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Biochar-compost-based controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer intended for an active microbial community

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 326-343页

作者： Robiul Islam RUBEL Lin WEI Salman ALANAZI abdulkarim.aldekhail Anne CMCIDREIRA Xufei YANG Sanjita WASTI Samarthya BHAGIA Xianhui ZHAO Department of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57007USA Tickle College of Engineering University of Tennessee KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37830USA

Nitrogen(N) fertilizers in agriculture suffer losses by volatilization of N to the air, surface runoff and leaching into the soil, resulting in low N use efficiency(NUE)( 50%) and raising severe environmental pollutions. Controlledrelease nitrogen fertilizers(CRNFs) can control the release of N nutrients to NUE in crop production. Different methods were used to develop new ***, different CRNF technologies are still underdeveloped due to inadequate controlling on N releasing time and/or unsustainable diffusion. The study on the influences of CRNF processing parameters on microbial conditions are lacking when the CRNFs composed of various bio-ingredients such as biochar, composts, and biowaste. The complexity of processing methods, material biodegradability, and other physical properties make current CRNFs of questionable value in agricultural production. This research aims to develop a novel biochar-compost-based controlled-release urea fertilizer(BCRUF) to preserve microbial properties carried by the compost. The BCRUF was synthesized by pelletizing the 50:50(dry, wt/wt) mixture of biochar and compost. BCRUF was loaded with urea and then spray-coated with polylactic acid(PLA). The releasing time of two types of BCRUFs, coated and uncoated with PLA, for 80% of N release in water was up to 6 h at three different temperatures(4, 23, and 40 °C), compared to conventional urea fertilizer and commercial environmentally smart N(ESN) fertilizer. The releasing time of coated BCRUF for 80% N release in soil was up to 192 h(8 days). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) analysis revealed that no new functional groups were found in the release solution, indicating no new chemical hazards generated. The differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)tests also verified that its thermal stability could be up to 160 °C. The microbe populations in the BCRUF pellets were reduced after the pelleting and drying processes in BCRUF fabrication, but a few bacteria can endure in t

关键词： Soil microbial community biochar compost controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer polylactic acid spray coating

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A numerical investigation into the effect of altering compression ratio, injection timing, and injection duration on the performance of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel-biodiesel-butanol blend

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 73-96页

作者： abdulkarim Youssef Amr Ibrahim Mechanical Engineering Department Beirut Arab University115020 BeirutLebanon Mechanical Engineering Department Alexandria UniversityAlex 21544Egypt

Using renewable fuels for diesel engines can reduce both air pollution and dependence on fossil fuels.A computer simulation was constructed to predict the performance,combustion characteristics,and NOx emissions of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel-biodiesel-butanol *** simulation was validated by comparing the modelling results against experimental data and a good agreement between the results was *** fuels used for the validation were diesel(B0),biodiesel(B100),diesel-biodiesel blend(B50),and two diesel-biodiesel-butanol blends with 45%diesel-45%biodiesel-10%butanol(Bu10)and 40%diesel-40%biodiesel-20%butanol(Bu20)by *** results showed that the addition of butanol reduced NOx emissions but deteriorated the engine *** aim of the current work was the numerical optimization of the different parameters to enhance the engine performance while using butanol to decrease NOx *** engine compression ratio(CR)varied from 14 to 24,in increments of *** injection timing(IT)was reduced from 30°before top dead centre(bTDC)to 5°bTDC in increments of 5°.Also,the fuel injection duration(IDur)was extended from 20°to 50°in increments of 10°.Results showed that the increase in the CR improved engine performance for the two investigated fuels,Bu10 and *** maximum engine brake power(BP),thermal efficiency(BTE),and minimum brake-specific fuel consumption(BSFC)of 1.46 kW,32.3%,and 0.273 kg/kWh respectively,were obtained when the Bu10 fuel was injected under the optimum conditions of 24 CR,15°bTDC IT,and 40°*** these optimum conditions,the BP,BTE,and BSFC improved by 3%-3.5%for Bu10 and Bu20 fuel blends compared with the base engine conditions of a CR of 22,30°IDur,and 10°bTDC *** heat release rate during the premixed phase increased when the IT was advanced,while the mixing-controlled combustion phase was enhanced when the IT was *** emissions increased with increasing CR,while both an increase in IDur at con

关键词： compression ratio injection timing injection duration butanol biodiesel diesel

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Intelligent Identification and Resolution of Software Requirement Conflicts:Assessment and Evaluation

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第2期40卷 469-489页

作者： Maysoon aldekhail Marwah Almasri College of Computer and Information Sciences Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic UniversityRiyadh 13318Saudi Arabia College of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic UniversityRiyadh 11673Saudi Arabia

Considerable research has demonstrated how effective requirements engineering is critical for the success of software *** engineering has been established and recognized as one of the most important aspects of software engineering as of *** is noteworthy to mention that requirement consistency is a critical factor in project success,and conflicts in requirements lead to waste of cost,time,and effort.A considerable number of research studies have shown the risks and problems caused by working with requirements that are in conflict with other *** risks include running overtime or over budget,which may lead to project *** the very least,it would result in the extra expended *** studies have also stated that failure in managing requirement conflicts is one of the main reasons for unsuccessful software projects due to high cost and insufficient *** prior research studies have proposed manual techniques to detect conflicts,whereas other research recommends automated approaches based on human ***,there are different resolutions for conflicting *** previous work proposed a scheme for dealing with this problem using a novel intelligent method to detect conflicts and resolve them.A rule-based system was proposed to identify conflicts in requirements,and a genetic algorithm(GA)was used to resolve *** objective of this work is to assess and evaluate the implementation of the method of minimizing the number of conflicts in the *** methodology implemented comprises two different *** first stage,detecting conflicts using a rule-based system,demonstrated a correct result with 100% *** evaluation of using the GA to resolve and reduce conflicts in the second stage also displayed a good result and achieved the desired goal as well as the main objective of the research.

关键词： Requirement conflicts genetic algorithm rule-based system software requirements requirements engineering

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Spices, herbal xenobiotics and the stomach: Friends or foes?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第22期16卷 2710-2719页

作者： Ibrahim abdulkarim Al Mofleh Department of Medicine King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine King Saud University

Spices and herbal remedies have been used since ancient times to treat a variety of disorders. It has been experimentally demonstrated that spices, herbs, and their extracts possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, lipid-lowering, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antimutagenic and anticancer activities, besides their gastroprotective and anti-ulcer activities. Despite a number of reports on the toxicity of herbs and spices, they are generally accepted as safer alternatives to conventional therapy against gastric ulcers. To this end, it is also believed, that excessive consumption of spices may favor the pathogenesis of gastric and duodenal ulcer and some studies have substantiated this common perception. Based on various in vivo experiments and clinical studies, on the effects of spices and herbs on gastric ulcers, it has indeed been shown that certain spices do possess remarkable anti-ulcer properties mediated by antisecretory, cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-Helicobacter pylori effects and mechanisms regulated by nitric oxide, prostaglandins, non-protein sulfhydryl molecules and epidermal growth factor expression. Accordingly, their consumption may attenuate and help prevent peptic ulcer disease. In the present review, the beneficial effects of spices and herbal nutritive components on the gastric mucosa are discussed against the paradigm of their deleterious potential.

关键词： Herbs Spices Stomach Stomach ulcers Anti-ulcer agents

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Effect of nettle(Urtica dioica) extract on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in male rabbits

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第9期5卷 729-732页

作者： Nadia abdulkarim Salih Pharmacology Department of Basic Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Sulaimani

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant ef ect of an orally administered ethanol extract of nettle(Urtica dioica) and its protective role in preventing or ameliorating oxidative stress as a major factor in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in male rabbits. Methods: Twenty rabbits were divided into 4 equal groups:(G1) control group,(G2) gentamicin treated group(100 mg/kg),(G3) nettle treated group(100 mg/kg),(G4) combination treated group with both gentamicin(100 mg/kg) and nettle(100 mg/kg) for 10 days. The antioxidant properties of nettle were evaluated using dif erent antioxidant tests, such as determination of glutathione and malondialdehyde levels and total phenolic content analysis. Results: Biochemical and histopathological study revealed that gentamicin caused nephrotoxicity observed clearly in the histopathological section of the kidney in the gentamicin treated group. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were biochemical indicators for nephrotoxicity which increased signii cantly in gentamicin treated group; other groups have no signii cant change in these two parameters. Nettle extract protected the rabbits from alteration in the level of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine when given after inducing of gentamicin nephrotoxicity. The nettle treated group showed a great ef ect as an antioxidant factor by increasing the glutathione level and reducing malondialdehyde level. No signii cant changes in biochemical parameters and no renal histopathological changes observed in the groups treated with nettle extract, which meant nettle had powerful antioxidant activity. Conclusions: Therefore, it can be assumed that the nephroprotective ef ect shown by nettle in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity can reserve intracellular levels of biological pathways and supportively enhance excretion of toxic levels of gentamicin.

关键词： Antioxidant activity Nettle Urtica dioica Gentamicin Herbal medicine Histopathological study and nephrotoxicity

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Gender Differences in Stemi in Zhenjiang China

Gender Differences in Stemi in Zhenjiang China

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作者： MUSA abdulkarim ABDULLAHI 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

BackgroundHeart conditions are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity *** burden associated with different heart diseases such as ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction（STEMI）is directly related to risk factors,inflammatory cascades,poor prognosis and mortality especially when diagnosis is prolonged without appropriate *** has seen a rise in STEMI patients in the past *** is understood that female STEMI patients tend to have worse outcomes when compared to male STEMI patients in the first world *** is yet to be clarified if middle income countries or countries on the verge to become first world countries such as China have similar consequence of STEMI in female *** and ObjectiveOur objective was to compare the in-hospital outcomes between male and female STEMI *** the analyzed variables were used to compare male and female STEMI patients discharged between 2017 to 2019 in a retrospective analysis of retrieved data from the Affiliated hospital of Jiangsu University Zhenjiang,Jiangsu,*** patients who were discharged from the Department of Cardiology,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from July 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively *** patients who were mainly diagnosed as acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction were *** compared the clinical characterize of the female and male STEMI patients,analyzed of acute management and medical therapies for secondary prevention between female and male STEMI *** evaluated sex differences in medical treatment,and in-hospitalmajor adverse cardiac events（MACE）in STEMI *** this retrospective analysis,472 STEMI patients were *** were117 females and 355 *** and male patients had equivalent mean ages of63.9 ± 9.4 and 62.9 ± 10.1 years,*** and females have a similar proportion of hypertension（66.7 % vs 62.5 %,P ＞ 0.05）.Smoking,drinking and hyperlipidemiapercentage is b

关键词：急性心肌梗死(STEMI) 性别因素主要心脏不良事件(MACE)

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Synthesis and Characterization of New 3-（3-Hydroxyphenyl）-4- alkyl-3,4-dihydrobenzo[e][1,3]oxazepine-1,5-dione Compounds

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第7期29卷 1518-1522页

作者： Osman, Hasnah Mohammad, abdulkarim-Talaq Yeap, Guan-Yeow Adam, Farook School of Chemical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Minden 11800 Penang Malaysia

A series of 3-（3-hydroxyphenyl）-4-alkyl-3,4-dihydrobenzo[e][1,3]oxazepine-l,5-dione compounds with general formula CnH2n＋1CNO（CO）2C6H4（C6HnOH） in which n are even parity numbers from 2 to 18. The structure deter- minations on these compounds were performed by FT-IR spectroscopy which indicated that the terminal alkyl chain attached to the oxazepine ring was fully extended. Conforrnational analysis in DMSO at ambient temperature was carried out for the first time via high resolution 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy.

关键词： 3,4-dihydrobenzo[e]oxazepine-l,5-diones synthetic method structure elucidication

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Assessment of Aged Offshore Jacket Type Platforms Considering Environmental Loads and Degradation Parameters

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2023年第2期17卷 89-113页

作者： Yazeed Al-Radhi Farzad Hejazi Azmi abdulkarim Ali Feroozi Department of Civil Engineering Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Housing Research Center Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Structural Department DAR-Energy Sdn.Bhd.Kuala Lumpur50400Malaysia Faculty of Engineering University of BotswanaGaborone999106Botswana

Offshore steel structures are a common investment in oil and gas industries operating in shallow to medium depth *** structures have become increasingly popular since the mid-19th century,with a typical design life of 30-50 *** their popularity,the structural integrity of existing offshore structures remains a controversial *** loads and material degradation have been identiﬁed as signiﬁcant factors that can compromise the structural integrity of offshore *** address this issue,this study aims to investigate the reserved strength capacity of a selected offshore structure located in the Malaysian *** study will explore the effect of oceanographic data,variations in vertical load,and corrosion on the structure’s main *** determine the impact of each variable on the reserved strength ratio(RSR)of the structure,several pushover analyses were conducted with different *** literature has shown little or no relationship between seawater wave height,gravity loads,and corrosion allowance on submerged steel members and the RSR of offshore ***,this study aims toﬁll this gap in knowledge by examining these variables’effects on the RSR of offshore *** study’sﬁndings indicate that even a slight increase in wave height can signiﬁcantly impact the structure’s RSR due to the increase in lateral loading,potentially leading to severe damage to structural components and the foundation ***,gravity loads had an adverse effect on the RSR of the structure when more than double the vertical load was *** allowance was also found to impact the RSR,particularly when assuming signiﬁcant wall thickness corrosion in primary ***,theﬁndings of this study have important implications for the design and maintenance of offshore *** results suggest that engineers and operators should pay close attention to the potential impacts of environmental loads,such as wa

关键词： Assessment life extension offshore platforms platform reserved strength ratio global ultimate strength analysis

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Emotion detection on webpages using biosensors integrated to a window-based dynamic control system

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2022年第2期15卷 277-301页

作者： Fatima Isiaka Salihu Aish abdulkarim Kassim Mwitondi Zainab Adamu Computer Science Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK Federal University Dutse DutseNigeria Computing Department Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK Ahmadu Bello University ZariaNigeria

Purpose-Detecting emotion on user experience of web applications and browsing is important in many *** designers and developers find such approach quite useful in enhancing navigational features of webpages,and biomedical personnel regularly use computer simulations to monitor and control the behaviour of *** the other hand,law enforcement agents rely on human physiological functions to determine the likelihood of falsehood in *** often,online user experience is studied via tangible measures such as task completion time,surveys and comprehensive tests from which data attributes are *** of users’emotion and behaviour in some of these cases depends mostly on task completion time and number of clicks per given time ***,such approaches are generally subjective and rely heavily on distributional assumptions making the results prone to recording ***/methodology/approach-The authors propose a novel method-a window dynamic control system that addresses the foregoing *** data were obtained from laboratory experiments during which forty-four volunteers had their synchronised physiological readings,skin conductance response(SCR),skin temperature(ST),eye movement behaviour and users’activity attributes taken using *** windowbased dynamic control system(PHYCOB I)is integrated to the biosensor which collects secondary data attributes from these synchronised physiological readings and uses them for two *** both detection of optimal emotional responses and users’stress *** method’s novelty derives from its ability to integrate physiological readings and eye movement records to identify hidden correlates on a ***-Results show that the control system detects basic emotions and outperforms other conventional models in terms of both accuracy and reliability,when subjected to model comparison that is,the average recoverable natural structures for the three models with

关键词： Skin conductance response Skin temperature Eye tracker sensors Human physiological functions Online behaviour Dynamic control system

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T4-like coliphage ΦKAZ14 virulent to pathogenic and extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli of poultry origin

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Virologica Sinica 2015年第1期30卷 73-75页

作者： Kaikabo Adamu Ahmad abdulkarim Sabo Mohanmmed Faridah Abas Sieo Chin Chin Department of Food Science Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universitiy Putra Malaysia Bacterial Research Department National Veterinary Research Institute Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences Universitiy Putra Malaysia

Dear Editor,Bacteriophages(otherwise called phages)are a type of virus that infect *** viral type has found useful applications in the control of bacterial pathogens in foods and food processing *** addition,phages ma... 详细信息

关键词： producing pathogenic lactamase ESBL otherwise environments phage chicken poultry avian

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