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Urban schistosomiasis and associated determinant factors among school children in Bamako, mali, West Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 24-35,23页

作者： abdoulaye Dabo Adama Z Diarra Vanessa machault Ousmane Touré Diarra Sira Niambélé abdoulaye Kanté abdoulaye Ongoiba Ogobara Doumbo Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicinePharmacy and DentistryUniversity of Techniques and Technologies of BamakoBox 1805Bamako UMI 3189Mali Unitéd’entomologie médicale Equipe 7Maladiesémergentes et moustiquesInstitut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santédes ArméesAllée du Médecin Colonel JamotParc du PharoBP6010913262Marseille Cedex 07France

Background:Schistosomiasis is classically described as a rural disease that occurs in areas with poor sanitary ***,over recent decades,there has been an expansion of schistosomiasis foci towards urban areas faced with a rapid and disordered *** Bamako,mali,the impact of environmental change on vector-borne diseases such as schistosomiasis is not well *** study sought to identify the presence of schistosomiasis transmission hotspots in *** this perspective,we aimed to describe the risk factors of the endemization and maintenance of *** and methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out in the six municipalities(communes)in *** information was obtained from earth observation satellites in order to maximize ecological ***-nine blocks of 200 m x 200 m were *** selected a school inside or nearest to each block for urine and stool samples *** study cohort was school children aged between eight and 15 *** Kato-Katz technique and filtration were used for Schistosoma mansoni and *** ova research in stools and urine,*** schools and snail breeding sites were *** malacological surveys were conducted between October 2011 and February *** analysis was used to identify independent predictors of being infected with ***:The prevalence rate of *** was 14.7%(n=1,761)and that of *** 1.5%(n=1,491).Overall,the urinary form was endemic in 76.6%of *** infection significantly varied between the municipalities(pmore prevalent on the left side of the Niger River than the right side(17.4%vs.9.5%respectively;pmost important risk factors associated with *** infection *** pfeifferi,Bulinus

关键词： Schistosomiasis Snails Breeding sites Endemization Bamako mali

Epidemiology of the outbreak,vectors and reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in mali:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2016年第10期9卷 963-968页

作者： abdoulaye Kassoum Kone Doumbo Safiatou Niare mahamadou Ali Thera Kassoum Kayentao abdoulaye Djimde Pascal Delaunay Bourema Kouriba Pascal del Giudice Arezki Izri Pierre marty Ogobara K Doumbo malaria Research and Training Center Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases/Faculty of Medicineand Dentistry/ UMI-3189/University of ScienceTechnique and Technology of BamakoBP 1805BamakoMali Inserm U1065 Centre Mediterraneen de Medecine MoleculaireC3MUniversite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis151route St Antoine de GinestiereBP2319406204 Nice CedexFrance AND Parasitologie-MycologieHopital de l'ArchetCentre Hospitalier Universitaier de NiceFrance Unit of Infectious et Tropical Diseases Hospital Bonnet 83700 FrejusFrance Parasitology-mycology Hospital AvicenneParis 13 UniversityUMR 190Aix-Marseille UniversityFrance

Objective: To compile available data and to estimate the burden, characteristics and risks factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) in mali. methods: Articles in English and French were searched in Hinari, Google scholar and Pubm ed. Unpublished studies were identified by searching in ***. Terms used were Cutaneous leishmaniasis mali; Leishmaniasis mali, Leishmania major mali; or Phlebotomus mali or Sergentomyia mali. We select descriptive studies on CL and sandflies in mali. Data were extracted and checked by the author, then analyzed by region, by study population and type of biological tests, meta-analysis approach with STATA software was used. Results: Nineteen published(n=19) and three unpublished were included. CL epidemiology was characterized by occurrence of clinical cases in different areas of mali, outbreaks restricted to known areas of transmission and isolated cases diagnosed in travelers. In endemic areas, population at risk are young age persons, farmers, ranchers, housewives, teachers and military personnel. The annual incidence ranged from 290 to 580 cases of CL. Leishmania major is the main species encountered throughout the country(North Savanna, Sahel and Sub-Saharan areas), and Phlebotomus duboscqi has been identified as the vector and Sergentomyia(Spelaeomyia)darlingi as possible vector. The overall estimated prevalence of positive LST(Leishmanin Skin Test) was 22.1%. The overall frequency of CL disease among suspected cases was 40.3%. Conclusions: Although descriptive, hospital-based and cross-sectional studies are robust enough to determine the extent of CL in mali; future well-designed eco-epidemiological studies at a nationwide scale are needed to fully characterize CL epidemiology and risk factors in mali.

关键词： Epidemiology Leishmaniasis Cutaneous Risk Factors Vectors Reservoirs mali

multi-Scale Characteristics of Precipitation and Temperature over West Africa Using SmHI-RCA Driven by GCms under RCP8.5

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American Journal of Climate Change 2017年第3期6卷 455-486页

作者： abdoulaye Sarr Agence Nationale de l’ Aviation Civile et de la météorologie du Sénégal (ANACIm) Aéroport LSS Dakar Senegal

In this paper, we use simulations from the Swedish meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SmHI) regional climate model (RCm) version 3.5 (SmHI-RCA3.5) following a multi-GCm boundary forcing approach. The model is run at a horizontal resolution of 50 km on the CORDEX-AFRICA domain. Key characteristics of precipitation, mean temperature and its extremes (minimum and maximum temperature) have been investigated over West Africa and on 3 designed sub-domains, the Sahel (SAH), the Senegal-Gambia (SEN) and the Gulf of Guinea (GOG). The analysis covers a historical period 1981-2005 and two future time slices, an intermediate term (IT) 2031-2055 and a fat term (FT) 2071-2095, under the Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5). The regional climate model RCA, forced by the reanalysis ERA-Interim, 6 CmIP5 GCms and their ensemble, reproduces realistically the climatology of precipitation and temperatures over West Africa. Compared to observed datasets GPCP for precipitation and CRU for temperature, the ensemble outperforms both other GCms and the verification model (ERA-Interim). The major biases in precipitation are the early onset over the Sahel and the little dry season (LDS), from mid-July to mid-September over the Gulf of Guinea, and a few models either overestimate and/or reflect rather poorly. The strong warming in extreme temperatures (minimum and maximum) combined with the drying mainly over Western Sahel (SEN) found in this study will very likely impact notably a vital sector like agriculture, both during the near and far terms.

关键词： Downscaling Scenarios Climate Variability and Change Onset Seasonal Cycle West Africa

预防原则在防治工业污染中的作用 ——借鉴中国经验

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预防原则在防治工业污染中的作用 ——借鉴中国经验

作者： abdoulaye m'Begniga 浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

如果马里这样的发展中国家显然需要工业部门来促进经济增长。与此同时,最重要的是防止可能产生的任何环境破坏。建立一个既充分又有效管理工业活动的法律机制是可取的,而且是必要的。事实上,工业污染会造成严重的环境问题。这种损害不... 详细信息

如果马里这样的发展中国家显然需要工业部门来促进经济增长。与此同时,最重要的是防止可能产生的任何环境破坏。建立一个既充分又有效管理工业活动的法律机制是可取的,而且是必要的。事实上,工业污染会造成严重的环境问题。这种损害不仅影响自然环境的良好质量,而且还会导致威胁生存环境的疾病的爆发。因此,促进建立能够遏制这些环境问题的法律体系是十分重要的。实施既是环境法的基本原则又是防止环境污染的基本要素的预防原则十分必要。正如中华人民共和国执法机关在保护环境的法律中为促进预防原则所做的那样,马里当局也可以利用这一经验,将这一原则纳入环境保护法有效对抗工业污染。

关键词：工业污染环境损害基本原则预防原则实施经验

Forest and Soil Carbon Stocks, Pools and Dynamics and Potential Climate Change mitigation in Nepal

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第6期1卷 800-811页

作者： Shrestha him.Lal Roshan m. Bajracharya Bishal K. Sitaula Department of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Science Kathmandu University Dhulikhel Nepal Department of lnternational Environment and Development Studies Norwegian University of Life Sciences Aas Norway

The degradation of forest and soil contribute significantly to carbon emission to the atmosphere leading to the build-up of carbon dioxide in atmosphere and contributing to global warming. Consequences of climate change are not only the rise in global temperatures, but also changes in the precipitation patterns, which could affect agricultural production, food security, human health and long-term ecosystem properties balance. The deforestation and land degradation are major sources of GHG （greenhouse gas） emissions. International negotiations and dialogues on REDD＋ mechanism are held for both national and local level mitigation policies formulation for the reduction of carbon emission from land use, land use change and forestry sector. The reduction of emissions from fossil fuel combustion and avoidance of deforestation and forest/land degradation constitute lasting and long-term solutions for mitigating climate change. There is an urgent need of relevant and efficient methods of measuring forest and soil carbon through application of the latest geospatial technologies, i.e., GIS （geographic information system）, Remote Sensing and LiDAR （Light Detection and Ranging）. These technologies can support the precise measurement of carbon stocks, as well as, offer cost effective and interoperable data generation methods. The REDD＋ mechanism is being promoted worldwide mainly to reduce the diminishing of forest in developing countries. Such an approach must consider use rights, sustainable management of forests, ensuring and safe-guarding the benefit sharing mechanism and good governance, along with the legal framework and local livelihood concerns.

关键词： Carbon pool land use change mitigation REDD+

Analysis of the Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity on the Reliability of a Photovoltaic module

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Advances in materials Physics and Chemistry 2024年第8期14卷 165-177页

作者： abdoulaye Kabré Dominique Bonkoungou Zacharie Koalaga Dpartement de Physique Laboratoire de Matriaux et Environnement (LA.M.E)-UFR/SEA Universit Joseph Ki-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Photovoltaic energy occupies a significant place in the renewable energy market, with photovoltaic (PV) modules playing a vital role in converting solar energy into electricity. However, their effectiveness is likely to be affected by variations in environmental conditions, including temperature and relative humidity. The study examines the impact of these major climatic factors on the reliability of PV modules, aiming to provide crucial information for optimizing and managing these systems under varying conditions. Inspired by Weibull’s law to model the lifespan of components, we proposed a mathematical model integrating a correction factor linked to temperature and relative humidity. Using this approach, simulations in matlab Simulink reveal that increasing temperature and relative humidity have an adverse impact on the reliability and lifespan of PV modules, with a more pronounced impact on temperature. The results highlight the importance of considering these environmental parameters in the management and optimization of photovoltaic systems to ensure their long-term efficiency.

关键词： Solar Energy PV module Lifespan Reliability Efficiency

A truncated hepatitis E virus ORF2 protein expressed in tobacco plastids is immunogenic in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第2期12卷 306-312页

作者： Yuan-Xiang Zhou maggie Yuk-Ting Lee James ming-him.Ng mee-Len Chye Wing-Kin Yip Sze-Yong Zee Eric Lam Department of Botany The University of Hong Kong PokfulamRoad Hong Kong China Biotech Center Rutgers University 59 Dudley RoadNew Brunswick NJ 08901-8520 United States

AIm： To cost-effectively express the 23-ku pE2, the most promising subunit vaccine encoded by the E2 fragment comprising of the 3＇-portion of hepatitis E virus （HEV） open reading frame 2 （ORF2） in plastids of tobacco （Nicotiana tabacum cv. SR1）, to investigate the transgene expression and pE2 accumulation in plastids, and to evaluate the antigenic effect of the plastid-derived pE2 in mice. mETHODS： Plastid-targeting vector pRB94-E2 containing the E2 fragment driven by rice psbA promoter was constructed. Upon delivery into tobacco plastids, this construct could initiate homologous recombination in psaB-trnfm and trnG-psbC fragments in plastid genome, and result in transgene inserted between the two fragments. The pRB94-E2 was delivered with a biolistic particle bombardment method, and the plastid-transformed plants were obtained following the regeneration of the bombarded leaf tissues on a spectinomycin-supplemented medium. Transplastomic status of the regenerated plants was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis, transgene expression was investigated by Northern blot analysis, and accumulation of pE2 was measured by ELISA. Furthermore, protein extracts were used to immunize mice, and the presence of the pE2-reactive antibodies in serum samples of the immunized mice was studied by ELISA. RESULTS： Transplastomic lines confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis could actively transcribe the E2 mRNA. The pE2 polypeptide was accumulated to a level as high as 13.27 μg/g fresh leaves. The pE2 could stimulate the immunized mice to generate pE2-specific antibodies. CONCLUSION： HEV-E2 fragment can be inserted into the plastid genome and the recombinant pE2 antigen derived is antigenic in mice. Hence, plastids may be a novel source for cost-effective production of HEV vaccines.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus E2 Plastid transformation Vaccine Tobacco

Fruit Powder of Tetrapleura tetraptera in Local Feed on Some Zootechnical Performances of Juveniles of Clarias gariepinus in Concrete Tank

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 56-69页

作者： Ngouana Tadjong Ruben abdoulaye abdoulaye Kana Jean Raphaël Téguia Alexis Laboratory of Aquaculture and Demography of Fisheries Resources Aquaculture Department Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Science of Yabassi University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

This study focused on the supplementation of four-sided spice fruit powder (Tetrapleura tetraptera) on some zootechnical performances of juveniles of Clarias gariepinus and was carried out from February 14 to July 20 at the massoma Fish Farm of Bojongo mbeidi located in the Littoral Region, Department of Wouri, Douala IV district. The farm benefits from a climate favorable to aquaculture activity. For this purpose, five (5) treatments were tested including T0+ (imported feed), T0-, T0.3, T0.4, and T0.5 respectively for the treatments with 0% supplemented food;0.3%;0.4% and 0.5% of Tetrapleura tetraptera powder. A total of 450 Clarias gariepinus fry with an initial average weight of 7 ± 1.5 g, were distributed in happas of 0.49 m2 each placed in Triplicate in a completely randomized device. Four isoprotein foods with 38% crude protein were formulated to feed these fry at 7% of their biomass per day for 15 days then to their fullness until the end of the experiment. Intermediate fishing was carried out every fortnight. 75 days later, the results recorded show that the highest average survival rate (96.44% ± 3.5%) was recorded with the subjects fed feed supplemented with 0.4% T. tetraptera powder. The average weight (120.93 ± 67.20), weight gain (113.93 ± 67.20), specific growth rate (3.64 ± 0.79% g/d) and total lengths and standard (26.43 ± 1.9 and 23.66 ± 1.76) the highest were recorded with the T0+ treatment (imported feed). The highest conditioning factor K (2.14 ± 0.15) was recorded with the treatment supplemented with 0.4% T. tetraptera. The lowest conversion ratio (1.28) was recorded with the treatment fed with imported blue crown food (T0+). Furthermore, the lowest production cost was recorded with the treatment supplemented with 0.4% T. tetraptera. It appears from this study that the juveniles of C. gariepinus better value the feed substituted with 0.4% of the powder of fou

关键词： Tetrapleura tetraptera Local Feed Zootechnical Performance Juvenile of Clarias gariepinus

Experimental Study of the Voltage Quality of the Low Voltage Distribution Network: Application to the City of Bobo-Dioulasso

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第7期12卷 1262-1270页

作者： abdoulaye Zongo Frédéric Ouattara Laboratoire de Recherche en énergétique et météorologie de l’Espace (LAREmE) Unités de Formations et de Recherches en Sciences et Technologies (UFR-ST) Université Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso

The electrical energy produced must be consumed at the same time, hence the need to achieve a balance between supply and demand. Therefore, the production, transport, and distribution systems together constitute an electricity network. The distribution networks are designed to deliver energy to consumers. Unacceptable voltage drops are observed in the distribution networks of developing countries such as Burkina Faso. A study was carried out on the distribution network of the city of Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso. It allowed for experimentation with the “megger mPQ1000” network analyzer to evaluate the quality of the voltage supplied to households. To this end, tests were carried out in a public distribution station and at a few subscribers in the Sarfalao district of the city of Bobo-Dioulasso. These tests were used to assess the percentage of voltage drops. These values, which are higher than 8% of the nominal voltage, are not regulatory. The load curves of the consumers in the district were also drawn. Indeed, the period of the high load is between 19:00 and 23:00 Local Time (LT), while the period of the medium and low load is between 00:00 and 18:00 LT.

关键词： Experimental Voltage Drop mV/LV Networks Network Analyzer