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Hepatic Elastometry in the Management of Hepatitis B at National Hospital of Niamey

Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期14卷 313-321页

作者： Ousseini Fanta Hamidine Illa Moussa Saley Sahada abdourahamane idrissa fatouma Abdou Nafissatou Ali Cheik Rakia Abdou Boubé Abdou Djibo Ben Moctar Ky Lawagoulé Joseph Emile Daou Mamane Faculty of Health Sciences Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology National Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Laboratoire de Recherche Clinique et Systme de Sant Niger Universit Andr Salifou of Zinder Zinder Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Zinder National Hospital Zinder Niger Department of Infectiology National Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Regional Hospital Centre of Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology General Reference Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology The University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Internal Medicine General Reference Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is a public health problem in Niger which is classified as a high endemicity area with a prevalence ranging from 8 to 17% depending on the studies [1] and that of HBV-related cirrhosis is about 40.26% in 2024. The decision to treat is based on a combination of three parameters: viral load, ALT values and the degree of hepatic fibrosis [2]. The latter is assessed by hepatic elastography (Fibroscan), which is a decisive factor in treatment. In Niger, until 2024, the decision to treat or not to treat a patient with HBV was based on the determination of viral load B and transaminases, and no work evaluating the contribution of this third element, liver elasticity, has been done, hence the interest of our study. Objective: To study the contribution of Fibroscan in measuring hepatic elasticity in the management of patients with HBV. Methodology: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted from January 05 to November 30, i.e. a period of 11 months, on clinically asymptomatic HBsAg-positive patients who had undergone FibroScan liver elasticity measurement. The examination was carried out by a hepatogastroenterologist who had received training in the Fibroscan. The median of ten measures of liver elasticity at the same point with an IQR of less than 30% was considered the valid measure and no or minimal fibrosis was defined as a value ˂7 Kpa, moderate fibrosis as a value between 7 and 10 kpa, severe fibrosis as a value greater than 10 Kpa, and the existence of cirrhosis as a value greater than 14 Kpa were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: Out of 398 patients monitored for HBV, 60 cases met the inclusion criteria, i.e., a frequency of 15.07%. The mean age of the patients was 35.63 years, with extremes of 18 and 70 years. They were predominantly male, with a sex ratio of 3.2. Married patients accounted for 61.67% (n = 37). Jaundice was absent in 91.67% (n = 55). The circumstances of discovery of HBV were the routine health

关键词： Hepatic Elasticity Fibroscan Fibrosis Hepatitis B Niger

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Socio-Spatial Dynamics of Land in Southwest Niger: The Case of the Commune of Gothèye

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第9期14卷 673-682页

作者： Maimouna Ali Salamatou abdourahamane Abdourhimou Amadou Issoufou idrissa Soumana Mahamane Ali Dpartement de Biodiversit et Productions Vgtales Facult des Sciences Agronomiques Universit de Diffa Diffa Niger Dpartement de Productions Animales Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger Niamey Niger Dpartement de Biologie Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niamey Niger

In south-west Niger, ecosystems are losing several hectares of their surface area every year due to internally displaced persons and refugees. The commune of Gothèye is not immune to this situation. The aim of this research is to assess the impact of displaced persons and refugees on socio-spatio-temporal dynamics of ecosystems using Landsat images. To achieve this, Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+ and OLI 8 satellite images from September and March were used (2010 to 2024). Operations on Envi 5.3, field validation output and finally mapping on ArcGIS were the steps involved. Discrimination is significant, with kappa coefficients of 0.97, 0.96, 0.86 and 0.85. The results obtained indicate a degradation of natural ecosystems, reflected in a change in landscape structure, with a marked reduction in the quantity and quality of ecosystem goods. Analysis of the evolution of land use showed that 31% of the land remained in its initial state (unchanged), 69% underwent modifications, and 11% was converted to cropland. Over these fourteen years, the study area has undergone changes in land use patterns, which have resulted in a modification of landscape structure, with a marked decline in the quantity and quality of ecosystem services.

关键词： Dynamics Ecosystem Anthropization Remote Sensing Displaced Persons

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Assessment of Domestic Wastewater Management Practices in the Communal District I of Maradi City, Niger Republic

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2015年第8期3卷 57-65页

作者： Ousmane Laminou Manzo Hassidou Saidou Salamatou abdourahamane Illiassou Saoudé Tidjani idrissa Department of Agricultural Engineering and Water & Forests Faculty of Agronomy and Environmental Sciences Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger

Wastewater treatment is a problem with much acuity in the city of Maradi in general, and particularly in the Communal District I of Maradi. It is for this reason that the present study was conducted which deals with wastewater sanitation. The main objective of this study conducted through a survey is to investigate in the domestic wastewater sanitation in the Communal District I of Maradi city. Specifically, the study aims to estimate the amount of wastewater produced by households and to analyze the sanitation system at household and at district levels. The wastewater management practices in this district were assessed through a descriptive cross sectional study in which a total of 129 households were selected by sample distribution technique in the district neighborhoods and studied using interviewer and administered questionnaires at communal and household levels. The results of the study showed that the amount of domestic wastewater generated is quite large, about 32.27 m3 per person per day, and this comes from several sources including showers, laundry, dishwashing and income generating activities. The results also revealed that the unhealthy state of the Communal District I of Maradi is related to the absence of a wastewater treatment system, the methods and practices used in its management, and the population is also largely responsible for this unhealthy state and not willing to participate to a sanitation project.

关键词： Domestic Wastewater Sanitation Communal District I of Maradi Management Practices

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