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Prognostic non-invasive biomarkers for all-cause mortality in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第5期14卷 1025-1037页

作者： Nicole Cianci Mohsan Subhani Trevor Hill Amardeep Khanna Dong Zheng abhishek sheth Colin Crooks Guruprasad P Aithal NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of OxfordOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Nottingham Digestive Diseases NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the University of Nottingham Nottingham NG72UHUnited Kingdom King’s Liver Transplant Unit King's College HospitalLondon SE59RSUnited Kingdom NIHR Biomedical Research Center Freeman Hospital and Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE77DNUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom School of Medicine Queen Mary University LondonLondon E14NSUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)represents a growing public health concern,with patients having higher risk of morbidity and *** has a considerably high prevalence in the general population,estimated 20%-40%in Europe,and is asymptomatic until late in the disease *** is therefore important to identify and validate tools that predict hard outcomes such as mortality for use in clinical practice in risk-stratifying NAFLD *** To evaluate available evidence on the use of non-invasive test(s)as prognostic factors for mortality in *** We performed electronic searches of Medline and EMBASE(Ovid)until 7^(th)January 2021 of studies in NAFLD *** markers included serum biomarkers,non-invasive scoring systems,and non-invasive *** population included all spectrums of disease severity,including NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Outcomes included all-cause,and cardiovascular *** non-invasive tests were synthesised in a narrative systematic ***,we conducted a meta-analysis of non-invasive scoring systems for predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality,calculating pooled hazard ratios and 95%confidence(STATA 16.1).RESULTS Database searches identified 2850 studies-24 were included.16 studies reported non-invasive scoring systems,10 studies reported individual biomarkers,and 1 study reported imaging modalities.4 studies on non-invasive scoring systems(6324 participants)had data available for inclusion in the *** non-invasive scoring system that performed best at predicting all-cause mortality was NAFLD fibrosis score(NFS)[pHR 3.07(1.62-5.83)],followed by fibrosis-4 index[pHR 3.06(1.54-6.07)],BARD[pHR 2.87(1.27-6.46)],and AST to platelet ratio index[pHR 1.90(1.32-2.73)].NFS was also prognostic of cardiovascular-related mortality[pHR 3.09(1.78-5.34)].CONCLUSION This study reaffirms that non-invasive scoring systems,especially NFS,are reliable prognostic mark

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Biomarkers Non-invasive Prognosis Mortality

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Exploring nitrogen reduction reaction mechanisms in electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis:A comprehensive review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 681-697页

作者： abhishek Umesh Shetty Ravi Sankannavar School of Chemical and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology GoaFarmagudiPonda 403401GoaIndia Department of Chemical Engineering M.S.Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyMSR NagarMSRIT PostBengaluru 560054KarnatakaIndia

The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)holds significant promise as a sustainable alternative to the conventional large-scale Haber Bosch process,offering a carbon footprint-free approach for ammonia *** the process is thermodynamically feasible at ambient temperature and pressure,challenges such as the competing hydrogen evolution reaction,low nitrogen solubility in electrolytes,and the activation of inert dinitrogen(N_(2))gas adversely affect the performance of ammonia *** hurdles result in low Faradaic efficiency and low ammonia production rate,which pose obstacles to the commercialisation of the *** have been actively designing and proposing various electrocatalysts to address these issues,but challenges still need to be resolved.A key strategy in electrocatalyst design lies in understanding the underlying mechanisms that govern the success or failure of the electrocatalyst in driving the electrochemical *** mechanistic studies,we gain valuable insights into the factors affecting the reaction,enabling us to propose optimised designs to overcome the *** review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various mechanisms involved in eNRR on the electrocatalyst *** delves into the various mechanisms such as dissociative,associative,Mars-van Krevelen,lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction and surface hydrogenation mechanisms of nitrogen *** unravelling the intricacies of eNRR mechanisms and exploring promising avenues,we can pave the way for more efficient and commercially viable ammonia synthesis through this sustainable electrochemical process by designing an efficient electrocatalyst.

关键词： Green ammonia synthesis Electrolysis Electrocatalysis Nitrogen reductionreaction Electrochemical reaction pathways Reactionmechanism

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Multi-head neural networks for simulating particle breakage dynamics

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2024年第2期14卷 130-141页

作者： abhishek Gupta Barada Kanta Mishra School of Mechanical Sciences Indian Institute of Technology(IIT)GoaPonda 403401India School of Chemical and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology(IIT)GoaPonda 403401India

The breakage of brittle particulate materials into smaller particles under compressive or impact loads can be modelled as an instantiation of the population balance integro-differential *** this paper,the emerging computational science paradigm of physics-informed neural networks is studied for the first time for solving both linear and nonlinear variants of the governing *** conventional methods,the proposed neural network provides rapid simulations of arbitrarily high resolution in particle size,predicting values on arbitrarily fine grids without the need for model *** network is assigned a simple multi-head architecture tailored to uphold monotonicity of the modelled cumulative distribution function over particle *** method is theoretically analyzed and validated against analytical results before being applied to real-world data of a batch grinding *** agreement between laboratory data and numerical simulation encourages the use of physics-informed neural nets for optimal planning and control of industrial comminution processes.

关键词： Particle breakage dynamics Population balance equation Physics-informed neural networks

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Innovative pathways allow safe discharge of mild acute pancreatitis from the emergency room

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1475-1479页

作者： Darshan J Kothari Sunil G sheth Division of Gastroenterology Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States

Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a leading cause of gastrointestinal-related hospitalizations in the United States,resulting in 300000 admissions per year with an estimated cost of over$2.6 billion *** severity of AP is determined by the presence of pancreatic complications and end-organ *** moderate/severe pancreatitis can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality,the majority of patients have a mild presentation with an uncomplicated course and mortality rate of less than 2%.Despite favorable outcomes,the majority of mild AP patients are admitted,contributing to healthcare cost and *** this Editorial we review the performance of an emergency department(ED)pathway for patients with mild AP at a tertiary care center with the goal of reducing hospitalizations,resource utilization,and costs after several years of implementation of the *** discuss the clinical course and outcomes of mild AP patients enrolled in the pathway who were successfully discharged from the ED compared to those who were admitted to the hospital,and identify predictors of successful ED discharge to select patients who can potentially be triaged to the *** conclude that by implementing innovative clinical pathways which are established and reproducible,selected AP patients can be safely discharged from the ED,reducing hospitalizations and healthcare costs,without compromising clinical *** also identify a subset of patients most likely to succeed in this pathway.

关键词： Emergency department Mild pancreatitis Pathways Hospitalization Predictors

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Numerical Analysis of Phase Change and Container Materials for Thermal Energy Storage in the Storage Tank of Solar Water Heating System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 408-421页

作者： SINGH Shailendra ANAND abhishek SHUKLA Amritanshu SHARMA Atul Non-Conventional Energy Laboratory Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum TechnologyJais Amethi229304India

This study evaluates the effectiveness of phase change materials(PCMs) inside a storage tank of warm water for solar water heating(SWH) system through the theoretical simulation based on the experimental model of *** et *** model is explained by five fundamental equations for the calculation of various parameters like the effectiveness of PCMs,the mass of hot water,total heat content,and duration of *** study simulated eleven PCMs to analyze their effectiveness like Sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate(SHPD),OM 37,N-Eicosane(NE),Lauric acid(LA),Paraffin wax(PW),OM 48,Paraffin wax C_(20-33)(PW-C20-33),Sodium acetate trihydrate(SAT),Palmitic acid(PA),Myristic acid(MA),and Stearic acid(SA).Among all PCMs,the SHPD has found the highest value of effectiveness factor of ***,it is the most recommended PCM for the storage tank of the SWH *** study also includes the melt fraction analysis of all enumerated PCMs corresponding to container materials of stainless steel,glass,aluminum mixed,tin,aluminum,and *** melt fraction analysis is performed by making a coding program in the FORTRAN programming *** the analysis,copper container material is found to have high melting rate for all PCMs so it is superior to other container materials.

关键词： theoretical model solar water heating system phase change material effectiveness factor melt fraction

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EVOLUTION AND INTERACTION OFδ-WAVES IN THE ZERO-PRESSURE GAS DYNAMICS SYSTEM

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第5期44卷 1801-1836页

作者： abhishek DAS K.T.JOSEPH Centre for Data Science Institute of Technical Education and Research(ITER)Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)BhubaneswarOdisha751030India Centre for Applicable Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchSharada NagarBangalore560065KarnatakaIndia

Evolution and interaction of plane waves of the multidimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics system leads to the study of the corresponding one dimensional *** this paper,we study the initial value problem for one dimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics *** the first equation is the Burgers equation and the second one is the continuity *** consider the solution with initial data in the space of bounded Borel *** we prove a general existence result in the algebra of generalized functions of *** we study in detail special solutions withδ-measures as initial *** study interaction of waves originating from initial data concentrated on two point sources and interaction with classical shock/rarefaction *** gives an understanding of plane-wave interactions in the multidimensional *** use the vanishing viscosity method in our analysis as this gives the physical solution.

关键词： zero-pressure gas dynamics delta-waves interaction of waves

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Effect of metal fractions on rice grain metal uptake and biological parameters in mica mines waste contaminated soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 313-324页

作者： Saibal Ghosh Sandip Mondal Jajati Mandal abhishek Mukherjee Pradip Bhattacharyya Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit Indian Statistical InstituteGiridihJharkhand 815301India School of Science Engineering&EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchester M54WTUK

Heavy metals from mica waste not only deteriorate the soil quality but also results in the uptake of metals in the *** present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effects of different fractions of metals on the uptake in rice,soil microbial and biochemical properties in mica waste-contaminated soils of Jharkhand,*** each active mine,soil samples were randomly collected at distances of100 m(zone 3).Sequential metal extraction was used to determine the fractions of different metals(nickel(Ni),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr)and lead(Pb))including water-soluble(Ws)and exchangeable metals(Ex),carbonate-bound metals(CBD),Fe/Mn oxide(OXD)bound metals,organically bound metals(ORG),and residues(RS).The Ni,Cr,Cd and Pb in rice grain were 0.83±0.41,0.41±0.19,0.21±0.14 and 0.17±0.08 mg/kg *** the variable importance plot of the random forest(RF)algorithm,the Ws fraction of Ni,Cr and Cd and Ex fraction of Pb was the most important predictor for rice grain metal ***,the partial dependence plots(PDP)give us an insight into the role of the two most important metal fractions on rice grain metal *** microbial and enzyme activity was significantly and negatively correlated with Ws and Ex metal fractions,indicating that water-soluble and exchangeable fractions exert a strong inhibitory effect on the soil microbiological parameters and enzyme activities.

关键词： Metal fractions Microbial parameters Mica waste soil Soil enzymes Rice Random forest

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An Interactive Operating Demand Response Approach for Hybrid Power Systems Integrating Renewable Energy Sources

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第3期9卷 174-194页

作者： abhishek Saxena Ravi Shankar IEEE the Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology PatnaIndia

The increased deployment of renewable energy in existing power networks has jeopardized rotational inertia,resulting in system degradation and *** address the issue,this paper proposes a demand response strategy for ensuring the future reliability of the electrical power *** addition,a modified fuzzy logic control topology-based two-degree-of-freedom(fractional order proportional integral)-tilt derivative controller is designed to regulate the frequency within a demand response framework of a hybrid two-area deregulated power *** test system includes thermal power plants,renewable energy sources(such as wind,parabolic trough solar thermal plant,biogas),and electric vehicle *** adaptively tune the controller’s coefficients,a quasi-opposition-based harris hawks optimization(QOHHO)algorithm is *** effectiveness of this algorithm is compared to other optimization algorithms,and the stability of the system is *** results demonstrate that the designed control algorithm significantly enhances system frequency stability in various scenarios,including uncertainties,physical constraints,and high penetration of renewables,compared to existing ***,an experimental assessment through OPAL-RT is conducted to verify the practicality of the proposed strategy,considering source and load intermittencies.

关键词： Area control error demand response energy storage vertically integrated utility

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Diverting agents in the oil and gas industry:A comprehensive analysis of their origins,types,and applications

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 72-84页

作者： Namrata Bist abhishek Nair Kriti Yadav Anirbid Sircar Pandit Deendayal Energy University GandhinagarGujarat382007India Department of Geology Patna UniversityAshok RajpathPatna800005India

During the life of a well,treatments are carried out to boost productivity by stimulating initially unproduced *** treatments include hydraulic fracturing,matrix acidization,and acid fracturing,among *** fracturing treatment is generally applied to deeper reservoirs of oil or natural gas for enhanced *** infusing proppant,water,and chemicals under extreme pressure during the fracturing procedure,fissures in and beneath the reservoir layer can be accessed and *** stimulating procedure,matrix acidization,involves injecting acid down the drilling hole to permeate the rock fissures at stresses lower than the fracture *** addition,carbonate reservoir acid fracturing stimulation is commonly used as an acid treatment technique whereby a pressure greater than the formation disintegration pressure or spontaneous fracture closure pressure is used to compress acid into the *** treatments allow existing wells to sustain hydrocarbon production without new wells being ***,when employed efficiently,can prevent the need to use a rig to provide momentary physical barriers,thus lowering the cost of the *** improvements in diversion technology make use of a variety of degradable particles that act as momentary bridges,either at the perforation entries or inside the existing *** aim of this study is to introduce different types of mechanical and chemical diverters used to enhance the productivity of *** study explains the concepts of different types of diverters and their applications in several formations,it will also help readers to understand the selection procedures based on the suitability and requirements of diverter use by case studies from around the world.

关键词： Refracturing Well treatment Chemical diverter Mechanical diverter Acid fracturing

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Photocatalytic application of magnesium spinel ferrite in wastewater remediation:A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 490-505页

作者： Rohit Jasrotia Nikhil Jaswal Jyoti Prakash Chan Choon Kit Jagpreet Singh abhishek Kandwal School of Physics and Materials Science Shoolini UniversityBajholSolanH.P.India Himalayan Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology Shoolini UniversityBajholH.P.India INTI International University Putra NilaiNegeri SembilanMalaysia Department of Chemistry University Centre for Research&Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChina

This review paper explores the efficacy of magnesium ferrite-based catalysts in photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminates(antibiotic and dyes).We report the influence of different doping strategies,synthesis methods,and composite materials on the degradation efficiency of these *** analysis reveals the versatile and promising nature of magnesium ferrite-based catalysts,offering the valuable insights into their practical application for restoring the *** to the smaller band gap and magnetic nature of magnesium ferrite,it holds the benefit of utilising the broader spectrum of light while also being *** in-depth analysis of magnesium ferrites'photocatalytic mechanism could lead to the development of cheap and reliable photocatalyst for the wastewater *** concise review offers a thorough summary of the key advancements in this field,highlighting the pivotal role of the magnesium ferrite based photocatalysts in addressing the pressing global issue of organic pollutants in wastewater.

关键词： Magnesium ferrite Wastewater Dyes Antibiotics Photocatalytic degradation

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