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Neuro.nflammatio. revisited thro.gh the micro.lial lens

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato.So.o.ato.Jo.̃o.B.Relvas Institute o. Research and Inno.atio. in Health(i3S)and Institute fo. Mo.ecular and Cell Bio.o.y(IBMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal department o. Bio.edicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuro.mmuno.o.y is emerging as a pivo.al field,shedding light o. the intricate dialo.ues between the central nervo.s system(CNS)and the immune *** explo.atio. is particularly significant in understanding micro.lia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyo.d the co.ventio.al co.flatio. o.“neuro.nflammatio.”and“micro.lial activatio..”This co.flatio. has clo.ded the true co.plexity o. these pro.esses,po.entially stalling scientific pro.ress and the develo.ment o. new *** challenge the lo.g-standing perspectives that have o.ersimplified these interactio.s,advo.ating fo. a deeper explo.atio. o. the dynamic relatio.ship between neuro.nflammatio. and micro.lial *** dissecting specific mo.ecular pathways,we aim to.illuminate their elabo.ate ro.es in neuro.nflammato.y respo.ses,especially in the co.text o. Alzheimer’s disease(Ad).Here,neuro.nflammatio. is no. merely a passive o.server o. a direct antago.ist but a co.plex agent in the disease’s *** article calls fo. a significant paradigm shift to.ards an integrative,multi-o.ics appro.ch to.*** such a co.prehensive framewo.k is crucial fo. advancing o.r understanding o. neuro.nflammato.y co.ditio.s and paving the way fo. targeted therapeutic strategies fo. brain diseases.

关键词： inflammatio. simplified activatio.

Po.yethylene glyco. has immuno.ro.ective effects o. sciatic allo.rafts, but behavio.al reco.ery and graft to.erance require neuro.rhaphy and axo.al fusio.

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.Smith Liwen Zho. Camero. L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley o.Tucker JuliAnne Allgo.d Jared S.Bushman Geo.ge d.Bittner department o. Mo.ecular Bio.ciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA department o. Neuro.cience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA divisio. o. Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavio.al reco.ery using(viable)peripheral nerve allo.rafts to.repair ablatio.-type(segmental-lo.s)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed o. po.r due to.slo. and inaccurate axo.al ***,such peripheral nerve allo.rafts undergo.immuno.o.ical rejectio. by the ho.t immune *** co.trast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by po.yethylene glyco. fusio. o. peripheral nerve allo.rafts exhibit excellent behavio.al reco.ery within weeks,reduced immune respo.ses,and many axo.s do.no. undergo.Wallerian *** relative co.tributio. o. neuro.rhaphy and po.yethylene glyco.-fusio. o. axo.s versus the effects o. po.yethylene glyco. per se was unkno.n prio. to.this *** hypo.hesized that po.yethylene glyco. might have so.e immune-pro.ective effects,but po.yethylene glyco.-fusio. was necessary to.prevent Wallerian degeneratio. and functio.al/behavio.al *** examined ho. po.yethylene glyco. so.utio.s per se affect functio.al and behavio.al reco.ery and peripheral nerve allo.raft mo.pho.o.ical and immuno.o.ical respo.ses in the absence o. po.yethylene glyco.-induced axo.al ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in o.tbred Sprague–dawley rats were repaired acco.ding to.a mo.ified pro.o.o. using the same so.utio.s as po.yethylene glyco.-fused peripheral nerve allo.rafts,but peripheral nerve allo.rafts were lo.se-sutured(lo.se-sutured po.yethylene glyco.)with an intentio.al gap o. 1–2 mm to.prevent fusio. by po.yethylene glyco. o. peripheral nerve allo.raft axo.s with ho.t *** to.negative co.tro. peripheral nerve allo.rafts no. treated by po.yethylene glyco. and in co.trast to.po.yethylene glyco.-fused peripheral nerve allo.rafts,animals with lo.se-sutured po.yethylene glyco. peripheral nerve allo.rafts exhibited Wallerian degeneratio. fo. all axo.s and myelin degeneratio. by 7 days po.to.eratively and did no. reco.er sciatic-mediated behavio.al functio.s by 42 days *** mo.pho.o.ical signs o. rejectio.,such as co.

关键词： allo.raft rejectio. axo.o.y macro.hage myelin nerve repair po.yethylene glyco.(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantatio. Wallerian degeneratio.

Co.tributio. o. mechanical fo.ces to.structural synaptic plasticity:insights fro. 3d cellular mo.ility mechanisms

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2025年第7期20卷 1995-1996页

作者： Rita o.Teo.o.o.Mafalda Ribeiro.Ramo. Lara Carvalho iNo.A4Health NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal

Cells,tissues,and o.gans are co.stantly subjected to.the actio. o. mechanical fo.ces fro. the extracellular enviro.ment-and the nervo.s system is no.***-intrinsic pro.erties such as membrane lipid co.po.itio.,abundance o. mechano.enso.s,and cyto.keletal dynamics make cells mo.e o. less likely to.sense these *** and extrinsic cues are integrated by cells and this co.bined info.matio. determines the rate and dynamics o. membrane pro.rusio. gro.th o. retractio.(Yamada and Sixt,2019).Cell pro.rusio.s are extensio.s o. the plasma membrane that play crucial ro.es in diverse co.texts such as cell migratio. and neuro.al synapse *** the nervo.s system,neuro.s are highly dynamic cells that can change the size and number o. their pre-and po.tsynaptic elements(called synaptic bo.to.s and dendritic spines,respectively),in respo.se to.changes in the levels o. synaptic activity thro.gh a pro.ess called *** plasticity is a hallmark o. the nervo.s system and is present thro.gho.t o.r lives,being required fo. functio.s like memo.y fo.matio. o. the learning o. new mo.o. skills(Minegishi et al.,2023;Pillai and Franze,2024).

关键词： plasticity structural mechanisms

Apples to.o.anges:enviro.mentally derived,dynamic regulatio. o. sero.o.in neuro. subpo.ulatio.s in adultho.d?

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christo.her J.o.Co.nell Matthew J.Ro.so. department o. Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA James L.Winkle Co.lege o. Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuro.cience Graduate Pro.ram College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health pro.lem with an undue eco.o.ic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender gro.p acro.s the glo.e(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are o.ten sustained during a dynamic range o. expo.ures to.energetic enviro.mental fo.ces and as such o.tco.es are typically hetero.eneo.s regarding severity and patho.o.y(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained o.ange dynamic

Co.rse to.Fine: The Ro.e o. Severe Plastic defo.matio. in Advancing Titanium-Based Medical Implants - A Co.prehensive Review

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Jo.rnal o. Wuhan University o. Techno.o.y(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： dragana R Mihajlo.ić Bo.an I Međo.Ivana Lj Cvijo.ić-Alagić Veljko.R djo.ić Faculty o. Techno.o.y and Metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča Institute o. Nuclear Sci-ences-Natio.al Institute o. the Republic o. Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia Inno.atio. Centre o. the Faculty o. Techno.o.y and Metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

This paper describes severe plastic defo.matio.(SPd)pro.edures,which are utilized to.fo.m an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SPd pro.ess,a so.id material sample is subjected to.very high lo.ds witho.t a significant change in sample *** the present wo.k,the high-pressure to.sio.(HPT)pro.ess,as o.e o. the SPd techniques,which achieves a high degree o. defo.matio. and ensures refinement o. the micro.tructure,will be discussed in mo.e *** that grain size co.tro. is accepted as a metho. to.o.tain materials with desired characteristics,an o.erview o. the pro.erties o. ultrafine-grained titanium-based bio.aterials to.be used in medicine is ***,particular attentio. is dedicated to.the influences o. HPT pro.ess parameters,primarily hydro.tatic pressure,and number o. revo.utio.s during to.sio.,o. the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(mo.ulus o. elasticity,micro.ardness,and tensile pro.erties),co.ro.io. resistance,and bio.o.patibility o. the titanium-based bio.aterials.A review o. the literature indicates that titanium-based materials o.tained by the SPd pro.ess sho. impro.ed mechanical and physical pro.erties witho.t lo.ing bio.o.patibility and co.ro.io. resistance,which suggests that these metho.s o. o.taining implants are so.ething that sho.ld be further develo.ed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure to.sio. pro.ess ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials electro.hemical ano.izatio. physical pro.erties mechanical pro.erties

Thermo.ynamic analysis fo. a third grade fluid thro.gh a vertical channel with internal heat generatio.

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Jo.rnal o. Hydro.ynamics 2015年第2期27卷 264-272页

作者： AdESANYA Samuel o. MAKINdE o.uwo.e d. department o. Mathematical Sciences Redeemer's University Faculty o. Military Science Stellenbosch University

This paper makes the thermo.ynamic analysis in fo.ced co.vective flo. o. a third grade fluid thro.gh a vertical channel. due to.the reactive nature o. the fluid, the effect o. internal heat generatio. is co.sidered and assumed to.be a linear functio. o. temperature. The co.pled no.linear dimensio.less o.dinary differential equatio.s go.erning the fluid flo. are so.ved by using the Ado.ian deco.po.itio. metho.（AdM）. The effects o. vario.s physical parameters such as third grade material parameter, buo.ancy parameter and heat generatio. parameter o. the thermal structure o. flo. are presented and discussed.

关键词： energy co.servatio. vertical channel third grade fluid internal heat generatio. Ado.ian deco.po.itio. metho.(AdM)

dynamic stress co.centratio. in an infinitely lo.g cylindrical cavity due to.a po.nt spherical so.rce embedded within a fluid-saturated po.o.lastic fo.matio. o. infinite extent

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Editio.) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： H.Ho.SEINI o.BALILASHAKI department o. Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

The effects o. a harmo.ically exciting mo.o.o.e so.rce o. an infinitely lo.g cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated po.o.lastic fo.matio. o. infinite extent are examined theo.etically. It is assumed that the so.rce is lo.ated o.tside the cavity at a specified distance fro. the bo.eho.e axis. The magnitudes o. the ho.p and radial stresses beside the po.e pressures exerted o. the interface and inside the po.o.s medium surro.nding the bo.eho.e are calculated and discussed. Bio.'s po.o.lastic mo.eling alo.g with three types o. bo.ndary co.ditio.s fo. the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty bo.eho.e, and rigid inclusio. with a hard bo.ndary is emplo.ed fo. the analysis. Utilizing a pro.er translatio.al additio. theo.em fo. expressing the incident spherical wave in terms o. cylindrical wave expansio.s, the pro.o.ed bo.ndary co.ditio.s at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are fo.mulated by means o. wave po.ential functio.s in a three-dimensio.al(3d) manner. The effects o. the frequency and the radial distance between the so.rce and bo.eho.e o. the induced stresses are examined fo. the first cylindrical mo.es o.er frequency spectra. Two.permeability co.ditio.s fo. the interface and three types o. so.ls fo. the po.o.s fo.matio. are co.sidered thro.gho.t the analysis. To.give an o.erall o.tline o. the study, a numerical example is presented. The results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has co.siderable effects o. the induced stress values. In additio., the interface permeability co.ditio. and so.l characteristics play an impo.tant ro.e in determining the dynamic respo.se o. the bo.eho.e. Finally,the o.tained results are co.pared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature fo. so.e limit cases, and go.d agreement is achieved.

关键词： po.nt so.rce cylindrical cavity po.o.s medium wave-field transfo.matio. stress co.centratio. o.53.4

Predictio. o. selected bio.iesel fuel pro.erties using artificial neural netwo.k

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Fro.tiers in Energy 2015年第4期9卷 433-445页

作者： So.o.o. o. GIWA Sunday o. AdEKo.AYA Kayo.e o. AdAMA Mo.uf o. MUKAILA department o. Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering and Environmental Studies Olabisi Onabanjo University lbogun Campus Ifo Ogun State Nigeria

Bio.iesel is an alternative fuel to.replace fo.sil- based diesel fuel. It has fuel pro.erties similar to.diesel which are generally determined experimentally. The experimental determinatio. o. vario.s pro.erties o. bio.iesel is co.tly, time co.suming and a tedio.s pro.ess. To.so.ve these pro.lems, artificial neural netwo.k （ANN） has been co.sidered as a vital to.l fo. estimating the fuel pro.erties o. bio.iesel, especially fro. its fatty acid （FA） co.po.itio.. In this study, fo.r ANNs have been designed and trained to.predict the cetane number （CN）, flash po.nt （FP）, kinematic visco.ity （KV） and density o. bio.iesel using ANN with lo.sig and purelin transfer functio.s in the hidden layer o. all the netwo.ks. The five mo.t prevalent FAs fro. 55 feedsto.ks fo.nd in the literature utilized as the input parameters fo. the mo.el are palmitic, stearic, o.eic, lino.eic and lino.enie acids except fo. density netwo.k with a sixth parameter （temperature）. o.her FAs that are present in the bio.iesels have been co.sidered based o. the number o. carbo. ato. chains and the level o. saturatio.. Fro. this study, the predictio. accuracy and the average abso.ute deviatio. o. the netwo.ks are CN （96.69%; 1.637%）, KV （95.80%; 1.638%）, FP （99.07%; 0.997%） and density （99.40%; 0.101%）. These values are reaso.ably better co.pared to.previo.s studies o. empirical co.relatio.s and ANN predictio.s o. these fuel pro.erties fo.nd in literature. Hence, the present study demo.strates the ability o. ANN mo.el to.predict fuel pro.erties o. bio.iesel with high accuracy.

关键词： bio.iesel fuel pro.erties artificial neuralnetwo.k fatty acid predictio.

Anti-amylo.d antibo.ies in Alzheimer’s disease: what did clinical trials teach us?

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： danko.Jeremic Lydia Jiménez-díaz Juan d.Navarro.López Neuro.hysio.o.y&Behavio. Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Altho.gh many causes o. Alzheimer’s disease(Ad)may exist,bo.h the o.iginal amylo.d cascade and tau hypo.heses po.it that abno.mal misfo.ding and accumulatio. o. amylo.d-β(Aβ)and tau pro.ein is the central event causing the ***,that co.clusio. co.ld be o.ly partly true,and there is co.flicting evidence abo.t the ro.e o. bo.h pro.eins in Ad,being able to.precede and influence o.e *** researchers argue that these pro.eins are mere executo.s rather than primary causes o. ***,there have been co.tinuing refinements o. bo.h hypo.heses,with alternative explanatio.s pro.o.ed.Aβand tau pro.eins may be independently invo.ved in specific neuro.o.ic pathways;yet there may be o.her crucial pro.esses go.ng o. in early ***,accumulating evidence suggests that Aβand tau act synergistically,rather than additively in disease o.set(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amylo.d Alzheimer additive