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Rural households’ livelihood vulnerability to climate variability and extremes: a livelihood zone-based approach in the Northeastern Highlands of Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 749-771页

作者： abebe arega mekonen arega Bazezew Berlie Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 79Bahir DarEthiopia Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Debremarkos UniversityP.O.Box 269DebremarkosEthiopia

Background:The adverse effects of climate variability and extremes exert increasing pressure on rural farm households whose livelihoods are dependent on ***,integrated and area-specific vulnerability assessments in Ethiopia in general and the study area,in particular,are scarce and insufficient for policy ***,this study aims to quantify,map,classify,and prioritize the level of vulnerability in terms of the components of exposure,sensitivity,and adaptive capacity in the Northeastern Highlands of *** study area is divided into six livelihood zones,namely,Abay-Beshilo Basin(ABB),South Wollo and Oromia eastern lowland sorghum and cattle(SWS),Chefa Valley(CHV),Meher-Belg,Belg,and Meher.A total of 361 sample households were selected using proportional probability sampling *** questionnaire,key informant interview,and focus group discussions were used to collect the necessary *** and temperature data were also *** the IPCC’s climate change vulnerability assessment approach,the climate vulnerability index(CVI)framework of Sullivan and Meigh’s model was used to assess the relative vulnerability of livelihoods of rural ***-four vulnerability indicators were identified for exposure,sensitivity,and adaptive capacity *** this regard,Iyengar and Sudarshan’s unequal weighting system was applied to assign a weight to ***:The results revealed that Belg and Meher were found to be the highest exposure livelihood zones to vulnerability with an aggregated value of ***,SWS,ABB,Belg,and CHV livelihood zones showed moderate level of sensitivity to vulnerability with an aggregated value between 0.45 and *** study noted that livelihood zone of Belg(0.75)was found to be at high level of livelihood ***(0.57)and CHV(0.45)were at a moderate level of livelihood vulnerability while Meher-Belg(0.22)was the least vulnerable livelihood zone due to a high level o

关键词： Exposure Sensitivity Adaptive capacity Vulnerability Index Sullivan and Meigh’s model Ethiopia

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Platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus adults at Bishoftu General Hospital,Ethiopia

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1889-1902页

作者： Dereje abebe Regassa Gebeyaw arega Berihun Bisrat Fikadu Habtu Woyesa Beyene Haile Rahel Shumi Nagaash Girum Tesfaye Kiya Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Wolkite UniversityWolkite 11330Ethiopia School of Medical Laboratory Sciences Jimma UniversityJimma 47Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Dire Dawa UniversityDire Dawa 3000Ethiopia

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic metabolic syndrome that has become a global public health problem with significant morbidity and *** is a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic condition characterized by increased platelet activation and alterations in platelet ***,the use of platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation has not been fully evaluated in this context,and evidence for their role as predictors of poor glycemic status in diabetic patients is *** To evaluate platelet indices and determine their prognostic significance in relation to inadequate glucoregulation among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at Bishoftu General Hospital in Ethiopia,from June 15 to August 12,*** A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 261 participants including 174 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and 87 non-diabetic *** systematic random sampling technique was used to select *** were collected using structured questionnaires,physical measurements,checklists,and laboratory *** parameters and fasting blood glucose levels were determined from blood samples using Sysmex-XN550 and CobasC311 analyzers,*** hematology analyzer output was checked and participants were also screened for malaria parasites using a prepared blood *** data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for ***χ2 test,Mann-Whitney U test,Kruskal-Wallis test,post hoc test,Spearman correlation,and receiver operating characteristic curve were used for analysis.A P value<0.05 was considered statistically *** The results of our study indicate that diabetic patients have significantly higher levels of platelet distribution width(PDW),mean platelet volume(MPV),platelet large cell ratio(PLCR),and plateletcrit(PCT)compared to healthy individuals(P<0.001).Furthermore,these indices were found to be significantly elevated in individuals wi

关键词： Platelet indices Type 2 diabetes mellitus Controls Adult Ethiopia

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Effect of Intercropping of Legumes and Rates of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) at Arba Minch

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 2159-2179页

作者： Ewnetie Takele Zenebe Mekonnen Dereje Tsegaye arega abebe Department of Plant Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Arba Minch Agricultural Research Center Arba Minch Ethiopia

Intercropping of legumes and cereals, an old practice since ancient civilization, plays pivotal role to increase land use efficiency, improve income and food production per unit area and minimize the risks of crop failure for small scale farmers. Thus, field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of intercropping of legumes and rates of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment consisted of 0, 23, 46, 69 and 92 kg·N·ha-1 and sole maize, maize + commom bean, maize + common bean - mung bean cropping systems with Random Complete Block Design factorial experiment in three replications using maize variety, “BH-140”, common bean variety (Hawassadume) and mung bean variety. Maximum plant heights, dry matter and grain yield, were observed from sole cropped maize and maize + common bean, when applying 92 kg·N·ha-1. Significantly higher total Land Equivalent Ratio of 2.2, Gross Monetary Value of 87,191 birr ha-1, Monetary Advantage of 47,068.2 Birr ha-1, total productivity (80,568.49 birr) and net return (55,214.0 birr) were recorded from maize + common bean - mung bean. The, maximum marginal rate of return was obtained from maize + common bean - mung bean and applying 69 kg·N·ha-1 (1080%). Thus, farmers should be advised to practice cropping of maize + common bean - mung with 69 kg·N·ha-1 to get economical maize production.

关键词： Phenology Cropping System Gross Monetary Value Land Equivalent Ratio

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