsuccessful candidates. In the end, however, we had 100% successful endotracheal intubation, but after 5 attempts by the last medical student. Conclusion: Endotracheal intubation skills can be learned with some level of ease when done after detailed information and training of medical students. More so when not under undue stress and life-thre

关键词： Endotracheal Intubation Medical Students Manikin Skills Laboratory

Traditional medicine use during pregnancy and labor in African context:A scoping review

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2023年第1期5卷 66-72页

作者： Modupe Motunrayo ADAMOLEKUN Oluwaseyi abiodun AKPOR Olaolorunpo OLORUNFEMI Oghenerobor Benjamin AKPOR Department of Nursing Science College of Medicine and Health SciencesAfe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria Department of Medical Surgical/Nursing Federal UniversityOye-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria Department of Biological Science Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria

Traditional medicine(TM)has been more popular among pregnant women worldwide and has played a significant part in maternal health-care services in many ***,herbal preparations,and finished herbal products all contain active substances that are derived from plant parts or other plant components that are thought to have medicinal *** diagnose,prevent,and treat illnesses as well as to enhance general well-being,about 80%of people use a variety of TM,including herbal remedies.A systematic search of Google Scholar and PubMed was performed utilizing an established scoping review framework by Joanna Briggs Institute from January 2012 to December 2022.A consequent title and abstract review of articles published on TM in the African context were *** over 15,000 published studies identified,15 meeting the inclusion criteria were integrated into the following seven categorical themes:prevalence of TM use,source of information on TM use,reasons for use of TM,route of administration,common herbs used in pregnancy and labor,the effect of herbs used in pregnancy and labor,and predictors of use of *** studies reviewed were primarily in the context of an African setting on the use of TM regarding herbal *** all the articles,the highest number of studies was conducted in *** review shows increased use of TM by women during pregnancy and labor with a reported prevalence rate varying from 12%to 60%.However,a decrease in use in the third trimester of pregnancy was *** most frequent source of information on the use of TM was from family and friends,while age,parity,education,and income were factors affecting *** conclusion,the participants do not often disclose the use of TM during their antenatal attendance and the reason for use was accessibility and ***,there is a need for further study on the safety and efficacy of TM use in pregnancy and labor.

关键词： Africa context labor pregnancy traditional medicine