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Etiological and Radiological Profile of Acute Lower Respiratory Infections during the Pre-COVID Period in the Paediatric Ward of the Teaching Hospital of Mali and in the Community Health Centre of Yirimadio in Bamako

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第2期13卷 262-275页

作者： Bourama Kané Mariam Maiga Oumou Koné Korotoumou Wélé Diallo Aboubacar sangaré Mody abdoulaye Camara Mariam Doumbia Abdoul Karim sangaré Bréhima Traoré Lassine G. Timbiné Ibrahima Cissé Ahmadou I. Dramé Bréhima Kouriba Department of Paediatrics CHU Hôpital du Mali Bamako Mali Paediatric Department of the Centre de Santé de Référence de la Commune VI Bamako Mali National Institute of Public Health Bamako Mali Medical imaging department of the CHU Hôpital du Mali Bamako Mali Charles Mérieux Infectious Diseases Centre Bamako Mali Centre de Santé Communautaire de Yirimadio Bamako Mali Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care CHU Hôpital du Mali Bamako Mali

Introduction: Every year, nearly 4 million people pass away from acute respiratory infections. 98% of such deaths are due to lower respiratory tract infections. Even though studies have been carried on lower respiratory infections x-ray aspects in Mali, very few studies have been done to reveal bacteriological and virological evidence of this disease. Materials and methods: It is about a descriptive prospective study carried out from January to December 2018 having involved patients of all ages, coming for medical consultation at the Yirimadio Community-based health center as well as children from 6 months to 15 years old coming at the pediatric department of UHC Hôpital du Mali for a lower respiratory infection. They had all undergone chest X-ray and a PCR. The purpose: of this work is to study etiological and x-ray aspects of acute lower respiratory infections at the Yirimadio Community-based Health Center and at the UHC pediatric department of Hôpital du Mali. Findings: From January to December 2018, we recorded a frequency of 1.19%. The age group 0 - 5 years was the most represented (64.5%) with a sex ratio of 0.97 for women. Cough was the most common clinical sign (98.7%) followed by fever (58.9%). Standard frontal chest X-ray was pathological in 70% of our patients. It was bronchitis in 75.4% of cases, pneumonia (13.5%), and bronchopneumonia (12.3%). PCR positive was in 83.9% of patients. It revealed a co-infection in more than half of the patients (52.5%), bacterial infection (16.1%) and viral infection (15.2%). Pathogens isolated ranked by frequency were Streptococcus pneumoniaa (87.6%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24.9%) and human rhinovirus (17%). The most common viral causes were human rhinovirus (17%), followed by influenza A and B virus (7%) and human parainfluenza virus (7%). Conclusion: It stemed from the study that lower respiratory infections were mainly due to Streptococcus pneumonea and human rhinovirus during pre-COVID at the Yirimadio Community-based health center and UHC Hôpital du Mal

关键词： Lower Respiratory Infections Etiologies Children Mali

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外部行为体对非洲政变中的干预分析：法国在马里和尼日尔军事政变角色比较分析（2010年至2012年）

外部行为体对非洲政变中的干预分析：法国在马里和尼日尔军事政变...

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作者： abdoul karim ASSOUMI HAROUNA 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

军事政变和军人干政是非洲政治体制中反复出现的现象。为此,有必要了解军队介入政治的动机和根本原因。更重要的是外部势力在非洲军事政变和军人干政现象中所发挥的作用。殖民遗产在非洲大陆的治理体系中发挥的作用更是如此。本研究旨... 详细信息

军事政变和军人干政是非洲政治体制中反复出现的现象。为此,有必要了解军队介入政治的动机和根本原因。更重要的是外部势力在非洲军事政变和军人干政现象中所发挥的作用。殖民遗产在非洲大陆的治理体系中发挥的作用更是如此。本研究旨在探讨在非洲军事政变中外部势力的作用,并进一步探讨了法国在后殖民时期非洲民事军事关系中所起到的作用。这是由法国政府与他们在非洲的前殖民地之间签订的军事协定决定的。正是在这一基础上,法国在非洲的军人干政中发挥了主导作用。这项研究检验了非洲的两起军事政变以及法国政府在这两起事件中的作用。以尼日尔和马里作为研究案例。更确切地说,该研究探讨了为什么法国政府直接干预马里以防止其军事政变,而不是像在尼日尔那样,不干预并暗中支持尼日尔军事政变。有必要从整体上比较对两国的干预措施、支持这些措施的政策以及干预措施的影响。这项研究的主要目的是评估和分析促使法国干预马里和尼日尔的宏观因素、为实施干预而采取的政策以及干预措施的影响。本研究以古典现实主义国家利益理论为基础,以法国在马里和尼日尔军事政变中的作用为研究目标。该理论认为,在国际体系中,国家是单一的、理性的,是为了在国际政治中获得最大的利益。在这项研究中,现实主义理论能够很好的解释为什么法国人参与挫败马里的军事政变,并暗中支持尼日尔的政变。这两种情况下的政策决定都是由国家利益主导的。在方法论上,本研究采用了定性的研究方法。该研究依靠二手数据提供证据并支持研究论点。因此,以学术期刊文章、书籍、在线报纸、政策制定者的官方声明为形式的二手资源是非常珍贵的。本研究分为四章。第一章是研究的初步内容,包括研究问题、研究目标、理论框架和研究设计。第二章考察了法国在非洲的殖民和后殖民政策,以及这些政策如何影响非洲大陆的当代治理进程。第三章分别选取了马里和尼日尔的案例。第四章为研究总结、结论和建议。研究发现,安全和经济利益为法国在这两起军事政变中的行为提供了依据。法国与独立后的非洲政府签订的军事协议,在很大程度上反映了法国对军人推翻平民政府的反应。在法国政府对非洲政府感到不安的情况下,法国将眼看着军事政变发生而袖手旁观。然而,如果法国政府全力支持一个符合法国国家利益的非洲政府,一旦发生政变,法国就会迅速援引军事协定进行干预,支持平民政府。正是这些条件最能说明法国在马里和尼日尔案例中所起的作用。就马里而言,法国政府不得不介入并支持目前软弱的平民政府。应当在法国于撒哈拉和萨赫勒地区反恐战争中发挥作用这一更广泛的框架内去理解马里政变。长期以来,马里北部地区一直处于动荡状态,长期以歧视和机会不平等为由与位于南部的中央政府作战。当利比亚政府垮台,图阿雷格叛军回流,给脆弱的马里平民政府带来了挑战,事情变得更糟。反政府武装和伊斯兰圣战组织建立哈里发国的意图,足以使马里中央政府感到担忧。与向首都巴马科挺进的北方叛军相比,马里军队的装备很差。面对这些挑战,以及中央政府在与北方反叛分子持续不断的进攻中未能向军方提供足够的支持,军方发动了一场反对平民政府的政变。不久,法国将在随后的对抗中寻求援助,以击退叛军。伊斯兰恐怖分子造成的安全威胁促使法国人积极参与马里事件。另一方面,与马里相反,法国参与尼日尔政变是间接的,而在马里,法国不得不派遣军队。尼日尔政变是国内经济问题和法国在该国铀矿的利益问题的结合,法国对这些铀矿拥有控股权。在尼日尔,面临最后任期的总统试图通过宪法修正案延长他的任期。此举并未受到国内外代表团的欢迎。这一局势在执政当局和反对派之间制造了一种政治对抗的气氛。由于反对派试图反对总统的意图,抗议和示威活动在尼亚美市以及该国其他地区司空见惯。法国政府也不支持在任期限制上修改宪法。对于尼日尔总统面临的各种形式的反对,当地和国际上采取了一系列镇压措施,作为对付反对派的一种方式,尽管这些措施并没有奏效。由于安全局势几乎失去控制,总统作出了一项重大的经济政策决定,许多人对此感到吃惊。他宣布打算修改该国关于在法国控制下开采铀矿的协定。在一次重要的公开声明中,总统明确表示,他将欢迎铀行业的其他参与者,这将挑战法国的主导地位。在这项宣言发表之时,该国的抗议和示威活动仍在继续。就在有关铀浓缩的声明和不断恶化的政治局势之后,尼日尔军方发动政变推翻总统,宣称要恢复民主秩序,反对总统改变宪法。法国政府曾受到失去铀产业的威胁,暗中支持政变,后来又逐步支持恢复平民政府。在这两起案例中,法国在马里打击恐怖主义方面的国家利益解释了他们的干预,而获取铀的经济利益则解释了法国对尼日尔的不干预。

关键词：军事政变干预国家利益政治

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Epidemio-Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutive Aspects of Aortic Dissection in the Cardiology Department in Poin “G” Hospital University Center Bamako

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2018年第8期8卷 424-430页

作者： Samba Sidibé Coumba Adiaratou Thiam abdoul karim Sacko Mamadou Diakite Mariam Dagnoko Souleymane Coulibaly Nouhoum Diallo Hamidou Omar Ba Ibrahima sangaré Somnoma Jean-Baptiste Tougouma Massama Konaté Oumar Daouda Koné Mamadou Touré Mariam Sako Ichaka Menta Illo Bela Diall Boubakar Diallo Cardiology Department Point “G” Hospital University Center Bamako Mali Cardiology Department Hospital Kati Bamako Mali Cardiology Department Gabriel TOURE Hospital University Center Bamako Mali Higher Institute of Health Sciences Nazi Boni de Bobo Dioulasso University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Cardiology Department Hospital Mali Bamako Mali Medical Department of Institute for Studies and Research Bamako Mali

Objective: The work aimed at describing an epidemioclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of patients hospitalized for aortic dissection in the cardiology department in Point “G” Hospital University Center in Bamako—Mali. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study from January 2010 to February 2017 in the CHU Point G cardiology department, including all patients hospitalized during this period. Results: Of 6912 hospitalized patients, 23 patients were concerned by aortic dissection. The prevalence of aortic dissection was 0.33%. The most affected age group was 50 - 69 (43.5%) of patients. The predominance was male with a sex ratio of 4.75. The cardiovascular risk factors were high blood pressure (73.9%) and smoking (60.9%). The major functional signs were chest pain (65.2%) and dyspnea (65.2%). Asphygmy (56.5%) and breath of aortic insufficiency (60.9%) were the dominant physical signs. The electrocardiogram recorded sinus tachycardia with 86.9% of patients. The radiographic of the frontal thorax showed mediastina widening (73.9%). At echocardiography, dilatation of the ascending aorta was described with 73.9% and the intimal veil (47.8%). Pericardial effusion was observed with 26.1% of patients. In the thoracic angioscan, the aortic dissection gave 43.5% for type A and 56.5% for type B. The aneurysm of the aorta was abdominal with 21.7%, ascending portion (13.0%) and descending with 8.7%. Complications were dominated by heart failure (47.8%) and aneurysm of the aorta (34.8%). The lethality was 52.2%. Conclusion: Aortic dissection is a medical and surgical emergency with poor prediction.

关键词： Aortic Dissection Cardiology Point G Hospital

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Electrical Instability in Pentacene Transistors with Mylar and PMMA/Mylar Gate Dielectrics Transferred by Lamination Process

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2016年第7期4卷 1202-1209页

作者： Abdou karim Diallo abdoul Kadri Diallo Diouma Kobor Marcel Pasquinelli Departement de Physique Appliquée Université de Gaston Berger Saint Louis Sénégal Laboratoire de Chimie et de Physique des Matériaux (LCPM) Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Sénégal Aix Marseille Université Domaine Universitaire de Saint Jér&ocircme Marseille France

This study deals with electrical instability under bias stress in pentacene-based transistors with gate dielectrics deposited by a lamination process. Mylar film is laminated onto a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, on which aluminum (Al) gate is deposited, followed by evaporation of organic semiconductor and gold (Au) source/drain contacts in bottom gate top contact configuration (Device 1). In order to compare the influence of the semiconductor/dielectric interface, a second organic transistor (Device 2) which is different from the Device 1 by the deposition of an intermediate layer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) onto the laminated Mylar dielectric and before evaporating pentacene layer is fabricated. The critical device parameters such as threshold voltage (VT), subthreshold slope (S), mobility (μ), onset voltage (Von) and Ion/Ioff ratio have been studied. The results showed that the recorded hysteresis depend on the pentacene morphology. Moreover, after bias stress application, the electrical parameters are highly modified for both devices according to the regimes in which the transistors are operating. In ON state regime, Device 1 showed a pronounced threshold voltage shift associated to charge trapping, while keeping the μ, Ioff current and S minimally affected. Regardless of whether Device 2 exhibited better electrical performances and stability in ON state, we observed a bias stress-induced increase of depletion current and subthreshold slope in subthreshold region, a sign of defect creation. Both devices showed onset voltage shift in opposite direction.

关键词： Organic Transistor Mylar Lamination Pentacene Bias Stress

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Sexual Assault in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Bamako’s 5th Municipality Medical Center

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第11期6卷 654-660页

作者： Bambara Moussa Coulibaly karim Diallo abdoul Aziz Ouattara Adama Zampaligré Idrissa Gynécologue Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Background: The authors report cases of sexual assault reported to the obstetrics and gynecology department of the Bamako’s 5th municipality medical center during a prospective study of eight months from 1st January to 31st August 31st, 2012. Results: Twenty-one cases of assault were reported out of a total of 13,482 consultations, representing a frequency of 0%, 15%. Most victims were represented by students and accounted 43% of the study population. In 76% of cases the victims knew their assailant. The type of sexual contact was genito-genital vaginal penetration in 67% of cases and the condom was used in only one case. The average time before consultation was 3 days. The preventive ARV treatment was administered in 24% of cases and emergency contraception in 43% of cases. Conclusion: Sexual assault is common in Bamako. The reality is probably underestimated because many cases are not reported. The victims are mostly children and adolescents. The risk of transmission of STIs and HIV is very high during the sexual assault. Education and awareness of the population are essential for early consultation. Training of health workers to care for victims of sexual assault is needed.

关键词： Sexual Assault Support Victim Bamako Mali

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Digestive fungal flora in asymptomatic subjects in Bobo-Dioulasso,Burkina Faso

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第8期4卷 659-662页

作者： Bamba Sanata Ouédraogo abdoul Salam sangaré Ibrahim Zida Adama Cissé Mamoudou Karou D.Simplice Simpore Jacques Guiguemdé T.Robert Hennequin Christophe Department of Parasitology-Mycology University Hospital Sanou SouroBobo-DioulassoBurkina Faso Department of Parasitology-Mycology Higher Institute of Health SciencesPolytechnic University of Bobo-DioulassoBurkina Faso Department of Bacteriology-Virology Higher Institute of Health SciencesPolytechnic University of Bobo-DioulassoBurkina Faso Faculty of Health Sciences University of OuagadougouBurkina Faso Biomolecular Research Center Pietro Annigoni(CERBA/LABIOGENE) OuagadougouBurkina Faso Service of Parasitology-Mycology Saint Antoine de Paris HospitalFrance

Objective::To identify Candida species in asymptomatic subjects in Bobo-Dioulasso(Burkina Faso) by the matrix—assisted laser desortption ionization—time of flight mass spectrometry.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2013 in BohoDioulasso to coiled fecal and urine specimens from voluntary donors.Fungal strains were isolated on Sabouraud dextrose agar and analyzed using matrix—assisted laser desorption ionisation—time-of—flight mass spectrometry.Results:A total of 135 samples including stools(78.5%,106/135) and urine(21.5%,29/135) were analyzed.The results revealed that fecal specimens contained mainly Candida krusei(C.krusei)(42.5%) followed by Candida albicans(29.3%),Candida glabrata(18.0%) and Candida tropicalis(C.tropicalis)(4.7%).C.krusei(34.6%) was also found to be the most frequently identified in urine samples followed by Candida albicans(27.0%).C.tropicalis(15.4%) and Candida parapsilosis,However,uncommon species such as Candida nivariensis.Candida kefyr.Candida norvegensis,Candida parapsilosis.Candida lusitaniae and Candida robusta were also identified from fecal and urines samples.Conclusions:This study noted the emergence of species such as C.krusei,Candida glabrata,Candida parapsiolosis,C.tropicalis,Candida nivariensis,Candida norvegensis,and others.It is an imperative to take into account the existence of these species in the therapeutic management of patients in Bobo—Dioulasso.

关键词： Candida Mass spectrometry Matrix—assisted laser desorption ionization—time of flight BoboDioulasso

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Corneal Trauma: An Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Study in CADES/O Donka

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2022年第4期12卷 362-372页

作者： abdoul karim Balde Sonassa Diane Sidibe Kader Aziz abdoul karim Barry abdoulaye Magassouba Dantouma Maxim Sovogui Thierno Madiou Bah Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques of Conakry Conakry Guinea CADES/O (Application Center of the Diploma of Specialized Studies in Ophthalmology) Donka Conakry Guinea Bartimé Hospital of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Corneal trauma can be defined as any impact on the cornea following direct or indirect trauma by a traumatic agent. Due to its anatomical position, the cornea is the superficial membrane most exposed to ocular trauma. It is a frequent pathology in ophthalmology, especially in young active subjects. It is an important cause of poor vision or loss of the eyeball with a significant socio-economic impact. Material and Method: We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of descriptive type with a duration of 5 months from November 01, 2020 to March 31, 2021 in order to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of corneal trauma. Results: During the study period, 179 patients consulted for corneal trauma, i.e. 64.9% of ocular trauma. The age group 20 to 29 years old was the most affected with a frequency of 29.1%. The average age of our patients was 26.6 years old, with extremes ranging from 1 to 75 years old. The majority of patients were male with a frequency of 68.2% and a sex ratio of 2.1. Decreased visual acuity was the most frequent reason for consultation in our patients with 93.2%. Perforation was the most frequent type of trauma with 80.3%. All of our patients were treated with medication (100%), 65.3% with physical treatment and 41.8% with surgery. Conclusion: Corneal trauma is a real public health problem. They are especially frequent in young active subjects. Prevention remains the most effective means of treatment.

关键词： Cornéa Trauma CADES/O

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Genetic diversity of hepatitis viruses in West-African countries from 1996 to 2018

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第11期10卷 807-821页

作者： Maléki Assih abdoul karim Ouattara Birama Diarra Albert Theophane Yonli Tegwindé Rebeca Compaore Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma Simplice Karou Jacques Simpore Bioche-mistry-Microbiology CERBA/LABIOGENEOuagadougou 02006Burkina Faso Laboratoryof Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics(LABIOGENE)UFR/SVT University Ouaga I Prof Joseph KI-ZERBOOuaga-dougou 00226Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape Coast 00233Ghana Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires(ESTBA-UL) Universite de LomeLome 00229Togo

The severity of hepatic pathology and the response to treatment depend on the hepatitis virus genotype in the infected host. The objective of this review was to determine the distribution of hepatitis virus genotypes in West African countries. A systematic review of the literature in PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct was performed to identify 52 relevant articles reporting hepatitis A, B, C, D, E and G viruses genotypes.Hepatitis B virus(HBV) genotype E with a prevalence of 90.6%(95%CI: 0.891-0.920) found in this review, is characterized by low genetic diversity. Hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotypes 1 and 2 represented 96.4% of HCV infections in West African countries, while hepatitis delta virus, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis G virus genotypes 1 and HEV genotype 3 were reported in some studies in Ghana and Nigeria. HBV genotype E is characterized by high prevalence, low genetic diversity and wide geographical distribution. Further studies on the clinical implications of HBV genotype E and HCV genotypes 1 and 2 are needed for the development of an effective treatment against this viral hepatitis in West African countries. Surveillance of the distribution of different genotypes is also needed to reduce recombination rates and prevent the emergence of more virulent viral strains.

关键词：肝病乙肝病毒治疗方法

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Evaluation of Antibiotic Prescribing in the Pediatric Department of Gabriel TouréTeaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 645-656页

作者： Pierre Togo Hawa Konaré Mariam Maïga Karamoko Sacko Djénéba Konaté abdoul karim Doumbia Adama Dembélé Oumar Coulibaly Aminata sangaré Mohamed Elmouloud Cissé Fousseyni Traoré Belco Maïga Ibrahim Ahamadou Aminata Doumbia Lala N’Drany Sidibé Amadou Touré Yacouba Aba Coulibaly Kalirou Traoré Tati Simaga Souleymane Sagara Leyla Bagna Maïga Bory Traoré abdoul Aziz Diakité Fatoumata Dicko Mariam Sylla Sounkalo Dao Boubacar Togo Paediatric Department Gabriel Tour&#233 Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali Pediatric Department Distric VI Reference Health Center Bamako Mali Infectious Diseases Department Point G Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali

Objectives: The main objective was to evaluate antibiotic prescribing in the Department of Pediatrics at Gabriel Touré teaching hospital. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted from September 1 to November 31, 2018, in the Department of Pediatrics at Gabriel Touré teaching hospital. All children aged 0 to 15 years hospitalized for any pathology during the study period and having received at least one antibiotic had been included. Results: We collected 445 children’s records out of 1032 admissions during the study period, representing a hospital frequency of 43.1%. The sex ratio was 1.3%. The 2 - 5 age group accounted for 48.1%. Fever was the reason for consultation in 45.6% of cases. Patients’ general condition was altered in 60% of cases. The fathers were blue-collar workers in 65.4% and the mothers housewives in 85%, and had no education in 42.9% and 64.5% respectively. Hepatomegaly was present in 18.2%, splenomegaly in 9.6% and peripheral adenopathy in 3.1%. The site of infection was pulmonary in 37.6% and ENT in 9.2%. Bacterial infection was assumed on admission in 54% of cases, and meningitis in 57.7%. The discharge diagnosis was malaria in 54.6%, severe acute malnutrition in 18.6% and meningitis in 6.7%. The death rate was 3.8%. Neutrophilic leukocytosis was present in 47.3% of patients. CRP was positive in 85% of patients. Blood cultures taken in 27.6% of patients were positive in 5. CSF analysis in 30% of patients showed elevated leukocytes in 6.5%. No cultures were positive. Antibiotic prescription was justified by infectious hypotheses in 43.1% of patients. β-lactam antibiotics were prescribed in 98.6%. Antibiotic therapy was not adapted to national/international recommendations in 68.3% of cases, and was not justified in 16.3% of cases on D5 of hospitalization. Conclusion: Antibiotic use was justified in more than half of patients, but remained inadequate in almost two-thirds of cases, in line with national and international recommendations.

关键词： Antibiotic Prescription Hospitalization Child

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Design of a Rectenna in 2.45 GHz Band Frequency for Energy Harvesting

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Energy and Power Engineering 2021年第9期13卷 333-342页

作者： Ognadon Assogba abdoul karim Mbodji Salick Diagne Abdou karim Diallo Section Physique Appliquée UFR des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologies (SAT) Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis Sénégal

There are several sources of energy recovery in the ambient environment. The radiofrequency energy harvesting system is used to harvest the electromagnetic energy in the air by processing energy sources to charge low-power electronic devices. Rectenna termed as a rectifying antenna is a device that is used to convert electromagnetic waves in the air into direct electric current. In this work, we have designed firstly the patch antenna with a small size printed on the FR4 substrate (40 mm × 47.5 mm × 1.6 mm) and then the rectifier circuit. This rectenna is capable of working at a frequency range of 2.45 GHz. The antenna was designed using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) 13.0 software with the result of working frequency of 2.453 GHz, S11 (Return Loss) -52 dB, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) 1.036, gain 3.48 dB and bandwidth 150 MHz. The efficiency of rectifier design on Advanced Design System (ADS) 2011 software is 54% at the input power of 0 dBm at 2.45 GHz. The resulting system is capable of producing electrical energy to power low-power electronic equipment at a DC voltage of 732 mV.

关键词： Efficiency Energy Harvesting Radiofrequency Rectenna

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