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Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution of Some Water Resources (Kafr el-Dawar—Egypt)

Natural Resources 2017年第4期8卷 306-319页

作者： abdrabelnabi mohamed abdelhady el-hady E. F. Abdelaty, A. E. Boder Department of Natural Resources & Agricultural Engineering Agriculture Faculty Damanhour University Damanhour Egypt

Kafr el-Dawar is a major industrial city and a municipality on the Nile Delta in northern Egypt. Kafr el-Dawar area is unfortunately suffering from many factories that let out their waste water into the irrigation canal and agricultural drains. Twenty five water samples were collected from five water resources to assess their heavy pollution. The determination of heavy metals (HV) water resources content conducted to compose the following increasing HV concentration sequences;Drain Abu Qir (DA): Min (Cu)_Max (Zn), Canal Dbora Deufsho (CD): Min (Cu)_Max (Zn), Drain Dbora Abu Qir (DD): Min (Cu)_Max (Fe), Drain Kafr Dawar Deufsho (DK) : Min (Cu)_Max (Mn) and Drain Yarn and Fabric (DY) Min (Cu)_Max (Zn). Distribution patterns of HV concentration of water resources were (a) wide spread-distribution (Cr, Co, Mn), (b) moderately spread distribution pattern (Cu, Ni, Pb),and (c) narrow spread distribution pattern (Fe, Cd, Li and Zn) . The association study conducted to classify the HV concentration into three groups;positively highly correlated HV: (Pb_Cd), (Pb_Co), (Pb_Cr), (Cd_Co), (Zn_Fe), (Cr_Co), (Ni_Co) and (Ni_Fe), negatively highly correlated HV: (Pb_Mn), (Cd_Mn), (Mn_Cu) and (Co_Li) and intermediate cases (non-significant positive and negative intercorrelation) that was represented by the other cases. The low values of contamination factor, of short term use (CfiST), showed that the majority of HV concentration, of the studied water resources was at safe use level. This certainly with exception of the cases of cadmium that classified the water resources DA and CD, and DD into polluted and risky levels, respectively. The high values of contamination factor, of long term use (CfiLT), indicated that the studied water resources were mainly contaminated by Cd, Co and Cr heavy metals. Contrary, the low values of (CfiLT) of Zn, Fe, Li, Ni, Pb and Cu, all studied water resources are safe. Contamination degree index (Cd) indicated the safe use at short term of water resource

关键词： Heavy Metals Water Pollution Increasing Concentration Sequence Contamination Factor Kafr el-Dawar

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Forced Convection Flow of Nanofluids Past Power Law Stretching Horizontal Plates

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第2期3卷 121-126页

作者： Fekry mohamed hady Fouad Sayed Ibrahim Hassan Mohammed Hassan el-Hawary Ahmed Mostafa abdelhady Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut Egypt

In the present work, we studied a nonsimilar solution of steady forced convection boundary layer flow and heat transfer of a nanofluid past a stretching horizontal plate. One-phase model has been used for this study. The nonsimilarity equations are solved numerically. We considered a nanofluid consists of AL2O3 as a nanoparticles and water as a base fluid. The volume fraction of nanoparticles is considered in the range 0 ≤ ? ≤ 0.2. with prandtl number pr = 6.2 for the water working as a regular fluid. The parameters which governing the solution are volume fraction of nanoparticles , stretching plate parameter ξ and power law index N. We investigated the effect of these parameters on the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, velocity and temperature profiles. We found that heat transfer rate and skin fraction increased when ? increased. On the other hand, we concluded that the increase in ξ and N made heat transfer rate increases and skin fraction decreases.

关键词： Forced Convection Nanofluid Nonsimilar Solution Heat Transfer Component

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