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Suitability of Foumban Clays (West Cameroon) for Production of Bricks and Tiles

Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2018年第2期6卷 244-256页

作者： abiba mefire nkalih Pascal Pilate Rose Fouateu Yongue André Njoya Nathalie Fagel Laboratory of Clays Geochemistry and Sedimentary Environments (AGEs) Department of Geology University of Liège Quartier Agora Liège Belgium Laboratory of Applied Geology-Metallogeny Department of Earth Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Belgian Ceramic Research Center Mons Belgium Fine Arts Institute of Foumban University of Dschang Foumban Cameroon

Particle size analysis, Atterberg limits, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and firing tests were used to determine physico-chemical, mineralogical and technological characteristics of residual lateritic (K1M, Ma2) and alluvial (KB3, KG3) clays from Foumban (West-Cameroon). For technological properties, the samples were pressed and fired over a temperature range of 900°C - 1200°C to determine the open porosity, linear shrinkage, bulk density and compressive strength. Kaolinite (31% - 65%) and quartz (35% - 50%) are dominant in Foumban clays with accessory K-feldspar, plagioclase, illite, smectite, rutile, and goethite. But their proportion changes from one sample to another, having a significant effect on the behaviour of the clay materials: highest proportion of quartz (50%) in sample K1M;relative high feldspars (20%) and illite contents (10%) in KB3 and MA2;high smectite content in KG3 (up to 20%). Chemical analyses indicate high SiO2 (49% - 77%) and low Al2O3 (14% - 23%) contents in the four samples, with comparatively low contents of iron oxides (4% - 7% in samples KB3 and KG3, 2.5% in MA2 and ~1.5% in sample K1M). The particle size distribution of the alluvial clays (KG3 and KB3) differs considerably: 7% to 37% of clay fraction, 20% to 78% of silt, and 15% to 58% of sand, while residual clays (K1M and MA2) present on average 12% of clay, 51% of silt and 37% of sand. Two raw clays (KB3 and MA2) can be used for bricks/tiles production without beneficiation or addition. K1M requires some flux addition to decrease the sintering temperature while KG3 presents poor properties due to the combined occurrence of smectite and a high clayey fraction (37%). Such mineralogical composition is responsible for very high plasticity (PI: 50), high shrinkage (LS: 5% - 16%), low porosity (OP: up to 21%) and high flexural strength (FS: 16 - 23 N/mm2) above 1050°C. This last clay is therefore less appropriate for bricks and roofing tiles production since degreasers must

关键词： Clay Materials Ceramic Properties Physical Characterization Bricks Tiles Cameroon

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