In optical soliton propagation through a single mode optical fiber, it is established that self-phase modulation is maintained by the third order non-linearity of the silica-based glass material of the fiber. In this ...
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In optical soliton propagation through a single mode optical fiber, it is established that self-phase modulation is maintained by the third order non-linearity of the silica-based glass material of the fiber. In this paper we show that the fifth order non-linearity has also some contribution in frequency variation of self-phase modulation.
Over the last few decades, several all-optical circuits have been proposed to meet the need of high-speed data processing. In some information processing architectures, the role of various analog and digital data comp...
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Over the last few decades, several all-optical circuits have been proposed to meet the need of high-speed data processing. In some information processing architectures, the role of various analog and digital data comparisons is very important. In this letter, we proposed a multi-bit data comparison scheme. The scheme is based on the switching property of optical nonlinear material. Ultrafast operational speed larger than gigahertz can be expected from this all-optical scheme.
We study the dynamics of short optical pulses in a real system with periodically distributed dispersion and the nonlinearity is governed by the higher order nonlinear Schr?dinger equation(HNLSE) with linear and nonlin...
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We study the dynamics of short optical pulses in a real system with periodically distributed dispersion and the nonlinearity is governed by the higher order nonlinear Schr?dinger equation(HNLSE) with linear and nonlinear gain(loss). Under specific parametric circumstances, where the dark and bright solitary waves are combined, a set of entirely new types of solitary waves with nonlinear chirp have emerged. For a properly intense optical pulse in the combined solitary waves, the binding of the bright and dark solitary waves is very strong. It is seen that by numerical simulation, these pooled types of solitary-like solutions show a high degree of stability while propagating over an extremely long distance in the considering system, even in the presence of a high degree of perturbation of the amplitude and white noise. All constraint relations on the physical parameters are explicitly shown to be related to the development and to the dynamical study of the chirped solitary like solution in the considering medium.
We propose a new method to perform an ultra high speed all optical remote controlled X-NOR logic operation at a very long distance by exploiting the interaction of hypersecant optical soliton pulses (HOSP). To impleme...
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We propose a new method to perform an ultra high speed all optical remote controlled X-NOR logic operation at a very long distance by exploiting the interaction of hypersecant optical soliton pulses (HOSP). To implement such logic operation,three HOSPs maintaining a particular condition are introduced into an optical fiber where they interact with each other. Two of them carry the input of the logic operation with the constant triggering of other HOSP.
Here we present a method of QT interval meas-urement for Physionet's online QT Challenge ECG database using the combination of wavelet and time plane feature extraction mechanisms. For this we mainly combined two prev...
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Here we present a method of QT interval meas-urement for Physionet's online QT Challenge ECG database using the combination of wavelet and time plane feature extraction mechanisms. For this we mainly combined two previous works one done using the Daubechies 6 wavelet and one time plane based with modifications in their algorithms and inclusion of two more wavelets (Daubechies 8 and Symlet 6). But found that out of these three wavelets Daube-chies 6 and 8 gives the best output and when averaged with the interval of time plane feature extraction method it gives least percentage of error with respect to the median reference QT interval as specified by Physionet. Our modified time plane feature extraction scheme along with the wavelet method together produces best re-sults for automated QT wave measurement as its regular verification is important for analyzing cardiac health. For the V2 chest lead particularly whose QT wave is of tremendous significance we have tested on 530 recordings of Physionet. This is because delay in cardiac repolarization causes ventricular tachyarrhythmias as well as Torsade de pointes (TdP). A feature of TdP is pronounced prolongation of the QT interval in the supraventricular beat preceding the ar-rhythmia. TdP can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation, leading to sudden death.
Background Hypospadias is one of the most common genital birth *** are around 300 various techniques available for the repair of *** study aims to compare the reported outcomes of Tubularized incised plate urethroplas...
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Background Hypospadias is one of the most common genital birth *** are around 300 various techniques available for the repair of *** study aims to compare the reported outcomes of Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty(TIP)and Grafted TIP(GTIP)repair in children undergoing primary *** This meta-analysisadhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,and we framed our research question using the population,intervention,control and outcomes *** conducted comprehensive electronic searches across various databases,employing a Boolean search strategy with predefined search *** randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included for quantitative *** Totally,10 RCTs met our inclusion criteria for quantitative *** results indicated that urethrocutaneous fistula,glans dehiscence,and stricture rates were comparable between the two *** incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be significantly lower in the GTIP group with a relative risk(RR)of 0.32(95%confidence interval(Cl)0.15 to 0.67).Conclusion The coucomes UCF,glans dehiscence,and stricture rates were comparable between the two ***,the incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be significantly lower in the grafted TIP *** terms of operative time,our quantitative synthesis demonstrated that the TIP group had a shorter operative time than the GTIP group with significant heterogeneity.
The present study proposes a novel and simplified methodology to assess the seismic bearing capacity(SBC) of a shallow strip footing by incorporating strength non-linearity arising due to partial saturation of a soil ...
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The present study proposes a novel and simplified methodology to assess the seismic bearing capacity(SBC) of a shallow strip footing by incorporating strength non-linearity arising due to partial saturation of a soil matrix. Furthermore, developed methodology incorporates the modal response analysis of soil layers to assess SBC. A constant matric suction distribution profile has been considered throughout the depth of the soil. The Van Genuchten equation and corresponding fitting parameters have been considered to quantify matric suction in the analysis. SBC has been obtained for three different geomaterials;viz. sand, fly ash and clay, based on their predominant grain size and diverse soil water characteristics curve(SWCC) attributes. Variation of SBC with different modes of vibration and damping ratio are reported for ranges of matric suction pertinent to the geomaterials considered in the study. The relative significance of matric suction on SBC has been reported for suction values within the transition zone of each geomaterial. It is observed that the SBC of sand is drastically reduced, with matric suction reaching beyond the residual suction value. The SBC of fly ash remains constant beyond the residual suction value, whereas the SBC of clay shows an increasing trend toward the practical range of matric suction values.
Pulsed plasma thrusters (PPT) are micro-propulsion devices used in satellites for station keeping. Conventionally the plasma discharge in a PPT is initiated by a spark plug. The primary objective of the present work...
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Pulsed plasma thrusters (PPT) are micro-propulsion devices used in satellites for station keeping. Conventionally the plasma discharge in a PPT is initiated by a spark plug. The primary objective of the present work was to develop and characterize a PPT that does not need a spark plug to initiate the plasma discharge. If the spark plug is eliminated, the size of the thrusters can be reduced and arrays of such thrusters can be manufactured using micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) techniques, which can provide tremendous control authority over the satellite positioning. A parallel rail thruster was built and its performances were characterized inside a vacuum chamber to elucidate the effect of vacuum level on the performance. The electrical performance of the thruster was quantified by measuring the voltage output from a Rogowski coil, and the thrust produced by the developed thruster was estimated by measuring the force exerted by the plume on a light weight pendulum, whose deflection was measured using a laser displacement sensor. It was observed that the thruster can operate without a spark plug. In general, the performance parameters such as thrust, mass ablation, impulse bit, and specific impulse per discharge, would increase with the increase in pressure up to an optimum level due to the increase in discharge energy as well as the decrease in the total impedance of the plasma discharge. The thrust efficiency is found to be affected by the discharge energy.
Anomaly detection(AD)is an important aspect of various domains and title insurance(TI)is no *** process automation(RPA)is taking over manual tasks in TI business processes,but it has its limitations without the suppor...
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Anomaly detection(AD)is an important aspect of various domains and title insurance(TI)is no *** process automation(RPA)is taking over manual tasks in TI business processes,but it has its limitations without the support of artificial intelligence(AI)and machine learning(ML).With increasing data dimensionality and in composite population scenarios,the complexity of detecting anomalies increases and AD in automated document management systems(ADMS)is the least explored *** learning,being the fastest maturing technology can be combined along with traditional anomaly detectors to facilitate and improve the RPAs in *** present a hybrid model for AD,using autoencoders(AE)and a one-class support vector machine(OSVM).In the present study,OSVM receives input features representing real-time documents from the TI business,orchestrated and with dimensions reduced by *** results obtained from multiple experiments are comparable with traditional methods and within a business acceptable range,regarding accuracy and performance.
The relevance of groundwater hydrogeochemistry to explain the occurrence and distribution of arsenic in groundwater is of great *** insightful discussions on the control of shallow groundwater(<50 m)hydrogeochemistry ...
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The relevance of groundwater hydrogeochemistry to explain the occurrence and distribution of arsenic in groundwater is of great *** insightful discussions on the control of shallow groundwater(<50 m)hydrogeochemistry in arsenic mobilization are known to be a viable tool to explain the arsenic menace in shallow *** present investigation emphasizes the hydrogeochemical driver and/or control over the reductive dissolution of Fe-bearing host minerals and thereby releasing arsenic into the shallow groundwater of the study *** study suggests that hydrogeochemical evolution is mainly governed by carbonate minerals dissolution,silicate weathering,and competitive ion-exchange processes in the shallow aquifers(<50 m).The present study also indicates the prevalence of carbonate minerals dissolution over silicate *** emergence of Cl^(-)concentration in the shallow groundwater founds the possibilities of anthropogenic inputs into the shallow aquifers(<50 m).The reducing environment in shallow aquifers(<50 m)of the study area is evident in the reductive dissolution of Febearing shallow aquifer minerals which absorb arsenic in the solid phase and mobilize arsenic onto shallow *** study opted for many statistical approaches to delineate the correlation among major and minor ionic constituents of the groundwater which are very helpful to understand the comprehensive mechanism of arsenic mobilization into shallow groundwater.
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