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The roles of polysaccharides in tilapia farming:A review

Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第1期9卷 20-27页

作者： Zulhisyam abdul Kari Wendy Wee Noor Khalidah abdul Hamid Mahmoud A.O.Dawood Nik Nur Azwanida Binti Zakaria Lee Seong Wei Department of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Agro-Based IndustryUniversiti Malaysia KelantanJeli CampusJeliKelantan17600Malaysia Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group Faculty of Agro-Based IndustryUniversiti Malaysia KelantanJeli CampusJeliKelantan17600Malaysia Center of Fundamental and Continuing Education Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala NerusTerengganu21030Malaysia School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaMindenPulau Pinang11800Malaysia Animal Production Department Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El-Sheikh33516Egypt The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability The American University in Cairo11835CairoEgypt

Impairment of fish growth and immune system due to stress and disease are major constraints in aquaculture ***,antibiotic was used as prophylactic agent in the health management of aquaculture ***,antibiotic only provide a temporary solution to the problem of disease ***-reliance on antibiotic also has led to the increasing cases of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria from aquaculture sites and contamination of antibiotic residues into human food ***,prebiotic and symbiotic are therefore suggested as alternatives to prophylactic antibiotic to be used in the aquaculture industry.A potential prophylactic agent is polysaccharide that could be developed into an alternative antibiotic for aquatic *** this review paper,definition,sources,and mode of action of polysaccharide are *** roles of polysaccharides in fish farming with emphasis on growth improvement,immune system enhancement,disease resistance stimulation in tilapia farming,and the effects of polysaccharides on abiotic stressors are summarized and discussed.

关键词： Aquaculture Growth performance Immune response Disease resistance Abiotic stressor Synergistic Polysaccharide

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Modulating oxygen vacancy concentration for selective growth of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes with narrow diameters

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 44-54页

作者： Lei Yang Tingkai Zhao abdul Jalil Huijun Luo Tao Jiang Yuan Shu Yazhou Yin Weiyu Jia NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials&Defects Engineering Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Graphene New Carbon Materials and ApplicationsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Department of Physics Allama Iqbal Open University IslamabadPakistan

Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes(s-SWCNTs)with narrow diameters are promising for future applications in many fields,especially in nanoelectronics and *** this study,the oxygen vacancy concentration modulating strategy was utilized for growing narrow diameters s-SWCNTs by the chemical vapor deposition(CVD)*** Fe_(0.01)Mg_(0.99)O solid solution based catalyst was syn-thesized to anchor the Fe particles and inhibit aggregation for growing SWCNTs with uniform ***_(2)was introduced into the catalyst to provide oxygen vacancies through H_(2)*** oxygen vacancies could form an oxidative environment during the growth of SWCNTs,and the chemically active metallic carbon nanotube caps are selectively etched away under this *** Fe/Ce molar ratio and H2 prereduction time were optimized to modulate the oxygen vacancy ***,us-ing the Fe_(0.01)Mg_(0.99)O/CeO_(2)(3)catalyst with 10 min of H_(2)prereduction time,high purity s-SWCNTs with diameters ranging from 1.41 to 1.71 nm and a content of 95.1%were obtained with high selectivity and carbon yield(1.33 wt%).The mechanism behind this phenomenon was elucidated through experimental characterizations and first-principle simulations,further expanding the understanding of the growth of s-SWCNTs through the modulation of oxygen vacancy concentration.

关键词： Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes Oxygen vacancy concentration Fe_(0.01)Mg_(0.99)O/CeO_(2)catalyst

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Energy-aware proof-of-authority:Blockchain consensus for clustered wireless sensor network

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第3期5卷 153-167页

作者： Delphi Hanggoro Jauzak Hussaini Windiatmaja abdul Muis Riri Fitri Sari Evangelos Pournaras Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas IndonesiaDepok 16424Indonesia School of Computing University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

This study addresses integrating blockchain technology into lightweight devices,specifically clustered Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs).Integrating blockchain into the WSNs solves the problems of heterogeneity,data integrity,and data ***,no blockchain integration considers network lifetime in *** research focuses on developing a permissioned blockchain system that incorporates a consensus mechanism known as Proof-of-Authority(PoA)within clustered WSNs with two main *** first feature is to enhance the network lifetime by introducing a rotational selection of block proposers using an Energy-Aware PoA(EAPoA)weighting *** as the Multi-Level Blockchain Model(MLBM),the subsequent feature is to create a hierarchical network model within a blockchain *** MLBM network comprises both local and master *** cluster inside a WSN possesses its local blockchain *** the MLBM,the local blockchain creates a block on the main blockchain by proposing the headers of every 10 blocks to improve data *** local blockchain has its leader,which can increase block *** results show that the proposed solution can overcome traditional PoA performance and is suitable for clustered *** terms of lifetime,the EA-PoA selection method can extend the network lifetime by up to 10%.In addition,the MLBM can increase block production by up to twice each additional cluster compared to a single blockchain network used in traditional PoA.

关键词： Blockchain consensus Proof-of-authority(PoA) Leader selection Wireless sensor network Network lifetime

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Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of Geothermal Power Plant Based on Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Using Mixture of Pure Working Fluids

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Energy Engineering 2024年第8期121卷 2023-2038页

作者： abdul Sattar Laghari Mohammad Waqas Chandio Laveet Kumar Mamdouh El Haj Assad Department of Mechanical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and TechnologyJamshoro76062Pakistan Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering College of EngineeringQatar UniversityDoha00000Qatar Sustainable&Renewable Energy Engineering Department University of SharjahSharjah00000United Arab Emirates

The selection of working fluid significantly impacts the geothermal ORC’s *** a mixture as a working fluid is a strategy to improve the output of geothermal *** the current study,modelling and thermodynamic analysis of ORC,using geothermal as a heat source,is carried out at fixed operating *** model is simulated in the Engineering Equation Solver(EES).An environment-friendly mixture of fluids,i.e.,R245fa/R600a,with a suitable mole fraction,is used as the operating *** mixture provided the most convenient results compared to the pure working fluid under fixed operating *** impact of varying the evaporator pressure on the performance parameters,including energy efficiency,exergy efficiency and net power output is *** system provided the optimal performance once the evaporator pressure reached the maximum *** efficiencies:Energy and Exergy,and Net Power output of the system are 16.62%,64.08%and 2199 kW for the basic cycle and 20.72%,67.76%and 2326 kW respectively for the regenerative cycle.

关键词： Organic rankine cycle internal heat exchanger moderate-temperature geothermal source mixture of the fluid exergy

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The surveillance of arsenic levels in the drinking water of primary schools and the assessment of the potential cancer-related health risks of children in Multan, Pakistan

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第1期10卷 17-23页

作者： Hidayatullah Mahar abdul Rehman Memon Aqsa Ishfaq Suhail Ahmed Soomro Mehran University of Engineering&Technology JamshoroPakistan NFC Institute of Engineering&Technology MultanPakistan

To investigate the levels of arsenic(As)in the groundwater and drinking water of primary schools and their potential impact on human health is main objective of this *** assess risk,the following parameters i.e.,carcinogenic indices(CI),hazardous indexes(HI),carcinogenic risk(CR),and hazardous quotient(HQ)have been measured for both dermal and oral arsenic *** study has been focused on primary schools located in four tehsils of Multan,where water samples were *** levels,with concentrations ranging from 3.31 to 191 mg/l,exceeding the safe limit set by the World Health Organization(WHO)have been detected in 99.9%of the *** results show that arsenic content ranged from 3.31 to 191 mg/l,with 99.9%of the samples exceeding the World Health Organization's safe limit of 10 mg/*** CR and CI exceeded the USEPA limit of 10–6 in all four tehsils ranged from 2.6×10^(-6) to 9.4×10^(-6) and 0.00023 to 0.0009 respectively in both dermal and oral cases.,Multan Sadar(1.51,1.39)and Multan City(1.76,1.71)exhibited HI and HQ values that surpassed the threshold of 1.0,signaling a significant likelihood of chronic and cancer-causing health consequences for individuals who are exposed to polluted water causing *** findings suggest that the groundwater in the Multan district poses a significant health risk to humans due to high levels of arsenic *** contamination is associated with an increased risk of mortality from internal cancers(including liver,kidney,lung,and bladder),as well as a higher HI&CI incidence of skin ***,pregnancy outcomes are affected,with associations found between arsenic exposure and lower birth weight,and infant *** researchers propose that water supply organizations and educational institutions promptly take measures to ensure that the affected areas have access to arsenic-free drinking water for the well-being of students and residents.

关键词： Risk assessment Drinking water contamination Arsenic Primary school Pakistan

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Base Pressure Control with Semi-Circular Ribs at Critical Mach Number

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第9期20卷 2007-2028页

作者： Ambareen Khan Sher Afghan Khan Mohammed Nishat Akhtar abdul Aabid Muneer Baig School of Aerospace Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaPenang11600Malaysia Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty of EngineeringInternational Islamic University MalaysiaKuala Lumpur59000Malaysia Department of Engineering Management College of EngineeringPrince Sultan UniversityP.O.Box 66833Riyadh11586Saudi Arabia

When better fuel-air mixing in the combustion chamber or a reduction in base drag are required in vehicles,rockets,and aeroplanes,the base pressure control is *** the base pressure and drag is necessary in both *** this work,semi-circular ribs with varying diameters(2,4,and 6 mm)positioned at six distinct positions(0.5D,1D,1.5D,2D,3D,and 4D)inside a square duct with a side of 15 mm are proposed as an efficient way to apply the passive control ***-depth research is done on optimising rib size for various rib *** to this study,the base pressure rises as rib height ***,the optimal location for the semi-circular ribs with a diameter of 2 mm is at *** 1D location appears to be optimal for the 4 mm size as *** the 6 mm size,however,the 4D position fills this function.

关键词： Base pressure nozzle pressure ratio base drag sonic Mach number passive control

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新型动态保温相变Trombe墙体热性能的实验研究

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太阳能学报 2024年第2期45卷 10-15页

作者：周世强 Razaqpur abdul Ghani 南开大学环境科学与工程学院天津300071

通过测试一间有一面是相变材料另一面是保温材料的新型动态Trombe墙体的房屋全尺寸模型,对该墙体的热性能进行实验研究。以墙体和房间的空气温度以及通过墙体的热流量和气流速率来评估其性能。结果表明:在相变过程中,温度变化相对平缓;... 详细信息

通过测试一间有一面是相变材料另一面是保温材料的新型动态Trombe墙体的房屋全尺寸模型,对该墙体的热性能进行实验研究。以墙体和房间的空气温度以及通过墙体的热流量和气流速率来评估其性能。结果表明:在相变过程中,温度变化相对平缓;墙体从玻璃获得的热量占其获得总热量的26.2%,且利用其储存的90.1%的热量对房间进行加热;在相变材料放热期间,该墙体可降低室内温度的分层且房间中部的温度至少比室外温度高3.2℃。

关键词：相变材料太阳能保温实验 Trombe墙

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Assessment of spermatogenesis in camels via seminiferous tubule staging and testosterone profiling

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第3期13卷 133-142页

作者： Saif Ullah abdul Quddus Quanwei Wei Wael Ennab Sheeraz Mustafa Jiahao Sun Rahmani Mohammad Malyar abdul Baseer Dagan Mao Fangxiong Shi College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine SciencesBalochistanPakistan Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Ziaddin University Karachi Pakistan

Objective:To investigate the successive morphological stages of spermatogenesis,hormonal regulation,and testosterone profile in dromedary camel ***:Testicular tissue samples were obtained from 12 dromedary bull camels aged 7 to 8 at a local *** histological assessment involved tissue processing,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,and examination under a *** analysis,germ cell identification,and assessment of seminiferous tubules and maturation were *** assay was performed by radioimmunoassay using blood samples collected at regular ***:The study revealed 12 phases of the dromedary camel's seminiferous epithelium cycle,highlighting distinct morphological characteristics and cellular *** migration,maturation,cap formation,and the Golgi-mediated synthesis of proacrosomal vesicles were also explained in dimension,as were the steps of acrosome *** and mature sperm cells were present when spermatogenesis phases were *** analysis of the dimensions of seminiferous tubules revealed specific measures for diameter,area,and epithelial height about luminal ***,there were noticeable variations in the serum testosterone concentrations during the study period,indicating temporal ***:This study outlines the spermatogenesis process in dromedary camels across 12 stages,emphasizing cellular dynamics and acrosomal *** also provides seminiferous tubule measurements and observes seasonal testosterone fluctuations,offering insights into reproductive regulation and potential strategies for camel breeding conservation.

关键词： Spermatogenesis Camel Testosterone profile Morphological staging

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A comprehensive review of radiation effects on solder alloys and solder joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第9期39卷 86-102页

作者： Norliza Ismail Wan Yusmawati Wan Yusoff Nor Azlian abdul Manaf Azuraida Amat Nurazlin Ahmad Emee Marina Salleh Department of Physics Centre for Defence Foundation StudiesUniversiti Pertahanan Nasional MalaysiaKem Sungai BesiKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia Department of Mineral and Geoscience Malaysia Mineral Research CentreJalan Sultan Azlan ShahIpoh 31400PerakMalaysia

In the realm of military and defence applications, exposure to radiation significantly challenges the performance and reliability of solder alloys and joints in electronic systems. This comprehensive review examines radiation-induced effects on solder alloys and solder joints in terms of microstructure and mechanical properties. In this paper, we evaluate the existing literature, including experimental studies and fundamental theory, to provide a comprehensive overview of the behavior of solder materials under radiation. A review of the literature highlights key mechanisms that contribute to radiation-induced changes in the microstructure, such as the formation of intermetallic compounds, grain growth,micro-voids and micro-cracks. Radiation is explored as a factor influencing solder alloy hardness,strength, fatigue and ductility. Moreover, the review addresses the challenges and limitations inherent in studying the effects of radiation on solder materials and offers recommendations for future research. It is crucial to understand radiation-induced effects on solder performance to design robust and radiationresistant electronic systems. A review of radiation effects on solder materials and their applications in electronics serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners in that field.

关键词： Defence technology Solder alloy Solder joints Radiation-induced effect Microstructure Mechanical properties

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The temporal-spatial expression and functional analysis of three gustatory receptor genes in Solenopsis invicta using sweet and bitter compounds

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 448-468页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Waris Yanyuan Lei Guojun Qi Ziying Guan abdul Rashied Jie Chen Lihua Lyu Institute of Plant Protection Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant ProtectionGuangzhouChina Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina

The insect gustatory system participates in identifying potential food sources and avoiding toxic *** this process,gustatory receptors(GRs)recognize feeding stimulant and deterrent ***,the GRs involved in recognizing stimulant and deterrent compounds in the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta,remain ***,we conducted a study on the genes SinvGR1,SinvGR32b,and SinvGR28a to investigate the roles of GRs in detecting feeding stimulant and deterrent *** this current study,we found that sucrose and fructose are feeding stimulants and the bitter compound quinine is a feeding *** fire ant workers showed significant behavior changes to avoid the bitter taste in feeding stimulant *** transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results from developmental stages showed that the SinvGR1,SinvGR32b,and SinvGR28a genes were highly expressed in fire ant ***-specific expression profiles indicated that SinvGR1,SinvGR32b,and SinvGR28a were specifically expressed in the antennae and foreleg tarsi of workers,whereas SinvGR32b gene transcripts were also highly accumulated in the male ***,the silencing of SinvGRI or SinvGR32b alone and the co-silencing of both genes disrupted worker stimulation and feeding on sucrose and *** results also showed that SinvGR28a is required for avoiding quinine,as workers with knockdown of the SinvGR28a gene failed to avoid and fed on *** study first identified stimulant and deterrent compounds of fire ant workers and then the GRs involved in the taste recognition of these *** study could provide potential target gustatory genes for the control of the fire ant.

关键词： behavioral responses feeding assays gustatory receptors RNA interference Solenopsis invicta temporal-spatial expression

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