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Sugar metabolism and accumulation in the fruit of transgenic apple trees with decreased sorbitol synthesis

Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 80-90页

作者： mingjun Li Pengmin Li Fengwang ma abhaya m.dandekar Lailiang Cheng State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F University712100YanglingShaanxiP.R.China Section of Horticulture School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA95616USA

Both sorbitol and sucrose are synthesized in source leaves and transported to fruit for supporting fruit growth in tree fruit species of the Rosaceae family.In apple(malus domestica),antisense suppression of aldose-6-phosphate reductase,the key enzyme for sorbitol synthesis,significantly decreased the sorbitol concentration but increased the sucrose concentration in leaves,leading to a lower sorbitol but a higher sucrose supply to fruit in these plants.In response to this altered carbon supply,the transgenic fruit had lower concentration of sorbitol and much higher concentration of glucose but similar levels of fructose,sucrose,and starch throughout fruit development relative to the untransformed control.Activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase,fructokinase,and sucrose phosphate synthase were lower,whereas activities of neutral invertase,sucrose synthase,and hexokinase were higher in the transgenic fruit during fruit development.Transcript levels of mdSOT1,mdSDHs,mdFK2,and mdSPS3/6 were downregulated,whereas transcript levels of mdSUC1/4,mdSUSY1-3,mdNIV1/3,mdHKs,and mdTmT1 were upregulated in the transgenic fruit.These findings suggest that the Sucrose cycle and the sugar transport system are very effective in maintaining the level of fructose and provide insights into the roles of sorbitol and sucrose in regulating sugar metabolism and accumulation in sorbitol-synthesizing species.

关键词： synthesis sugar transformed

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Co-located quantitative trait loci mediate resistance to Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Phytophthora cinnamomi,and P.pini in Juglans microcarpa×J.regia hybrids

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 1363-1373页

作者： Ramesh K.Ramasamy ming-Cheng Luo Charles A.Leslie Dianne Velasco Natalia Ott Ali mcClean abhaya m.dandekar mallikarjuna Aradhya Patrick J.Brown Gregory T.Browne Daniel A.Kluepfel Andreas Westphal Jan Dvorak Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisUSA USDA-ARS Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisUSA National Clonal Germplasm Repository USDA-ARSUniversity of CaliforniaDavisUSA Department of Nematology University of CaliforniaRiversideUSA

Soil-borne plant pathogens represent a serious threat that undermines commercial walnut(Juglans regia)production worldwide.Crown gall,caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens,and Phytophthora root and crown rots,caused by various Phytophthora spp.,are among the most devastating walnut soil-borne diseases.A recognized strategy to combat soil-borne diseases is adoption of resistant rootstocks.Here,resistance to A.tumefaciens,P.cinnamomi,and P.pini is mapped in the genome of Juglans microcarpa,a North American wild relative of cultivated walnut.Half-sib J.microcarpa mother trees DJUG 31.01 and DJUG 31.09 were crossed with J.regia cv.Serr,producing 353 and 400 hybrids,respectively.Clonally propagated hybrids were genotyped by sequencing to construct genetic maps for the two populations and challenged with the three pathogens.Resistance to each of the three pathogens was mapped as a major QTL on the long arm of J.microcarpa chromosome 4D and was associated with the same haplotype,designated as haplotype b,raising the possibility that the two mother trees were heterozygous for a single mendelian gene conferring resistance to all three pathogens.The deployment of this haplotype in rootstock breeding will facilitate breeding of a walnut rootstock resistant to both crown gall and Phytophthora root and crown rots.

关键词： breeding regia soil

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Sequencing a Juglans regia×J.microcarpa hybrid yields high-quality genome assemblies of parental species

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1271-1286页

作者： Tingting Zhu Le Wang Frank m.You Juan C.Rodriguez Karin R.Deal Limin Chen Jie Li Sandeep Chakraborty Bipin Balan Cai-Zhong Jiang Patrick J.Brown Charles ALeslie mallikarjuna KAradhya abhaya m.dandekar Patrick E.mcGuire Daniel Kluepfel Jan Dvorak ming-Cheng Luo Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Ottawa Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawaON K1A 0C6Canada Genome Center University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit USDA-ARSDavisCA 95616USA National Clonal Germplasm Repository USDA-ARSDavisCA 95616USA

members of the genus Juglans are monecious wind-pollinated trees in the family Juglandaceae with highly heterozygous genomes,which greatly complicates genome sequence assembly.The genomes of interspecific hybrids are usually comprised of haploid genomes of parental species.We exploited this attribute of interspecific hybrids to avoid heterozygosity and sequenced an interspecific hybrid Juglans microcarpa×J.regia using a novel combination of single-molecule sequencing and optical genome mapping technologies.The resulting assemblies of both genomes were remarkably complete including chromosome termini and centromere regions.Chromosome termini consisted of arrays of telomeric repeats about 8 kb long and heterochromatic subtelomeric regions about 10 kb long.The centromeres consisted of arrays of a centromere-specific Gypsy retrotransposon and most contained genes,many of them transcribed.Juglans genomes evolved by a whole-genome-duplication dating back to the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary and consist of two subgenomes,which were fractionated by numerous short gene deletions evenly distributed along the length of the chromosomes.Fractionation was shown to be asymmetric with one subgenome exhibiting greater gene loss than the other.The asymmetry of the process is ongoing and mirrors an asymmetry in gene expression between the subgenomes.Given the importance of J.microcarpa×J.regia hybrids as potential walnut rootstocks,we catalogued disease resistance genes in the parental genomes and studied their chromosomal distribution.We also estimated the molecular clock rates for woody perennials and deployed them in estimating divergence times of Juglans genomes and those of other woody perennials.

关键词： Juglans parental evenly

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Genome Editing Tools: Need of the Current Era

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American Journal of molecular Biology 2019年第3期9卷 85-109页

作者： Sabin Aslam Sultan Habibullah Khan Aftab Ahmed abhaya m. dandekar Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Center of Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA USA

Genome editing is considered as the most widely used approach of the present era. It had become a basic need of the current micro and molecular biological experiments. Gene engineering finds its widespread applications in medical, industry and agricultural sector. Unlike previous genetic engineering practices to insert or delete a part of genetic material at random place, genome editing allows the precise manipulation of DNA at a specific location. Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), Clustered Regularly Interspresed Short Palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas system) and meganucleases (recombinases) are the prime tools for editing an organism’s genome. Genome editing tools have an advantage to selectively delete or to integrate specific genes at specific loci. Use of recombinases for specifying site has further reduced time to integrate genes site specifically. Site specific gene stacking by the use of recombinases coupled with ZFNs, TALENs, or CRISPR/Cas genes have paved new pathways to target genes site specifically and to improve germplasm in lesser time than conventional breeding approaches.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas Gene Stacking Recombinases TALENs ZFNs

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The Tale of Cotton Plant: From Wild Type to Domestication, Leading to Its Improvement by Genetic Transformation

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American Journal of molecular Biology 2020年第2期10卷 91-127页

作者： Sabin Aslam Sultan Habibullah Khan Aftab Ahmed abhaya m. dandekar Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA USA Center of Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan

Cotton is considered as a major cash crop of the world. It earns huge foreign exchange by its valuable products;fiber, lint, cotton seed oil, hull and a lot more. Being an important fiber crop, it earns huge foreign exchange by contributing to textile and seed oil industry. This review summarizes cotton biology, its diversity and domestication, genome assembly, constraints in its production and methods to improve cotton plant to fulfill the need of textile and oil industry. But cotton is facing enormous biotic and abiotic stresses with insect pests being most prominent. massive destruction caused by insects needs to be controlled for maintaining fruitful cotton crop production. Conventional breeding approaches are limited to improving single trait and integrate stable genes within plant genome in approximately 7 - 8 years. Improved biotechnological procedures have paved new pathways to target genes specifically and improve cotton germplasm in lesser time than conventional breeding.

关键词： Cotton Colored Cotton Cotton Domestication Genetic Diversity Transformation

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Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Substituted N-（3-Arylpropyl）-9,10-dihydro-9-oxoacridine-4-carboxamides as Potent mDR Reversal Agents in Cancer

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第3期29卷 504-510页

作者： Velingkar, V. S. dandekar, V. D. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Prin. K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy Cuffe Parade Mumbai 4000005 India

A novel class of molecules with structure N-（3-arylpropyl）-9,10-dihydro-9-oxoacridine-4-carboxamides （20- 29） were designed by generating a pharmacophore for potent mDR reversal activity using phase drug design software. The designed molecules were synthesized by a novel synthesis route and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the transport activity of P-glycoprotein （P-gp） by standard Hoechst 33342 assay method. Based on the pIC50 values of ten title compounds screened, three compounds exhibited better activity as compared to Verapamil used as standard.

关键词： N-（3-arylpropyl）-9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-acridine-4-carboxamides mDR reversal agents pharmacophore,phase drug design software structure-activity relationships structure elucidation

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苹果基因转移技术研究初报

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园艺学报 1992年第2期19卷 101-104页

作者：程家胜 dandekar A.m. Uratsu S.L. 陕西果品研究中心 Dept.of Pomology University of California Davis. CA95616 U.S.A.

应用农杆菌EHA101,携带抗卡那霉素基因(氨基葡糖磷酸转移酶)和GUS基因(葡糖苷酸酶),对苹果品种‘Greensleeves’作基因导入获得成功,提出了应用农杆菌与苹果叶片外植体共培养并经卡那霉素筛选后,早期检测出已导入外源基因的愈伤组织。然... 详细信息

应用农杆菌EHA101,携带抗卡那霉素基因(氨基葡糖磷酸转移酶)和GUS基因(葡糖苷酸酶),对苹果品种‘Greensleeves’作基因导入获得成功,提出了应用农杆菌与苹果叶片外植体共培养并经卡那霉素筛选后,早期检测出已导入外源基因的愈伤组织。然后,通过愈伤组织增殖和应用TD7诱导获得不定芽,从而获得转基因的苹果试管苗。这一技术将有利于提高获得转基因植株的成功率。

关键词：苹果农杆菌基因转移葡糖苷酸酶

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