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Mechanism and recent updates on insulin-related disorders

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世界临床病例杂志 2023年第25期11卷 5840-5856页

作者： Shashank kumar Sabyasachi Senapati Neetu Bhattacharya Amit Bhattacharya Shashank kumar Maurya Hadiya Husain Jasvinder Singh Bhatti abhay kumar pandey Department of Biochemistry Central University of PunjabBathinda 151401PunjabIndia Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Central University of PunjabBathinda 151401PunjabIndia Department of Zoology Dyal Singh CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew Delhi 110003India Department of Zoology Ramjas CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew Delhi 110007India Department of Zoology University of DelhiNew Delhi 110007India Department of Zoology University of LucknowLucknow 226007India Department of Biochemistry University of AllahabadAllahabad(Prayagraj)211002India

Insulin,a small protein with 51 amino acids synthesized by pancreatic β-cells,is crucial to sustain glucose homeostasis at biochemical and molecular *** metabolic dysfunctions are related to insulin-mediated altered glucose *** of the significant pathophysiological conditions linked to the insulin associated disorder is diabetes mellitus(DM)(type 1,type 2,and gestational).Insulin resistance(IR)is one of the major underlying causes of metabolic disorders despite its association with several physiological *** syndrome(MS)is another pathophysiological condition that is associated with IR,hypertension,and ***,several other pathophysiological disorders/diseases are associated with the insulin malfunctioning,which include polycystic ovary syndrome,neuronal disorders,and *** are an uncommon type of pancreatic β-cell-derived neuroendocrine tumor that makes up 2% of all pancreatic *** revealed that different biochemical events,molecular signaling pathways,microRNAs,and microbiota act as connecting links between insulin disorder and associated pathophysiology such as DM,insuloma,neurological disorder,MS,and *** this review,we focus on the insulin-related disorders and the underlying mechanisms associated with the pathophysiology.

关键词： Insulin disorder Diabetes Metabolic syndrome Neurological disorder Obesity Cancer

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists:A new hope towards the management of alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第35期30卷 3965-3971页

作者： Siva Sundara kumar Durairajan abhay kumar Singh Ashok Iyaswamy Department of Microbiology School of Life SciencesCentral University of Tamil NaduTiruvarur 610005India School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Biochemistry Karpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021India

In this editorial,we examine a paper by Koizumi et al,on the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)agonists in alcoholic liver disease(ALD).The study determined whether elafibranor protected the intestinal barrier and reduced liver fibrosis in a mouse model of *** study also underlines the role of PPARs in intestinal barrier function and lipid homeostasis,which are both affected by *** therapies are necessary for ALD because it is a critical health issue that affects people *** editorial analyzes the possibility of PPAR agonists as treatments for *** key factors of inflammation and metabolism,PPARs offer multiple methods for managing the complex etiology of *** assess the abilities of PPARα,PPARγ,and PPARβ/δagonists to prevent steatosis,inflammation,and fibrosis due to liver *** research carried out in preclinical and clinical settings has shown that PPAR agonists can reduce the severity of liver *** editorial discusses the data analyzed and the obstacles,advantages,and mechanisms of action of PPAR agonists for *** research is needed to understand the efficacy,safety,and mechanisms of PPAR agonists for treating ALD.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors agonists Liver fibrosis Inflammation Metabolic regulation Hepatoprotection

A comprehensive review of rectangular duct solar air heaters featuring artificial roughness

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 186-217页

作者： Ravi Shankar Rajeev kumar Arun kumar pandey Deep Singh Thakur Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajkiya Engineering College BandaUttar Pradesh 210201India Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Engineering&TechnologyLucknowUttar Pradesh 226021India Department of Mechanical Engineering Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering&TechnologyJhansiUttar Pradesh 284128India

Solar air heaters(SAHs)are widely used solar thermal systems with applications in diverse ***,its effectiveness is re-strained by low convective heat transfer(HT)coefficients at the absorber plate,leading to inefficient HT,and the elevated temperature of the absorber plate causes significant heat losses,reducing thermal *** study addresses these challenges by introducing ribs or roughness on the absorber plate creating turbulence in the airflow,resulting in significant *** research inves-tigates various rib configurations,the influence of rib parameters,performance methods,and arrangements to evaluate their HT and friction *** these rib configurations,a comparative analysis is done on various factors such as the Nusselt number ratio,thermal enhancement factor,friction factor ratio,and thermal efficiency to optimize distinct roughness parameters and rib ar-rangement *** study also provides valuable recommendations from existing literature,offering insights into the effective design,prospects,and implementation of SAH systems.

关键词： solar air heater artificial roughness low heat transfer heating solar energy

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Editorial

Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： kumar, Sunil Mapp, Glenford Bansal, abhay Cengiz, Korhan University of Surrey United Kingdom Middlesex University United Kingdom Amity University India Trakya University Turkey

Advanced technologies in science explore the study of business and *** can learn from and make predictions and decisions based on collected data through intelligent *** by technological advances in Big Data,Artificial Intelligence(AI),and Machine Learning(ML),such systems potentially have many applications,roles,and impacts on business and *** stay ahead of the competition,companies must think creatively about incorporating the latest technologies like AI,ML,and Big Data into their policy.

关键词： such companies Foster

Optimization of variables and assessment of in-vitro and in-vivo antihyperlipidemic activity of Eudragit RS nanoparticles containing simvastatin

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 189-198页

作者： Bina Gidwani Vishal Jain Veenu Joshi Ravindra kumar pandey Shiv Shankar Shukla Amber Vyas Columbia Institute of Pharmacy Raipur(C.G.)India University Institute of Pharmacy Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India Center for Basic Science and Research Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India

Simvastatin, a BCS class II drug, is associated with poor aqueous solubility, first-pass metabolism and short half-life. In the present work, nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated. Optimization of formulation and process parameters was done through the use of independent and dependent variables. Preliminary studies were done to determine suitable range of the concentration of Eudragit polymer (10%–30%) and the ratio of drug to polymer (1:1 to 1:5) for the formation of nanoparticles by emulsification and a solvent evaporation technique. Results revealed that the mean size of nanoparticles was affected by stirring speed from 5000 RPM, 8000 RPM, and 12000 RPM. The results of increase in association efficiency and percent yield with increase in amount of drug from 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg in selected range were observed. In-vitro release studies showed that two formulations possess highest initial burst and slow sustained drug release. There was 2.93-fold decrease in total cholesterol and 3.27-fold increases in triglyceride level during in-vivo study.

关键词： Simvastatin Eudragit RS 100 Nanoparticles Hyperlipidemia

Elucidating the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in hyperuricemia and gout:Insights and therapeutic strategies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第40期30卷 4404-4410页

作者： abhay kumar Singh Siva Sundara kumar Durairajan Ashok Iyaswamy Leonard L Williams Department of Microbiology School of Life SciencesCentral University of Tamil NaduTiruvarurTN 610005India School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Biochemistry Karpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021India Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboroNC 27411United States

Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a condition associated with a high concentration of uric acid(UA)in the bloodstream and can cause gout and chronic kidney *** gut microbiota of patients with gout and HUA is significantly altered compared to that of healthy *** article focused on the complex interconnection between alterations in the gut microbiota and the development of this *** studies have suggested that changes in the composition,diversity,and activity of microbes play a key role in establishing and progressing HUA and gout ***,we discussed how the gut microbiota contributes to HUA through purine metabolism,UA excretion,and intestinal inflammatory *** examined specific changes in the composition of the gut microbiota associated with gout and HUA,highlighting key bacterial taxa and the metabolic pathways ***,we discussed the effect of conventional gout treatments on the gut microbiota composition,along with emerging therapeutic approaches that target the gut microbiome,such as the use of probiotics and *** also provided insights into a study regarding the gut microbiota as a possible novel therapeutic intervention for gout treatment and dysbiosis-related diagnosis.

关键词： Gut microbiota Dysbiosis Gout Hyperuricemia Inflammation Intestinal barrier Probiotics Prebiotics Fecal microbiota transplantation

Climatic and Environmental Impacts of Dust over the Tibetan Plateau: An Overview

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第9期15卷 907-920页

作者： Ashok kumar Pokharel Shree pandey Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety Lanzhou University Lanzhou China College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China

The Tibetan Plateau (TP), located at a height of nearly 4000 m above sea level, has a unique setting that effects the environment of the whole of northern hemisphere. It acts as the “water reservoir” of Asia as several important rivers originate from this region. Therefore, even slight alternations in the TP’s hydrological cycle may have profound ecological and social impacts. However, it is experiencing a significant increase in accumulation of dust from local and global sources. The impact of dust on the region’s climate has become an active area of research. Further, the study of sources of dust arriving at the TP is also critical. Accumulation of dust is impacting temperature, snow cover, glaciers, water resources, biodiversity and soil desertification. This manuscript tries to provide a comprehensive summary of the impact of dust on weather, climate, and environmental components of the TP. The impact of dust on clouds, radiative energy, precipitation, atmospheric circulation, snow and ice cover, soil, air quality, and river water quality of the TP are discussed. It further discusses the steps immediately needed to mitigate the devastating impact of dust on the fragile ecosystem of the TP.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Dust Clouds Precipitation Radiative Forcing Snow

Biological,pathological,and multifaceted therapeutic functions of exosomes to target cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 73-94页

作者： VIGNESH BALAJI E DIVYA RAMESH MANISHA CHUNGAN SHAJU AKSHARA kumar SAMYAK pandey RAKSHA NAYAK V.ALKA SRISHTI MUNJAL AMIR SALIMI K.SREEDHARA RANGANATH PAI SHANKAR M.BAKKANNAVAR Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India School of Health and Community Services Durham CollegeOshawaOntarioL1G2G5Canada Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs and Management Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Clinical Psychology Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Speech and Hearing Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Pharmacy Practice Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India

Exosomes,small tiny vesicle contains a large number of intracellular particles that employ to cause various diseases and prevent several pathological events as well in the human *** is considered a“double-edged sword”,and depending on its biological source,the action of exosomes varies under physiological ***,the isolation and characterization of the exosomes should be performed accurately and the methodology also will vary depending on the exosome ***,the uptake of exosomes from the recipients’cells is a vital and initial step for all the physiological *** are different mechanisms present in the exosomes’cellular uptake to deliver their cargo to acceptor *** the exosomal uptake takes place,it releases the intracellular particles that leads to activate the physiological *** though exosomes have lavish functions,there are some challenges associated with every step of their preparation to bring potential therapeutic ***,overcoming the pitfalls would give a desired quantity of exosomes with high purity.

关键词： Exosomes Physiology Cancer Therapeutics Challenges

Predictors of cerebrospinal fluid GeneXpert MTB/RIF positivity in patients with tuberculous meningitis:A prospective cohort study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第10期17卷 465-472页

作者： Priyanka Gupta Neeraj kumar Ravindra kumar Garg Hardeep Singh Malhotra Imran Rizvi Rajesh Verma Praveen kumar Sharma Ravi Uniyal Shweta pandey Amita Jain Parul Jain Department of Neurology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknowIndia Department of Microbiology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknowIndia

Objective:To identify the clinical,laboratory,and radiological markers that could predict a positive GeneXpert result in patients suspected of tuberculous ***:In this prospective,observational study,patients with tuberculous meningitis were systematically *** clinical,laboratory[including cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)microscopy,culture,and GeneXpert],and neuroimaging factors were *** participants were administered anti-tuberculous treatment and corticosteroids.A six-month follow-up was done to evaluate the ***:Of the 116 patients studied,54(46.6%)tested positive for GeneXpert,while 62(53.4%)were *** cranial nerve involvement(OR 3.71,95%CI 1.052-13.09,P=0.04)and the presence of basal exudates on neuroimaging(OR 5.22,95%CI 2.03-13.42,P=0.001)emerged as independent predictive factors for a positive GeneXpert result.A positive CSF GeneXpert result(P=0.002)and drug resistance(P=0.004)were significantly linked to adverse ***,a high score on the Medical Research Council stageⅢ(OR 5.64,95%CI 1.18-26.87,P=0.03)and elevated CSF cell counts(OR 1.002,95%CI 1.00-1.001,P=0.03)were identified as independent predictors of poor ***:Third cranial nerve involvement and the presence of basal exudates were significant indicators of a positive GeneXpert *** stageⅢdisability and elevated CSF cell counts predicted poor outcomes.

关键词： Tuberculous meningitis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cerebrospinal fluid Ziehl-Neelsen staining GeneXpert