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A review of direct numerical simulations of astrophysical detonations and their implications

Frontiers of physics 2013年第2期8卷 189-198页

作者： Suzanne T. Parete-Koon Christopher R. smith Thomas L. Papatheodore O. e. Bronson Messer National Center for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge USA TN 37831-6354 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleUSA TN 37996-1200

Multi-dimensional direct numerical simulations （DNS） of astrophysical detonations in degenerate matter have revealed that the nuclear burning is typically characterized by cellular structure caused by transverse instabilities in the detonation front. Type Ia supernova modelers often use one- dimensional DNS of detonations as inputs or constraints for their whole star simulations. While these one-dimensional studies are useful tools, the true nature of the detonation is multi-dimensional. The multi-dimensional structure of the burning influences the speed, stability, and the composition of the detonation and its burning products, and therefore, could have an impact on the spectra of Type Ia supernovae. Considerable effort has been expended modeling Type Ia supernovae at densities above 1 ~ 107 ***-3 where the complexities of turbulent burning dominate the flame propagation. How- ever, most full star models turn the nuclear burning schemes off when the density falls below 1 ~ 107 ***-3 and distributed burning begins. The deflagration to detonation transition （DDT） is believed to occur at just these densities and consequently they are the densities important for studying the properties of the subsequent detonation. This work will review the status of DNS studies of detona- tions and their possible implications for Type Ia supernova models. It will cover the development of Detonation theory from the first simple Chapman-Jouguet （C J） detonation models to the current models based on the time-dependent, compressible, reactive flow euler equations of fluid dynamics.

关键词： supernova detonations direct numerical simulations

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Study of the e^+e^- to hadrons via ISR at BABAR

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第6期34卷 660-668页

作者： e.P.Solodov Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics

experimental data from the PeP-II B-factory at 10.6 GeV center-of-mass （c.m.） energy, obtained via initial-state radiation （ISR） with the BABAR detector, are presented. The cross sections for many hadronic processes have been measured from the production threshold to 4-5 GeV of the e^＋e^- c.m. energy. The obtained data allow to study a number of intermediate states and determine the parameters of known resonances and their branching fractions. The exclusive cross section for some number of hadronic sub-processes are presented.

关键词： ISR e^+e^- hadrons BABAR

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A Scalable Testing Framework for Location-Based Services

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第2期24卷 386-404页

作者： Jiang Yu Andrew Tappenden James Miller Michael smith University of Alberta Edmonton T6G 2E1 Canada University of Calgary Calgary T2N 1N4 Canada

A novel testing framework for location based services is introduced. In particular, the paper showcases a novel architecture for such a framework. The implementation of the framework illustrates both the functionality and the feasibility of the framework proposed and the utility of the architecture. The new framework is evaluated through comparison to several other methodologies currently available for the testing of location-based applications. A case study is presented in which the testing framework was applied to a typical mobile service tracking system. It is concluded that the proposed testing framework achieves the best coverage of the entire location based service testing problem of the currently available methodologies; being equipped to test the widest array of application attributes and allowing for the automation of testing activities.

关键词： location based applications location-based services M-commerce software testing

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零油冷对改善压燃式发动机有效热效率的评估

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汽车与新动力 2021年第1期4卷 54-59页

作者： [美]B.DeNTON [美]e.smith [美]J.MIWA [美]D.C.BITSIS 张然治(译) 不详

随着柴油机排放法规的日趋严格,以及对提高发动机整体热效率的期望,对各种燃烧方式进行了研究和研究。获取更高效率的途径之一是减少缸内传热。探索了1种旨在通过提高活塞温度来减少缸内传热的概念。为了提高活塞温度并理想地减少缸内传... 详细信息

随着柴油机排放法规的日趋严格,以及对提高发动机整体热效率的期望,对各种燃烧方式进行了研究和研究。获取更高效率的途径之一是减少缸内传热。探索了1种旨在通过提高活塞温度来减少缸内传热的概念。为了提高活塞温度并理想地减少缸内传热,对零油冷(ZOC)活塞进行了研究。为了研究这1技术,对测试发动机进行了修改,以使其停用活塞油冷,从而可以评估其对诸如有效热效率(BTe)、活塞温度和排放等参数的影响。该发动机配备了用于燃烧分析的缸内压力测量装置,以及用于评估活塞顶温度的活塞温度遥测系统。研究讨论了对发动机进行修改以实现ZOC并进行测试的过程。给出有/无油冷发动机和活塞的遥测数据,以验证油冷对BTe和活塞温度的影响。研究发现,发动机负荷受活塞金属温度的限制。在可能的情况下,停用活塞油冷却,通过减少机油泵的功率需求来减少摩擦。在所测试的发动机转速下,在未超过活塞温度极限的一系列负荷下,BTe改善了1%。在本试验条件下。分析损失减少途径与燃油能量的关系,可知在整个测试负荷范围内,缸内传热均降低了1%。未来研究可将ZOC概念与先进的活塞表面涂层相结合,以降低金属温度,从而扩大可实现高效率目标的转速和负荷范围。

关键词：零油冷活塞压燃式发动机有效热效率改善评估

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Nitrogen Gas Saturation in Karst Springs Varies Throughout the Day

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2023年第2期15卷 23-32页

作者： Molly A. Gross Jill M. Voorhees abigail Semple Domagall Michael e. Barnes Department of Game Fish and Parks McNenny State Fish Hatchery Spearfish South Dakota USA School of Natural Sciences Environmental Physical Science Black Hills State University Spearfish South Dakota USA

This experiment examined the fluctuations in nitrogen gas supersaturation throughout the day in three karst springs (upper, side, and lower) at McNenny State Fish Hatchery, rural Spearfish, Lawrence County, South Dakota, USA. Total gas pressures, oxygen percent saturation, and nitrogen percent saturation were recorded six times/day on eight days over a 26-day period in each of the three springs. Total gas pressure did not vary significantly throughout the day in any of the springs. However, percent oxygen and nitrogen saturation were significantly different throughout the day in all three springs. The highest mean (Se) nitrogen supersaturation value of 118.5 (1.1)% was observed in the lower spring at 07:00. The lowest mean nitrogen supersaturation values were 114.5 (1.1)% at 13:00 in the upper spring, and 114.2 (0.2)% and 113.1 (0.7)% at 15:00 in the side and lower spring, respectively. At 118% nitrogen supersaturation, gas bubble disease is likely to occur in fish, resulting in potentially high levels of mortality if untreated spring water was used for fish production. The results of this study indicate the importance of recording nitrogen gas levels at sunrise or early in the morning, when nitrogen is highest and oxygen is lowest, to obtain accurate and reproducible data.

关键词： Karst Springs Aquifer Gas Supersaturation Nitrogen Aquaculture

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Brown Trout Redd Locations in the Northernmost Section of Spearfish Creek in Spearfish, South Dakota, USA

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Natural Resources 2022年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： Michael J. Robidoux Jill M. Voorhees abigail Domagall Michael e. Barnes South Dakota Department of Game Fish and Parks McNenny State Fish Hatchery Spearfish South Dakota USA School of Natural Sciences Environmental Physical Science Black Hills State University Spearfish South Dakota USA

Salmonid fish are known to reproduce throughout the Black Hills in South Dakota, however, it is not known when or where they are spawning or how successful their spawning is. This study documented for the first-time brown trout (Salmo trutta) redd locations and redd construction timing in a 1.6 km reach of Spearfish Creek, within the northern most part of the city of Spearfish, South Dakota, USA in 2020. Redds were first observed on October 13, 2020, with observations continuing until November 17 when no new redds were spotted. Redd construction peaked during the first week of November, with 52 observed. A total of 146 redds was recorded over the course of the study, resulting in a density of 91 redds/km. This is the first study to document redds in this section of Spearfish Creek. These observations will allow for comparisons to future spawning activity which may be impacted by the increased urbanization likely along this section of the creek. Hopefully, e="font-family:Verdana;">This study can also guide future research and habitat projects throughout this section of Spearfish Creek, and potentially throughout this region.

关键词： Brown Trout Redds Spawning Spearfish South Dakota

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Criminal justice in America George F. Cole, Christopher e. smith

Criminal justice in America George F. Cole, Christopher E. S...

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2005年

作者： George F. Cole Christopher e. smith

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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CHARACTeRIZATION OF eFFICIeNT SOLUTIONS FOR MULTI-OBJeCTIVe OPTIMIZATION PROBLeMS INVOLVING SeMI-STRONG AND GeNeRALIZeD SeMI-STRONG e-CONVeXITY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2008年第1期28卷 7-16页

作者： e.A.Youness Tarek emam Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Education in SuezSuez Canal UniversitySuezEgypt

The authors of this article are interested in characterization of efficient solutions for special classes of problems. These classes consider semi-strong e-convexity of involved functions. Sufficient and necessary con... 详细信息

关键词： Multi-objective optimization problems semi-strong e-convex efficient solutions properly efficient solutions

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MORe THAN A MANNeQUIN The models of Guangzhou

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城市漫步（GBA版） 2014年第6期 20-21页

作者： S.e.smith 不详

If you've been in the City long enough,chances are you've noticed an increasing number of willowy individuals strutting the *** week,another wave of foreigners breaks over *** behind more and more lean and lissome bod... 详细信息

关键词： beautiful Guangzhou enough

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惠灵顿地区的强震复发周期

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世界地震译丛 1993年第5期24卷 1-11页

作者： smith,e 金学申

１．在惠灵顿地区，估计应变已以大板块运动的理论所预期的速率积累起来，总的累积运动在东西方向为４０－５０ｍｍ／ａ。２．该地区主要走滑断层的平均水平滑动速率占平行于断层走向的板块运动的９０％以上，大约为３０－３５ｍｍ／ａ... 详细信息

１．在惠灵顿地区，估计应变已以大板块运动的理论所预期的速率积累起来，总的累积运动在东西方向为４０－５０ｍｍ／ａ。２．该地区主要走滑断层的平均水平滑动速率占平行于断层走向的板块运动的９０％以上，大约为３０－３５ｍｍ／ａ。我们推断该地区过去所有的走滑大地震（≥７．５级）都发生在这些断层上，未来不将发生在它们之上。３．浅源逆断层地震的运动仅仅占垂直于断层上，未来还将发生在我们推测。

关键词：地震强震复发周期惠灵顿地区

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